Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Issue: 37(1)

Date posted: 15.01.16

Total articles: 16

Total authors: 24

Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection

pdf
1005 Кб
22 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.8(091)
Keywords: HEAD OF RESEARCH INSTITUTION, VITICULTURE AND WINE-MAKING, HISTORY OF EXPERIMENTAL STATION

Annotation

The article is devoted to the history of one of the oldest scientific institutions in the viticulture and winemaking branch of Russia - Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking. The role of the heads of the Station during the period from the creation of institution to the present time is given. The history of the Station is inextricably connected with the history of the country - the pre-revolutionary period, the 1917 Revolution, the Civil War, the post-war period, World War II, restoration period and modern time. At each historical stage the heads of scientific institution have tested for professionalism. The evaluation of all that have made for 105 year period on the Station allow us to select a few of them, whose activity were the most important and productive for organization. First of all: Zhurbey P.E. - the founder of exemplary estates on wine-making with an experienced field of viticulture of Kuban Cossack Army; Committee members for management of Experimental Station - Krasnokutsky V.P.; Keller A.V., Tseydler E.D., which under the hardest conditions were able to organize the work of Station; Professor Merzhanian A.S., which in the thirties of the twentieth century formed a close team of scientists at the Station by attracting of talented professionals; Balayuev A.V., who organized in the war time the continuation of research in the Georgia evacuation and after returning from evacuation to Anapa; Safaryan A.M. and Zhukov A.I. which in the turbulent period for development of viticulture in the Soviet Union in 60-80 years have done much for the scientific ensuring of brunch, especially for implementation of the graft grapes culture in the Kuban region.

How to cite
Pankin M. RESEARCH ORGANIZERS OF ANAPA ZONAL EXPERIMENTAL STATION OF VITICULTURE AND WINEMAKING [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 1–22. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/01.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
1005 Кб
17 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.8 (091)
Keywords: HISTORY, SCIENCE, VITICULTURE, WINE-MAKING, EXPERIMENTAL STATION AMPELOCOLLECTION

Annotation

The article is devoted to the memorial date - the 105 anniversary of the decision for the organization of an experimental organization. This article tells about employees of the Anapa's Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Wine-making. Long-term work of these employees contributed to the development of home vine and wine-making science. They worked at the Experimental Station a different number of years. Some of them came to AZESV&W when they have been honored and respected scientist and specialists, others came after graduating of institute and in a few time working they have left for another scientific institutions and became there the real scientists, other employers after working in 10-20 years at the station became the honored and respected scientists of AZESV&W. The article also focused on a vital way of Station's employees devoted more than forty years of their working life to activity on the Anapa's Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking.

How to cite
Pankin M. PEOPLE DEVOTED THEIR WORKING LIFE TO THE SERVICE FOR GRAPES AND WINE SCIENCE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 23–39. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/02.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
152 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 575.167: 634.8.093
Keywords: GENOTYPE-ENVIRONMENT, QUANTITATIVE TRAITS, VARIABILITY, F1 PROGENY, CROSSE COMBINATIONS, SEEDED AND SEEDLESS VINE CULTIVARS

Annotation

The purpose of this research is detection of the scientifically based and complex characteristic of the major genetic parameters correlated with expressivity of additive and dominant genes and their interaction with environment on different signs and crossing combinations of seed and seedless grapes varieties. The analysis of additive and dominant genes and their interaction with environment was carried out. The technique of genetic analysis of registered traits and mathematical models of data processing give the chance on objectivity of this research. During two-year period the hybridological study was kept on 21 quantitative traits which were distributed in four groups. For identification of stability degree of additive and dominant genes the degrees of K1 and K2 values were used: the high degree - to 10%, rather high - to 30%, average - to 50%, unstable - to 70% and very unstable - over 70%. The combinations with maximal breeding value of traits correlated with phenology, actual vine fertility of grapes plants and botanical features of bunches and berries have been determined. The high and rather high stability of dominant genes combined with low variability have been found only in a few combinations of crossings. All crossings have a rather high breeding value and rather weak variability of the traits correlated with the botanical description of berries. Stability of the additive and dominant genes interacted with environment is, mainly high. Genetic potential of additive genes is distinguished by the great breeding value and slight variability. The additive gene effects are manifested comparatively stronger in the genotype-environment interactions in almost all traits and crosses.

How to cite
Roychev V. GENETIC ANALYSIS OF ADDITIVE AND DOMINANT GENES AND THEIR INTERACTION WITH ENVIRONMENT OF CROSSE COMBINATIONS BETWEEN SEEDED AND SEEDLESS VINE CULTIVARS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 40–49. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/03.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
202 Кб
12 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 575.167: 634.8.093
Keywords: F1 PROGENY, AMPELOGRAPHIC TRAITS, CLUSTER ANALYSIS, PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS, VARIABILITY

Annotation

In the modern breeding of grapes the most attention is paid to preliminary selection of parental couples and to application of the methods allowing to base the selection on a complex assessment of bigger number of registration signs of hybrid plants. The cluster analysis and the analysis of the main components give the chance of obtaining more detailed information on value of separate signs in the grouping of genotypes. Research on detection of phenotypical variability of agric and biological signs and efficiency of selection in F1 from combination of grapes crossing of Armira x Rusalka 1 was conducted by application of the cluster analysis and the analysis of the main components. Experimental work included selection of 30 plants of F1 from combination of crossing of new of grapes - Super Run Bulgar (seed) × Rusalka 1 (seedless). During the four-year period the hybridological analysis of 22 agric and biological signs characterizing the economic value of each plant was carried out. It is established that the highest degree of a variation on the first and second main components possess the traits: productivity, fructification coefficient on shoot and on fruitful shoot, width of grapes bunch, length of berries, average mass of bunch, weight of 100 berries, total quantity of buds, shoot, bunches ets. From the seeded seedlings 15, 20, 23 and 30 are characterized by the best agric and biological indices and they are suitable for selection, and from the seedless plants - 29, 28, 26, 18, 14, 11, 5 and 1. In order to develop the new hybrid forms with valuable commercial qualities, plants 15 and 30 from the seeded seedlings should be crossed.

How to cite
Roychev V. PHENOTYPIC VARIABILITY OF COMMERCIALLY VALUABLE TRAITS IN F1 PROGENY OF THE CROSSE GRAPES COMBINATION OF ARMIRA × RUSALKA 1 [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 50–61. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/04.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
226 Кб
16 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 575.167: 634.8.093
Keywords: QUANTITATIVE TRAITS, SEEDED AND SEEDLESS VINE CULTIVAR, F1 PROGENY, PATH-ANALYSIS

Annotation

There are correlations between agric biological and technological quantitative traits of grapes influenced on formation of yield. The different methods have been applied for their study in breeding. A research purpose was the identification of impact of parental varieties on variability of quantitative traits in F1 generation of cross combination of seed and seedless grapes varieties. Within 8 years on 30 plants of each variety of F1 generation from hybrid combination of Super Early Bulgar (P1-seed) × Ruby Seedless (P2-seedless) we carried out an account of 21 quantitative traits. The influence of quantitative traits on yield formation in the cross combinations between seed and seedless grapes varieties was studied by means Path-analysis. It is established that the strongest direct and indirect impact on productivity of Ruby Seedless vine is exerted by the traits as total number of shoots; number of fruitful shoots, buds, and bunches; average mass of bunch, and average weight of 100 berries. At seedlings in F1 progeny from hybrid a combination of Super Early Bulgar × Ruby Seedless - such traits as total number of fruitful shoots and total number of shoots the most significantly influence on productivity. The cultivar Super Early Bulgar exerts the greater influence on the phenotype of seedlings in F1 progeny compared to Ruby Seedless. Positive direct influence and weak correlations of two parent varieties on seedlings have been reported for the traits of shoot fertility coefficient, cluster length, sugars, acids and berry width.

How to cite
Roychev V. INFLUENCE OF AMPELOGRAPHIC QUANTITATIVE TRAITS ON YIELD FORMATION OF CROSSE COMBINATION BETWEEN SEEDED AND SEEDLESS VINE CULTIVARS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 62–77. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/05.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
304 Кб
12 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.8
Keywords: GRAPES, VARIETY, YIELD, PRODUCTIVITY, DROUGHT-RESISTANT, FROST-RESISTANCE, WINTER HARDINESS

Annotation

The Astrakhan Region located in the central part of Northern Prikaspiya is one of the most attractive regions for development of industrial wine growing according to existence of suitable lands and a favorable climatic factor. However in the territory of region there are some climatic factors, influence of them decreases the yield or even the vineyards perish. The extreme manifestations of weather include the low temperatures in winter time, early autumn and late spring frosts. Therefore the study and introduction in the production of new high yielding frost and winter hardy grapes varieties have the great importance in increase of profitability of grapes plantings of cover vineyards zone. The article presents the results of the study of 40 grapes varieties in the irrigated area of the Caspian Research Institute of Arid Agriculture in the Astrakhan Region. The purpose of these study is agric-ecological assessment and scientific based selection of different varietal composition of the enological-oriented, adapted to soil and climatic conditions of the Astrakhan Region. The highest yield of the period study the varieties stood out: Muromets - 13.7 t / ha; Rizamat - 13.0 t/ha; Moskovsky - 12,1 t/ha; Sevan - 11.1 t/ha; Sylvaner - 12.4 t/ha; Early Magarach - 13.3 t/ha; Saperavi North - 11.0 t/ha. Maximum weight of the bunches in the early maturity group have the varieties and hybrids: Madlen Muskatny (the average weight of the bunch 350g), Sylvaner (388g), Codryanka (353g); in the middle group - Rizamat (1427g); in the group of late ripening - Moscovskiy and Sevan (520 and 535g, respectively). The maximum content of sugars in the berries have Astrakhanskiy Skorospely precocious (23.3%), Silvaner (25.3%), Madlen Muskatny (23.2%), Shasla Rozovaya (25.3%). As a result of research 11 high-table and technical varieties, the most adapted to the arid conditions of the Northern Caspian have been revealed.

How to cite
Ivanenko E., Polukhina E. PROMISING GRAPES VARIETIES FOR CULTIVATION UNDER THE ARID CONDITIONS OF THE ASTRAKHAN REGION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 78–89. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/06.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
181 Кб
12 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.852
Keywords: GRAPES, WINE, VARIETY, AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION, CROP QUALITY

Annotation

Plant diversity is maintained in the global collections of genetic resources. These collections are extremely valuable source of potentially useful genes required to obtain more productive varieties better adapted to environmental conditions. The our research objective was to determine the biological and qualitative indicators of an aboriginal Georgian winemaking white grapes variety of Goruli Mtsvane. The research was carried out in 2010-2014 on ampelographic collection of "All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after Ya.I. Potapenko". Rkatsiteli variety was used as a control. The study was carried out using the modern and classical techniques. After comparative study of biological varieties indicators, we conclude that the variety of Gorali Mtsvane exceeds the control Rkatsiteli variety for the most of the indicators. It has higher productivity and yields, ripens a week earlier, has a higher sugar content and lower titratable acidity. In terms of micro-winemaking the output of must from Gorali Mtsvane was more than 60%. The must had a high degree of clarification and sufficient supply of extractive and aromatic substances involved in the formation of wine taste and their substances can be preserved for a long time. Wine was clear with gloss of light straw color, it has a harmonious fragrance with notes of wild herbs, the taste is full, harmonious with long pleasant aftertaste. Wine tasting score is 8,6-8,7, that is at the same level or above the control variety. By results of carried out research the grapes variety of Goruli Mtsvane is recommended for production plantings to change the Rkatsiteli grapes, which is not always standard under our conditions.

How to cite
Naumova L., Ganich V., Matveeva N. AGRIC AND BIOLOGICAL AND QUALITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF INTRODUCED GEORGIAN GRAPES VARIETY OF GORULI MTSVANE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 90–101. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/07.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
172 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.85:631.532/.535:577
Keywords: GRAPES, SHOOT PRODUCTIVITY, SHOOT FRUITFULNESS, QUALITY OF YIELD, SUGAR MASS CONCENTRATION, PRODUCTIVITY, ADAPTATION COEFFICIENT, TASTING EVALUATION

Annotation

One of the reserves of increase in efficiency of viticulture and wine-making industry is the right selection of varieties for different regions of grapes cultivation. Within Crimea not only areas suitable on climatic conditions for the grapes cultivation are allocated, but also within these areas the specific climate viticultural areas are allocated too. The objective existence of such ecological and geographical zones determines the need for the proper selection and placement of grapes varieties that have the specific features in terms the ultimate wine and vine production. Thus, the important direction in improving and expanding of the raw material base of wine, increase in the output of high-quality and environmentally friendly products, with reducing of the costs of its production, is an introduction in assortment of technical grapes varieties of new breeding, that have more effective economic indicators. A good representative of the varieties group of new generation is "Tsitronny Magaracha" of National Research Institute for Vine and Wine breeding. The biological and economical characteristics of the "Tsitronny Magaracha" were studied under the conditions of the Alushta Valley. It was found the testing cultivar surpass the control grapes of Rkatsitely on the indices of the yield quality and sugar accumulation. The adaptation coefficient for the cultivar was calculated (Ka = 77,5), leading to a conclusion that this variety is suitable enough for cultivation in the studied zone. A tasting evaluation of wine materials from the grapes "Tsitronnyi Magaracha" and "Rkatsiteli" was carried out. The cultivar "Tsitronny Magaracha"produced wines with the highest scores (7.75 and 7.8) when they have been made into semi-dry and semi-sweet types, respectively. The results obtained by organoleptic testing of produced wine materials have shown that even after six months of wine materials store they have the floral aroma and high quality.

How to cite
Levchenko S. PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF GRAPS HARVEST OF CITRON MAGARACHA UNDER ALUSHTA VALLEY CONDITION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 102–112. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/08.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Breeding and production of planting material

pdf
657 Кб
13 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.8
Keywords: GRAPES, VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION, ANNUAL SHOOTS, MATURING, ANATOMIC STRUCTURES, NEW METHOD

Annotation

The main way of grapes plants reproduction is vegetative reproduction which is based on regeneration of plant tissues and organs. The wood's shanks of grapes used for vegetative reproduction have to be physiologically mature, and all changes of shoot connected with its ripening correlate with its anatomical structure. In this regard the study of anatomical structures of grapes shanks is the actual direction of research in wine growing. In this article it is shown that anatomical structure of the one-year ripened grapes shoots is one of the main criterion of an assessment of extent of vine ripening. It is noted that kind and specific features of plants, soil and climatic conditions of cultivation, the nutritious mode, agric-technology and way of plants cultivation impact on structure and ripening process of grapes shoots. The short literary review of data on value of grapes shanks ripening for vegetative reproduction of grapes is presented in the materials of article. The connection between extent of ripening, physiological and biochemical characteristics and an anatomic structure of one-year wood's shoot is shown. It is specified that the offered way of determination of percentage of tissues of floema, xylem and core to the general diameter of a shank as well as the calculation of quantity of sieve tubes is quite easy to learn, much more precisely and more operative than manual calculation. However it is noted that the quality of the processed photos which depends from skills of the researcher can strongly affect the end result. It is specified in the conclusion that method offered by us could add the existing techniques of histological and chemical research.

How to cite
Nikolsky M. DETERMINATION OF ANATOMICAL AND MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF GRAPES SHOOTS USING SOFTWARE TECHNICAL METHODS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 113–125. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/09.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
340 Кб
18 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.8. 037: 581.143 6
Keywords: CONTAMINATION , CHEMOTHERAPY, GENTAMICIN, CEFOTAXIME, TOXICITY, CONCENTRATION, METHOD OF APPLICATION

Annotation

The article presents the literature data on contamination of cell cultures and plants by Mycoplasma during clonal micro propagation. The severity of contamination and its sources are presented. The necessity of antibacterial chemotherapy based on the ability of antibiotics to inhibit the growth of pathogenic organisms is shown. When choosing antibiotic the necessary condition was the absence of toxic action. In this regard, the object was to develop the methods of decontamination and improvement of qualitative characteristics of plants. Two antibiotics were selected for research: gentamicin and Cefotaxime. The study of the antibiotic gentamicin was carried out during micro propagation of 14 grapes varieties. It was found out that gentamicin promotes the recovery from fungal infections and improves a plant regeneration in 2-3 times. However, the plants show the signs of bacterial infection and the toxic effect of the antibiotic. To reduce the toxicity two-step way of its application into nutrient medium recommended. During the first subcultivation in a nutrient medium gentamicin is added in concentrations of 0.05-0.3 ml/l. It provides a significant recovery from Mycoplasma. In the second subcultivation for full plant recovery we recommend re-use of gentamicin at low concentrations of 0.01-0.04 ml/L. Cefotaxime in concentrations of 50 to 650 mg/l was studied on 5 varieties of grapes. It was established that the antibiotic decreases the contamination by a bacterial infection. It was noted that the action of Cefotaximeis gentler than the action of gentamicin. Its application improves the morphogenesis of cultivated plants. In low infection of plants, the low concentrations of Cefotaxime are effective - 50-250 mg/L. When the infection is to 50 % of plants the concentration of 250-450 mg/L are effective. Methods of decontamination of plants are developed. They are based on the application of the antibiotic gentamicin at a concentration of 0.1-0.01 ml/l or antibiotic Cefotaxime at a concentration of 50 to 450 mg/l depending on the degree of infection in vitro plants.

How to cite
Doroshenko T. ANTIBIOTICS FOR CLONAL GRAPES MICRO PROPAGATION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 126–143. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/10.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
142 Кб
7 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.8.037:581.143.6
Keywords: IN VITRO GRAPES PLANTS, SALICYLIC ACID, ADAPTATION TO UNSTERILE CONDITIONS

Annotation

Objective of this research is study of influence of the salicylic acid added to a nutrient medium on adaptation to unsterile conditions of grapes plants. Object of research is the revitalized of test-tube's plants of grapes of Sibirkovy, Pino Noir and Merlots landed under the unsterile conditions after cultivation on nutrient mediums with various level of content of salicylic acid. The range of the applied concentration is 0,14 to 14 mg/l of a nutrient medium. When the research on adaptation to unsterile conditions of grapes plants are carrying out, the standard method of clonal microreproduction in vitro, applied for fruit and berry crops, and the technique modified in the laboratory of institute are used. During research the positive influence of salicylic acid in survival of grapes plants at their transfer to unsterile conditions is established, but the inhibition of development is often noted in the options where salicylic acid is applied. It is shown that addition of salicylic acid in a nutrient medium increase in preadaptability of the test-tube's of grapes plants to unsterile conditions. It is revealed in experiment that optimal concentration of preparation for different grapes varieties can be differ. In our experiences the concentration of 0,14 and 0,7 mg/l were often the most effective. Such concentrations, as a rule, increase in survival ability and don't effect considerably on the rates of plants development during growing. As result of the carried out research the optimal concentration of salicylic acid in a nutrient medium which are increasing in acclimating of grapes plants and not reducing their growth activity in comparison with control.

How to cite
Rebrov A. APPLICATION OF SALICYLIC ACID FOR INCREASE OF PRE ADAPTABILITY OF TEST-TUBE'S GRAPES PLANTS TO IN VIVO CONDITIONS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 144–150. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/11.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
202 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.8:631.532:631.544
Keywords: GRAPEVINE, CULTURE IN VITRO, NUTRIENT MEDIUM, METHOD OF MULTICRITERIAN OPTIMIZATION, GREAT NUMBER OF SHOOTS

Annotation

One way to improve the efficiency of grapes plants breeding in vitro is the method of induction of multiple shoots on various types of cultural medium. Applying this method, we can significantly increase in the multiplication factor of plants and, therefore, to achieve the increase in the production of planting material free from viral and bacterial infection. The aim of our study was to determine the optimal culture medium for the induction of multiple grapes shoots in vitro by applying the mathematical apparatus of multi-criterial optimization. Study was carried out in the laboratory of tissue culture V.E. Tairov "Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking" on grapes varieties of Mechta, Kobzar, Original. In order to optimize the composition of the nutrient medium for the formation of multiple shoots we tested the various medium options. To improve the efficiency of induction of multiple shoots of grapes plants in the culture in vitro was studied and proved the advantage of using semi-liquid medium in comparison with solid and liquid medium. When using the multi-criterion optimization methods it is determined the optimal nutrient medium, namely a modified semi-solid MS medium, which contributed to a better survival, differentiation, regeneration and productivity of meristems of grapes plants. It is shown that the introduction of an improved method of induction of multiple shoots helped to increase in the multiplication factor of grapes in vitro culture to 1: 9.5, and this method reduced the cost of micro clones of grapes in the early stages of micropropagation by 90%.

How to cite
Tesluk N., . THE USE OF METHOD OF MULTICRITERIAN OPTIMIZATION FOR EVALUATION OF INDUCTION PROCESS FOR THE GREAT NUMBER OF GRAPEVINE SHOOTS IN VITRO [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 151–160. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/12.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Physiology and biochemistry of plants

pdf
162 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 663.252
Keywords: RED GRAPES VARIETIES, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, TECHNOLOGICAL RESERVE, QUALITATIVE COMPOSITION

Annotation

Interest to phenolic substances of red wines is explained by their high biological activity, their participation in the regulation of various processes, and their high reactionary ability. These substances contain more quantity of natural antioxidants providing the prevention of many diseases and correcting the antioxidant status of person. It defines the high importance of red wines for people's food. As object of research we used the red grapes varieties of Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, Saperavi, and also the varieties of new breeding growing in the various viticulture and wine-making zones of Krasnodar Region and the Republic of Crimea. It is carried out the comparative analysis of capacity of phenolic substances for use of products of grapes processing as the wine and concentrates (extracts) to enotherapy. The analysis of the data obtained in the research testifies about an essential difference in concentration of the majority of components of a phenolic complex of red table wines. Thus the different groups of polyphenols have the different types of biological activity. It was established that the red grapes varieties of Saperavi and Cabernet Sauvignon accumulate rather high number of phenolic substances, including anthocyan. Therefore the conclusion is: these grapes varieties can be used for production of wines for their subsequent use in the health resort complex. The grapes varieties of home breeding - Harmony, Krasnostop Anapa, Golubok - are capable to accumulate the bigger number of phenolic substances in comparison with the classic varieties. It allows to recommend these grapes varieties for production of red table wines for using at an enotherapy.

How to cite
Ageeva N., Chemisova L., Markosov V., Ohay Y., Chernousova I., Zaytsev G. COMPOSITION'S STUDY OF THE PHENOL COMPLEX OF RED GRAPES TYPES, GROWING IN THE REPUBLIC OF THE CRIMEA AND IN THE KRASNODAR EDGE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 161–170. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/13.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Phytosanitary condition of plants

pdf
495 Кб
7 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 634.8:632.4
Keywords: VINE, PHYTOPATHOGENES, PHOMOPSIS, MILDEW, OIDIUM WEATHER CONDITIONS

Annotation

Abiotic environmental elements such as climate and weather conditions are the dominant factor, depending on which annually varied the evolution of living organisms. The variability of weather conditions determines the diversity of the environmental conditions in which live and develop living organisms, including pathogens. Viability phytopathogen, as well as the grapes plants, is heavily depend on how the environmental conditions comply with the requirements of the organism and what is the deviation from the optimum of these conditions ensuring its normal development. The article contains the information about changing weather conditions over the past five years in the Rostov Region and their impact on the development and dissemination of plant pathogens. Results of fitomonitoring study indicate that the major change in severity of plant pathogens, depending on weather conditions. Over the last 5 years of observation (2010-2014) showed a trend to some change in meteorological conditions in the Lower Pridonye. Moderate negative temperatures in a winter contribute to the good plants overwintering while maintaining the infective forms of wintering fungal pathogens. However, the weather conditions of the growing season (less than normal rainfall and high air temperature) caused the depressive development of plant pathogens in most phases of vegetation. It has contributed to an increase in yield, improvement of its quality due to better ripening of berries, as well as reduce the number of treatments in the vineyards, which can reduce the pesticide load and improve the environment of ampelocenosis.

How to cite
Arestova N., Ryabchun I. WEATHER INFLUENCE ON PHYTOPATHOGENE'S DEVELOPMENT IN VINE PLANTS UNDER THE CONDITION OF ROSTOV REGION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 171–177. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/14.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
156 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 630.260:630.42.5
Keywords: ROADSIDE WOODED BELTS, VINEYARDS, TECHNOGENIC EMISSIONS OF TRANSPORT, HEAVY METALS

Annotation

Strengthening of technogenic impact on the biosphere has led to warming of climate, degradation of soils and waking of ability of ecosystems to natural restoration. Especially considerably the level of technogenic emission is shown in the roadside agric landscapes where the concentration of heavy metals exceeds in several times the maximal permissible concentration (MPC). The indicator of impurity of agric landscapes considerably depends on the intensity of traffic. On the road sections under the forest protection, the pollution of plants and soil by harmful compounds is observed only in 10-meter zone. Ekological and protection functions of roadside forest belts of various composition and structure have been studied by us in the North-West Black Sea zone in the vineyards crossed by the highway Novorossiysk - Seaport Caucasus, on Cabernet grapes. The analysis of the obtained data showed that on ecological profiles of a roadside vineyard under the conditions of protection by three-row forest belt the content in the berries of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper in 6,5; 40; 5 times exceeded MPC, when 10-row forest belt is used the vineyard is more reliably protected from emission, the content of the same compounds in the berries was 20-30% less, than at 3-row forest planting. In comparison with control the content of the listed compounds in the grapes berries under protection of forest belts is less: lead for 12-47%, cadmium - 11-33, zinc - 37-51, copper - 24-44%. For strengthening of protective properties of forest belts it is necessary to enter in the roadside edges 1-2 row planting of spirea bushes, cotoneaster privet and other crops. When these measures are performing the wine-making farms of Kuban will be able to receive not only qualitative production, but also to increase in the productivity of the vineyards located in the roadside agric landscapes.

How to cite
Pankin M., Netrebenko V. THE ROLE OF ROADSIDE WOODED BELTS OF DIFFERENT SPECIES COMPOSITION AND STRUCTURE IN THE PROTECTION OF VINEYARDS FROM MOTOR EMISSIONS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 178–188. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/15.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Processing of fruit and berries production and grapes

pdf
161 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 15.01.2016
UDC: 663.252
Keywords: TECHNOLOGY, EXTRACTION, WINE MATERIALS, PROPENSITY TO TURBIDITY, VINIFICATION, FENOLIC SUBSTANCES

Annotation

Intensive methods of grapes processing in the our wine industry have led to problem of propensity of table dry red wine-materials to reversible colloidal turbitity. The main objective of our research was the scientific motivation and practical solution to improve the quality of table dry red wines by improving of technological methods of wine materials preparation. In accordance with the purpose we motivated the limitations of various technological methods of primary winemaking and found the optimal modes of mash extraction, allowed to exept the tendency to reversible colloidal turbidity of table dry red wine-materials. The article presents the results of research to identify the main indicators that determine the susceptibility to reversible colloidal turbidity of table dry red wine-materials and their statistical processing. It is concluded that wine materials obtained on the imported equipment, have the lower concentrations of phenolic compounds, proteins, polysaccharides and pectins, which further ensures the achievement of long-term guarantee of stability wines to turbidity with a high quality of finished product. Winematerials obtained on our equipment of high productive capacity contain the high content of phenolic compounds, proteins, and polysaccharides. The high mass concentrations of color substances and polysaccharides further defines a high propensity to reversible colloidal turbidity. Therefore it is recommended to limit the degree of fermentation of sugars in the pulp to 50%. During the fermentation of sugars to 75% on the pulp to use the enzyme preparations and the termovinification temperature not rise above 550C, that further provides to dry red wine materials easier processing and high stability.

How to cite
Sholz-Kulikov E., Kostyuchenko I. INFLUENCE OF TECHNOLOGY OF GRAPES PROCESSING ON THE PROPENSITY TO REVERSIBLE COLLOIDAL CLOUDING OF TABLE DRY RED WINEMATERIALS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 37(1). pp. 189–199. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/01/16.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).