Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Issue: 34(4)

Date posted: 15.07.15

Total articles: 15

Total authors: 37

Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection

pdf
154 Кб
6 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 634.853:631.526.321:663.222
Keywords: CLASSIC GRAPES VARIETIES, INTRODUCED CLONES, MUST, WINE MATERIAL, PHENOLIC COMPLEX, TECHNOLOGY

Annotation

At the "Magarach" institute the work on definition of methodical approach to technological assessment of the introduced clones of classical red grapes is carried out with a view of their possible use for production of high-quality wines. The object of research are the red table dry wine materials produced by use of various processing methods (classical technology, and method of carbon dioxide maceration of pulp and grapes). The methods of research used in the work are the standardized and special uvologic, physical and chemical, biochemical, organoleptic and statistical, with use of the modern equipment and the computer technics. For a complex assessment the research of grapes clones in "grapes - mash - wine material" system are carried out. As a result of carried out research the possibility of growth of the introduced red clones (Cabernet Sauvignon, Cabernet Fran, Merlot, Sira) under the conditions of the Crimea is established. This conclusion is made on the basis of results of the analysis of mechanical structure and physical and chemical and biochemical properties of grapes and a mash and wine materials. According to a complex assessment of red grapes clones in the system "grapes - mash - wine-material" the differentiation of them on 3 groups characterizing the grapes potential is carried out. The grapes criteria indicators allowing to pick up the perspective technology of wine materials production are revealed. For the grapes clones of 1 group the classical technology is recommended, for the clones of 2 groups - of carbon pulp dioxide maceration, for clones of 3 groups the carbon dioxide grapes maceration is recommended. The received results give the chance further to recommend the technology of processing for receiving of qualitative wine when the introduced clones grapes are studied on mechanical structure and physical and chemical indicators on the harvesting stages.

How to cite
Yalanetskiy A., Shmigelskaya N. SYSTEMATIC APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF INTRODUCED CLONES OF RED GRAPES VARIETIES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 1–6. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/01.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
145 Кб
7 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 634.75:631.524.01
Keywords: STRAWBERRY, PINK COLOR OF FLOWER, HYBRID GENERATION, GENETIC ANALYSIS, DONOR

Annotation

The selection of genetic donors and sources of economically-valuable traits gives an opportunity to pick up the valuable varieties to engage them in further breeding process. In the hybridization of garden strawberry you must enable the parental forms with a high level of productivity, product quality of berries and flowers decorative properties. Currently the breeding research in the study of genetic control of pink colour trait of strawberry flower are using the genotypic diversity within species Fragaria × ananassa Duch. Our research object is the first generation F1 seedlings received as result of hybridization of Belrubi × F1 C-141. The programs and existing methods of breeding of fruit, berry and nut crops are used in this work. For the statistic processing of the material the biometric methods are used. In 2014, the first phase of work is to analyze the strawberry seedlings of the first generation F1. The received hybrid seedlings were divided into three phenotypic classes: white, pink and pale pink in the ratio 8: 8:13. The appearance of the first generation of hybrid seedlings with different colour of the flower shows that the parental strawberry forms have geterzigotic status of alleles on this trait. Proceeding from the results of our study, the combination in one seedling genotype of two dominant alleles A1 and A2 defines the pink flower colour; the combination of dominant alleles A1 and A3 and A2 and A3 defines the pale pink colour. Analysis of the received first strawberry generation of seedlings showed the variability of the flower color from pale pink to pink. The intensity of the pink flower color depends on the number and combination of dominant alleles in one genotype.

How to cite
Lapshin V., Yakovenko V. METHOD OF THE GENETIC ANALYSIS IN THE INHERITANCE OF PINK COLOR OF STRAWBERRY FLOWER PETALS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 7–13. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/02.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Breeding and production of planting material

pdf
478 Кб
16 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 634.8:581.177
Keywords: GRAPES, PLANTING MATERIAL, GREEN CUTTINGS, CULTURE IN VITRO AND IN VIVO, "AGROS", SAMPLING

Annotation

Development of highly effective and economic methods of accelerated grapes reproduction is necessary for production of landing material of the highest categories of quality through in vitro culture. The purpose of research is the development of highly effective methods of adaptation and the ways of accelerated reproduction of the sanitated grapes saplings. For study of sanitated grapes plants from test-tube 3 experiences were put. Data of the research received in the first experience showed the advantage of grapes plants from test-tube cultivation for in vivo adaptation in the glasses with a volume of 450 ml. In the second experience it is established that survival and development of plants in the cubes of "Agros" proceeded more intensely, than in the peat pots. In the third experience it is shown that the early term of landing is more preferable as it allows you to receive more shoots for rooting. Thus there is an opportunity to receive the well developed plants to the time of optimal term of landing to a constant place. It is established that landing term considerably affected the number of the received green cutting and shoots ripening. The quantity of one-bud cutting of Levadiysky Black grapes of the first term of landing is 15-20 from one bush, and their quantity from plants of the second term of landing is 7-9. As a result of research the advantage of cultivation of grapes plants from test-tube in "Agros" substratum is revealed. The main methods of test-tube grapes cultivation in the "Agros" cubes are offered. The results of experience demonstrate the possibility of successful use for cultivation of grapes saplings, along with the stationary greenhouses, the more simplified constructions.

How to cite
Bratkova L., Malyhina A., Zuzenko N. THE WAYS OF GRAPES MERY CLONES ADAPTATION TO THE CONDITIONS IN VIVO [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 14–29. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/03.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

General agrotechnics (systems, technology)

pdf
933 Кб
23 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 631.811.98:634.8
Keywords: INTROSCOPE, METHODS OF INVESTIGATION, AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGY, FOOD INDUSTRY

Annotation

The analytical overview of world experience of use of introscopic methods of research applied in the agricultural biology and the food industry are given in the materials of article. The aspects of application of introscopic testing in the various areas of science and the development history of the introscopic researches of agricultural plants in the our country and abroad are shortly described. The results of the most significant and interesting research with use of radiographic methods, and also results of modern research of the last decade of foreign research with use of methods of computer and magnetic-resonance tomography are given. The domestic experience and progress of use of methods and means of a nondestructive testing in our country are discussed. It is noted that the carried-out analysis shows the insufficient development of similar research in our country which, at the moment, are limited only to use of a microfocal X-ray analysis. Current situation is explained by the high cost of the research equipment, low qualification of employers, insufficient amount of information about the existing prospects of this research. The conclusion becomes that in domestic agricultural biology it is necessary to expand the range of research works with application of introscopic methods, but it is necessary to define accurately the purposes and the tasks for carrying out the scientific research not to discredit this important and perspective direction.

How to cite
Nikolsky M., Gryaznov A. WORLD EXPERIENCE OF USE OF INTROSCOPIC RESEARCH METHODS IN THE AGRICULTURAL BIOLOGY AND FOOD INDUSTRY [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 30–52. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/04.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
258 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 663.252.4
Keywords: PECTIN, EXTRACT, COAGULATION, FLOCCULATION, REVOLVING ELECTRICAL FIELD

Annotation

Composition and properties of pectin's depend on the mode of sedimentation. For optimization of technology of pectin electric sedimentation we studied the kinetics of electric coagulation of pectin macromolecules in the pulsed rotating electric field. A definition of the threshold of electric coagulation depending on the parameters of the electric field and other technological regimes. The following parameters were measured: the voltage on electrodes, the current density and pulse frequency of rotating electric field. It is established that the intensity of sedimentation process increases linearly when the current density increases. The threshold of electric coagulation depending on the pectin concentration in the solution is defined. The process of coagulation occurs the most intensively in the pectin extracts with above 1,5% concentration, this process occurs the least intensively if the concentration is 1.0%. The results of research showed that if the temperature of the initial model solution is higher, the velocity of coagulation is higher too. It is shown that the optimal temperature of solution is 23. It is established that the beginning of pectin coagulation in the solutions with its low concentration requires of creation of a higher field voltage and on the contrary. The kinetics of the process of electric flocculation is carried out. The results of study showed that the duration of the process of electric coagulation-flocculation of pectin substances is 60 minutes. It is established that pectin going out increases and reaches its maximum at the frequency of the pulses of rotating electric field of 25 kHz, then it begins to decrease. The use of the established regularities and technological modes permitted to receive the pectin with high ability to form the complexes. On the results of research the improved technology for the pectin production using on the phase of sedimentation the method of coagulation in the pulsed rotating electric field is developed.

How to cite
Filimonov M., Ilina I., Machneva I. THE ELECTRO-CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY OF PECTIN COAGULATION: FURTHER RESEARCH [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 53–63. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/05.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Mineral nutrition of plants

pdf
135 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 634.8 : 631.8
Keywords: GRAPES, GROWTH PROCESS, QUALITY OF PRODUCTION MINERAL NUTRITION

Annotation

The fertilizers have a significant impact on the activization of the over ground part of the plant, harvest and grapes quality. Micro fertilizers and growth regulators have influence on the growth of shoots, the laying of fruit formations in the overwintering buds and the leaf formation of bushes. These indicators are interrelated and allow to predict the productivity of plantings. The purpose of the research is to reveal the regularities of changes in the growth processes, the productivity and the quality of products under the influence of the different modes of mineral nutrition. The research are carried out in the agric ecological viticulture zone of the Black Sea of Krasnodar Region for Riesling technical varieties. Methodology of carried out scientific work included the placing of field one factor's experience with various options for application of "Polimiks-agro" fertilizer. The positive influence of not-root nutrition of fertilizer "Polimiks-agro" on growth processes, productivity, and quality of the Riesling grapes is established. In the field experience the number of shoots and one-year shoots growth and number of inflorescences are increased, the quality of grapes bunches is improved. On the treated bushes the color of leaves is intensive green, the lack of nutrients was not observed. It is shown the improvement of quality of the berries juice. Sugar content in the experience options is higher than in a control on 3.1-5.3 g/100 cm3 with decreasing acidity on 0.4-1.0 g/dm3. The reliable yield change under the influence of the "PoliMiks-agro" is established. The use of fertilizer has increased the productivity of Riesling grapes in all options of experience. The most outstanding options were released with the triple application of "PoliMiks-agro" in a dose of 2 l/hectare and with the use of "PoliMiks-agro" according to the sheme of 2: 1: 2 l/ hectare. The grapes harvest increases in these options of experiment on 4.0 and 3.1 t/ha or 36.4% and 28.2%, respectively.

How to cite
Petrov V., Krasilnikov A., Russo D. CHANGE OF GROWTH PROCESSES, GRAPES PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF PRODUCTION UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS REGIMES OF MINERAL NUTRITION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 64–71. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/06.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Management of soil fertility

pdf
364 Кб
14 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 634.11:631.674.6:631.416.2
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, AVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS, FERTIGATION, DRIP IRRIGATION, SOIL

Annotation

Under the conditions of the Tambov and the Lipetsk areas the influence of fertigation on apple-tree productivity and distribution of available phosphorus in the soil are investigated. The features of migration of available phosphorus in the apple-tree plantings of different varieties on soil layers of 0-20, 21-40, 41-60 and 61-80 cm are established: directly under a dropper, between the droppers in a row and at distance of 30 and 60 cm towards the center of a row-spacing. It is shown that a drop irrigation affects on the distribution of available phosphorus on the soil layers. Phosphorus is washed away from the upper horizons, especially under a dropper, and it distributes on all depth of root layer. It makes phosphorus more available for apple-tree plants. It is established that the fertigation provided the higher level of the content of available phosphorus in the soil, than in control, and also other distribution of it on layers of soil that promoted the increase of plants productivity. Under the conditions of fertigation the horizontal migration of phosphorus on distance of 30-60 cm as in the direction of a row, and so in direction of row-spacings, and the descending migration of phosphorus in the layers of 41-60 and 61-80 cm is noted. The content of phosphorus in these soil layers was much higher, than in the control. It is noted that in the plantings with a high density of landing the regime of plants nutrition is optimized and so the productivity of apple trees increases. In our experiences the increasing productivity at the intensive apple-tree of Imrus PB-9 was about 60 % and - 77-98% for Lobo variety, and 24-46% for Spartan apple-tree.

How to cite
Kuzin A., Trunov Y. DISTRIBUTION OF AVAILABLE PHOSPHORUS IN THE SOIL ROOT ZONE UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF DRIP IRRIGATION AND FERTIGATION IN THE INTENSIVE APPLE ORCHARD [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 72–85. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/07.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Quality Management

pdf
198 Кб
17 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 663.252
Keywords: RED WINES, VINIFICATION, WORT, MACERATION, FERMENTATION, DRY YEAST, AUXILIARY MATERIALS

Annotation

The wine-making branch reconstructs the work on production according to real requirement of the market. The interest in red wines, especially in table wines increased, the choice of the optimal conditions of their vinification for receiving of high quality wines is an actual task. The analysis of the publications devoted to features of wines production from red grapes varieties is presented in the article. The vinification operations stimulating the transition of color substances from a grapes skin to a grapes mash are considered. It is noted that in the production of red table wines the selection of way and duration of infusion on alburnum are important. It is established that in an intensification of biochemical processes of fermentation and clarification of wine materials the active dry yeast and an immobilization of yeast on environmentally clean carriers and stimulation of yeast have an important means. Use of such yeast will allow us to pass to continuous processes in wine-making and to reduce the quantity of pure culture of yeast on wine production. This biotechnology of wine is characterized by resource and energy saving in wine-making. It is especially noted that the use of import materials under conditions of national wine-making needs carrying out the laboratory and industrial research to use of domestic and foreign pure cultures of yeast and for acceleration fermentation process of a grapes mash. Data on biological process of acid decreasing are analysed. It is revealed that the use of the selected cultures of bacteria for management of this process is expediently. In the conclusion it is noted that the assessment of features of influence of vinification methods on formation of red wines quality is an actual task of branch and it demands to careful study of a this question and also to find and introduct of the new innovative methods of vinification.

How to cite
Gontareva E., Ageeva N., Guguchkina T. MODERN TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF VINIFICATION OF RED WINES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 86–102. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/08.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
149 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 664.00.4; 663.2
Keywords: ECOLOGY, RECREATION, ENOTHERAPY, STEVIOSIDE, ORGANOLEPTIC ANALYSIS, WINES QUALITY

Annotation

The development and production of products of treatment-and-prophylactic, diabetic and dietary direction are the strategic direction of the food industry in the most developed countries, this direction is the basis of health and activity of people. Medical and therapeutic properties of grapes and wine are known since ancient time, but for different reasons these properties are used a little in practice of health resort treatment. Among scientific developments of the Anapa's Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking in this field it is possible to call five types of grapes kvass with original taste and tonic and medial properties; grapes treatment-and-prophylactic drinks with addition of natural herbal ingredients: "Morskoy briz" - the drink for treatment of upper respiratory tract; "Veta" - for treatment of gastrointestinal tract;"Krepish" - the drink is useful when various avitaminosis and metabolic disorder and as the all-strengthening means. The purpose of the research was study of possibility of expansion of enotherapeutic properties of wine by use of a steviozid. As a result of carried out research it is established that replacement of natural grapes sugars in the wines by steviozid is possible when we use almost all grapes varieties growing in the Black Sea zone, however steviozid is combined most harmoniously with the grapes varieties having an aroma of intense muscat or flower and also with high-extractive red varieties. It is established that steviazid concentration in a sugar equivalent shouldn't exceed 20 g/dm3 - for white semi-dry wines; 25 g/dm3 - for semi-dry red wines; 30 g/dm3 - for white semisweet; 35 g/dm3 - for semi-sweet red wines and 20-75 g/dm3 - for special sweet wines.

How to cite
Dergunov A., Lopin S. USE OF SCIENTIFIC DEVELOPMENTS OF ANAPA'S ZESV&W FOR ENHANCE OF RECREATIONAL OPPORTUNITIES OF SEA RESORT [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 103–112. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/09.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
344 Кб
14 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 663.241.048.004.12/.014
Keywords: FRACTIONS OF DISTILLATE, FRACTIONATION, HIGHER SPIRITS, MATURATION

Annotation

The purpose of research was improvement of the production technology of cognac distillates on the basis of their fractionation and the accelerated maturing. The object of research are the cognac wine materials, prepared from mixture of the European grapes varieties. In the process of research of cognac distillates and cognacs the standard analysis methods regulated by standard documentation, and also gas chromatographic methods with use of the gas-liquid Agilent Technology 6890 chromatograph are used. The chemical composition of cognac distillates is researched, as a result the criterions of quality of cognac spirits for production of cognacs of various categories are established. Their quantitative and qualitative assessment is given, the requirements to young cognac distillates taking into account the directions of their use are developed. The optimum ranges of the content in the young cognac distillates of the main groups of volatile impurity are established. The mechanism of regulation and the schematic diagram of distillate fractionation process at spirit raw distillation are offered. It is established that the endurance of the cognac spirits processed by heat in the oak barrels for 3,5 and 7 years promoted the formation of higher (on 0,3-0,5 points) qualities of experimental spirits. As a result of the conducted research the production technology of cognac distillates was improved. The main stages of the offered technology are: the fractionation of cognac distillate in the process of distillation of alcohol raw on three distillate fractions; the accelerated maturing of cognac distillates at thermal treatment; the endurance of the processed cognac distillates in contact with oak wood. The apparatus and technological scheme of the advanced production technology of cognac spirits on the basis of their fractionation and the accelerated maturing are developed. The technological instruction for production of cognac spirits is developed and approved. The economic effect of its introduction was 129200 rub/one thousand decalitres.

How to cite
Chursina O., Legasheva L., Prostak M. THE INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGICAL METHODS OF COGNAC DISTILLATES PRODUCTION ON THEIR COMPOSITION AND QUALITY [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 113–126. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/10.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Phytosanitary condition of plants

pdf
148 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 632.951:631.811:577.1:634.11
Keywords: GROWTH REGULATOR, BIOCHEMICAL INDICATORS OF QUALITY, PRODUCTIVITY, APPLE VARIETY, INSECTICIDES

Annotation

In the recent years under the conditions of the South of Russia the strengthening of influence of stressful environmental impacts on of fruit plantings productivity is observed. It is necessary to refer to stressful influence the application of chemical means of plants protection also. The complex use of fertilizers and biologically active agents can be the ways of decrease in negative stressful impacts. The results of study of influence of complex application of insecticides with the growth regulator of Atonic Plus on agribiological and qualitative indicators of Golden Delishes apple-tree are given in the article. In 2010-2014, when a high number of a grapes-berry moth (from 24,4% to 72,0%) and stressful influence of the environment, the technology of phytophage regulation on the basis of complex application of chemical and microbiological insecticides is offered, that technology provided the control of a grapes-berry moth at the level of 94,4-98,9%. It is established that inclusion in the processing system of the growth regulator of Atonik Plus increased in length of one-year shoots of an apple-trees on 8,18 cm and the areas of leaf surface increased on 12,52 cm2. The smaller fall of fruits is noted, and it leds to an increase in a crop of apples on 8,6 t/hectare, in comparison with the control. It is shown that the application in the tank of mixture of the offered insecticides and the growth regulator of Atonik Plus promoted the improvement of biometric indicators of apple fruits. The more accumulation of organic acids (malic and amber) and biologically active ions of potassium (on 63 mg/dm3) and sodium (on 12,1 mg/dm3) and decrease in concenration of dry substances is noted (for 1,1%). These changes have led to increase in duration of fruits storage.

How to cite
Podgornaya M., Piotrovskaya Y. INCREASE OF AGRIC BIOLOGICAL AND QUALITATIVE TRAITS OF GOLDEN DELICIOUS APPLE-TREE AS A RESULT OF ATONIC PLUS GROWTH REGULATOR'S APPLICATION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 127–135. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/11.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
149 Кб
7 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 632.934.1
Keywords: PEAR, PEAR SUCKER, INSECTICIDES, TANK MIXTURE

Annotation

The basis of the modern system of protection of the pear plantations is the development of scientifically based schemes of application of highly effective preparations. Now the assortment of preparations alowed for application in pear plantings, does not provide the effective plants protection against pear sucker, therefore it is necessary to develop the effective schemes of preparations combination. It is noted that the use of tank mixtures you can slow down the adaptation of harmful organisms to applied preparations and reduce the pesticides load on the cultivated orchards area. In our experiments for protection of the pear plants the Dimilin, Aktara, Vertimek and tank mixtures of Dimilin with Aktara and Vertimek were used. In the carried out research the dependence of development studies of pear sucker from weather conditions is established. Over the years of research, the number of harmful individuals in the control version of Avgustovskaya Rosa pear was 15.9; 41.0; 49.3; and their number of Pamiati Yakovleva was 11.5; 74.5 and 30.7 on a branch it different years. It is shown that the individual application of insecticides and their use in the tank mixtures reduce the number of pear sucker pear wood. Biological efficiency of preparations in the experimental options depends from the number of the pest and used preparation. The most effective preparations of different mechanism of action for application in the pear orchards at different number of the pest are established. The most biological efficiency of preparations against pear wood pear sucker for pears plants both studied varieties is noted in case of use of tank mixture of dimilin + aktara (biological efficiency reaches 99,1 %).

How to cite
Skrylyev A., Kashirskaya N. TANK MIXTURES APPLICATION FOR PEAR SUCKER CONTROL WITH THE PURPOSE OF INCREASE THE SYNERGETIC EFFECT OF INSECTICIDES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 136–142. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/12.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Manage environmental and food safety

pdf
417 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 663.25
Keywords: WINE, CONSUMER SAFETY, ANTIBIOTICS, METHODS OF ANALYSIS, CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS

Annotation

For the last decades the use of various means of preservation are sharply increased in the food industry, including antibiotics. Use of means of preservation is need for prolongation of expiration dates of production by way of protection against microbic damage, however there are real the facts of antibiotics detection in the samples of wine-making production. The purpose of research was the theoretical justification and development of a technique of definition of microbial origin preservatives in the wines. The samples of wine-making production, and also a food samplement - Natamaks were the objects of research. It is noted that preservatives of mikrobial origin - Natamitsin and Nizin merit the attention as there are the scientific disputes about their use in the industrial wine-making. Their application is connected with lack of influence on an organoleptik of the product which is exposed to processing. It is shown that consequences of interaction of antibiotics with component content of wine-making production, and also the norms of their use under the various conditions aren't studied yet. Therefore the questions of possibility of application of a Natamitsin and Nizin in the wine-making and development of an available technique of detection of their residual quantities in the finished production are actual. Monitoring of the wine-making market of Russia according to the maintenance of antibiotics wasn't carried out. In the article the opportunities and new methodical approaches for the analysis of preservatives of a mikrobian origin in the wine-making production by means of a capillary electrophoresis are considered. The methodical solutions on definition of Natamitsin antibiotic in the wine-making production are proposed. It is specified that the use of a highly effective capillary electrophoresis as an analytical method for definition of preservatives of a mikrobian origin will promote the carrying out of monitoring of the Russia wine-making market as regard the maintenance of antibiotics and safety of wine-making production.

How to cite
Antonenko M., Guguchkina T., Gaponenko Y., Abakumova A. THE THEORETICAL BASIS AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE METHOD OF DETERMINATION OF MICROBIAL PRESERVATIVES IN WINE PRODUCTION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 143–152. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/13.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Publishing of young scientists and postgraduates

pdf
506 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 634.8 : 631.52
Keywords: NURSERY, ROOTSTOCKS, FIRST FIELD, HIGH GRAFTING, SEEDLINGS

Annotation

In the struggle for a saler's market of fruitage production the producer with high fruits quality and their low prime cost is winning. For economy of production costs of fruit's the low-cost elements of technology are introduced. The Stavropol Experimental Station of gardening tested the technology of a garden using the saplings on the rootstocks with grafting at the height of 40 cm. Increase in deep of saplings during when landing on 20 cm more than previous recommendations allows you to increase trees fixation in the soil and to get rid of an expensive support. The introduction of the offered technology significantly depends on quality of saplings with grafting at the height of 40 cm, profitability of their production and selection of low growing rootstock which is optimal conforming to requirements of the technological process. For selection of low growing rootstock corresponding to the production technology of saplings with a high grafting the dwarf and semi-dwarfish apple-tree rootstocks: of M9, CK4, T337, M9EMLA, MM102 and CK2. The carried out research showed that the T337 dwarf rootstock and MM102 semi-dwarfish rootstock are the most technological for cultivation of saplings with a high grafting. They have the straight well rooting layers, in the first field of nursery the central trunk doesn't deviate from vertical position. To the time of carrying out of grafting the height of plants reaches 95-106 cm. The central trunk has a thickness of 8-10 mm at the height of 40 cm and it allows you to execute a high grafting qualitatively. The receiving of standard saplings on these rootstocks with grafting at the height of 40 cm reach 98 % of quantity of all layers landed in the first field.

How to cite
Oplachko R., Alferov V. EVALUATION OF APPLE DWARF ROOTSTOCKS IN THE NURSERY ON ABILITY TO HIGH GRAFTING [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 153–161. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/14.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
137 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2015
UDC: 632.7:634.8
Keywords: GRAPES, PESTS, GRAPE-BERRY MOTH, BOLLWORM, INSECTICIDES

Annotation

The grape-berry moth and bollworm which can significantly (on 20-100 %) reduce the productivity of vine plants on separate stages of ontogenesis are the stable harmful types of pests of Lepidoptera. For biological and ecological grapes protection against these pests the scientifically based methods to predict the dynamics of development (taking into account their harmfulness) under different weather conditions are required. Under the conditions of Krasnodar Region the biology of grape-berry moth is the most studied from Lepidoptera pests. Bollworm is polyphage and relatively new pest of vineyards. In accordance with the objective of study the monitoring of dynamics of grape-berry moth and bollworm is carried out on the plots where the number of imago of bollworm and the harmful stage of second and third generation of the pest are determined. These study are directed for obtaining of new knowledge about the biology bollworm under the influence of abiotic and technogenic factors. It is shown that pheromones may be by criterion tool to define of density of settling of plants of bollworm and a great way to refine the time of its treatments by protective means and even to be a method to reduce in number of pest. It is noted that in the fight against grape-berry moth more than 30 preparations of chemical and biological origins are allowed to use and the choice of protective means depends on the degree of settling of vineyards by grape-berry moth. When the settlement of vineyards is low the Lepidocid provides the high biological efficiency. It is established that at strong settling of vineyards of grape-berry moth the sufficient effect is provided by Pirineks, Avant, Insegar and B-58 new.

How to cite
Evdokimov A., Kolmykov A., Talash A. MONITORING OF LEPIDOPTEROUS PESTS ON THE VINEYARDS AND FORECAST'S METHODS OF THEIR DYNAMICS OF DEVELOPMENT [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 34(4). pp. 162–169. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/04/15.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).