Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

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New donors and complex donors of significant signs of an apple-tree are allocated on the basis of received new knowledge on formation and display of valuable selection signs

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Genetic identification of allele�s gene of self-incompatibility in the apple varieties is executed. Cytological analysis of pollination of apple varieties is conducted. Compatible combinations of varieties are defined

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Results of an estimation of plum and cherry varieties of native selection on their resistance to temperature stress and major diseases are presented. The most stable and productive varieties and hybrids for industrial cultivation and selection for resistance are allocated

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The estimation of an apple-tree adaptive potential in the conditions of of Krasnodar territory is conducted. The basic measure of usefulness of conditions of its cultivation is not the complex of physical parameters of environment, but biology of its testing on sizes of productivity. The estimation of resource potential of Krasnodar territory for studied culture is conducted on such indicators as a relief (a steepness, an exposition of slopes, height above sea level), temperature conditions of the winter-spring and summer periods, an amount of precipitation

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The results of studying of analisis of technology of previous generations, a current state, the limiting factors and development prospects of orchard nursery are presented. The conclusion that overcoming of technological backlog, modern selection of grades and stocks, creation of virus-free orchard nurseries, will allow to produsce the certificated landing material of the highest category qualities, and, in turn, is drawn will provide a gain of productivity and essential increase of profitability and competitiveness of domestic fruit growing

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The frost resistance of the varieties of grape of different ecological and geographical groups and periods of ripening in the natural and simulated conditions is studied. During the period 2006 � 2011 more later entry of the plants of grapes into the state of organic dormancy is established. On the basis of es-timation of the complex of physiological and biochemical indices it is established that the frost resistance of grapes of Euro-AmurAmerican (variety Krystall) and European origin (variety Barhatniy and Cabernets Sovinyon) is caused both by the high stability of the protoplasm of cells to the dehydration and cellular membranes � to the destruction; varieties of Euro-American ori-gin Dostoyniy, Pervenets Magaracha, Caber-net AZOS - the stability of theprotoplasm of cells to the dehydration also of varieties Krasnostop AZOS and Ach Chakrak � by the stability of cellular membranes to the destruction

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Technological trends and tendencies of development of modern intensive horticulture such as � poor growth rootstocks, compacted placement of fruit trees and high-quality planting material are analyzed in the article on the basis of literature sources

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Experimental studies are suggested that ta-ble varieties of grapes are most responsive to their holding on the large form of bushes. Productivity of bushes formed by the type Ombrella and DZHZ increased by 1,5-3 times by improving the use of photosynthetically active radiation

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The experimental data of analysis of the content of free amino acids in the leaves of fructifying apple-tree with application of foliar fertilizing are received by method of capillary electrophoresis. The interrelation of the contents of some amino acids with the mineral composition of leaves is revealed, that suggests the possibility of diagnosing the effectiveness of foliar fertilising. Identified interrelations also can be used as additional diagnostic criterion for estimation of a physiological condition of fruit plants

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The comparative estimation of the chemical compound of the apple-tree fruits which have been grown up in the conditions of the central zone of Krasnodar territory, depending on weather conditions of the vegetation period is presented. The obtained data has allowed to develop interrelation models between accumulation RSV, sugars, ascorbic acid, the general pol-yphenols, natural antioxidants and weather conditions of the period of vegetation of an apple-tree

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A visual estimation and analysis of external changes of grapes leaves and shoots, expressed in dysplasia, early autumn color, burns, which reflect the reaction of plants to increased ultraviolet radiation during the vegetation of 2009 and 2010 in the Krasnodar territory are presented

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Methods of diagnostics of activators of virus and similar to virus diseases, the PCR analysis, ELISA, biotesting with wood indicators, a method of cartograms and biological actualized diagnostics are described

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Composition of sediments of oak extracts before and after maderization is studied using of scanning electron microscopy on X-ray energy dispersive microanalyzer. Application of new method allows to ana-lyze the structure and to estimate the elemental composition of sediments