Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Results of an estimation of stability of differ-ent apple varieties maturing are resulted in action of weather stress – to a spring frost. Varietals characteristics of sensitivity to frost pistils and anthers, and the age of generative structure are revealed.
Adaptive features of genotypes pear varieties to specific agroecological conditions are re-vealed. The analysis and selection of the va-rieties most adapted to is carried out is soil-environmental conditions a steppe zone, the grades possessing raised winter hardiness, good commodity and taste qualities of fruits, are recommended by reserved growth of a tree for production test.
Grades of sweet cherry resistant to cracking, such as Smuglyanka, Volshebnica, Zemly-achka, Yantarnaya, Drogana zheltaya and others are allocated as a result of studying of stability of fruit to cracking in natural condition and by laboratory method.
SYRIAN HIBISCUS ADAPTIVE CAPACITY AT ITS INTRODUCTION IN THE CENTRAL SUBZONE OF THE KRASNODAR REGION
We consider the adaptive response of Syrian hibiscus to the arid conditions in the central subzone of Krasnodar region. A preliminary assessment of adaptive capacity of introduced varieties of hibiscus is given, cultivars ranging according to the degree of drought resistance is conducted.
Physiology and biochemistry of plants
Laboratory and field data on studying of physiological and biochemical features of resistance to drought of different chromosomal apple-tree forms are presented.
Anatomical and morphological studies of generative buds of the apple tree variety maturing in autumn-winter period of development are conducted. Using light microscopy 3 groups of the generative buds, varying in degree of development of anthers are identified. The relation between the degree of the development of anthers and the winter hardiness of buds is revealed.
In the article biochemical features of forma-tion of stability of plum varieties in the an-nual cycle of development are presented.
In the conditions of summer period of Anapa city the grapes of the early maturity Crystal, Bianca; middle term maturing Barhatnyy and late – Cabernet Sauvignon are heat-resistant due to the resistance of cellular membranes to the destruction and the plasma of cells to the dehydration.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
The biochemical composition of the extract of leaf blades of representatives Cerasus Mill class using techniques developed in North Caucasian Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture for highly accurate methods of capillary electrophore-sis is studied, qualitative and quantitative difference is found in the content of chemi-cal substances in the leaves of immune and non-resistant to Coccomicos (Coccomyces Hiemalis Higgins) genotypes.
The grapevine has a high susceptibility to disease. Researches were conducted to de-termine of all complex pathogens a grape-vine on territories of Krasnodar region in modern conditions and perspective methods of protection of grapes from the most dan-gerous pathogens are offered.
Resistance of grapes to gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers) is established on the basis of long-term studies of Anapa’s ampelographical collection gene pool the groups of varieties with different resistance depending on the ecological and geographical origin are allocated.
Resistance of grapes to bacterial cancer (agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith et Town.) Conn) is established on the basis of long-term studies of Anapa’s ampelographical collection gene pool, the groups of varieties with different resistance depending on the ecological, geographical and genetic origin are allocated.
Manage environmental and food safety
Condition of grape plantations after reducing fungicidal load decrease through the use of biologically active substances is shown.