Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Issue: 57(3)

Date posted: 20.05.19

Total articles: 15

Total authors: 44

DOI of issue: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57

Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection

pdf
508 Кб
17 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 658.27:631.162
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-1-17
Keywords: BIOLOGICAL ASSETS, CLASSIFICATION, AGRICULTURE, BIOTRANSFORMATION, BIOLOGICAL ESSENCE OF ORGANISMS

Annotation

The article deals with the issues of improving the asset accounting system in agricultural organizations. It is proved that the distinguishing of biological assets from fixed ones has well-established prerequisites. There is substantiated the necessity of identifying the essence and the wording of the concept characterizing this asset category. This should be done for proper accounting and economic analysis in agricultural organizations of the Russian Federation. There are presented a review of the different scientists views on the "biological assets" concept definition, the existing criteria for biological assets classification. The authors definition of the biological assets is proposed, the classification criteria system is expanded. The criterion recommended by the authors is a sign of the biological nature of the organisms. This means such features of life, which determine the life cycle, the interaction with the environment, organisms nutrition and reproduction special features. In particular, authors proved that organisms different in purpose and results of their use, in their ability for self-production, in life support costs, cannot be attributed to one group of assets. Differences in reproduction and abundance cause the differences in productivity, use value and, consequently, the nature of the book value change. It becomes obvious that the assets of different groups cannot be considered comparable from the point of view of analytic information. It becomes obvious that the assets of different groups cannot be considered comparable in terms of analytic information. This confirms the need for their classification by the proposed criterion. The need to isolate biological assets as such into a large category becomes even more obvious. The economic use of this category of assets has features characteristic of living organisms. Even more obvious is the need to distinguish biological assets as such into a separate large category because the characteristic features of living organisms determine their economic use. Besides, correct classification taking into account the biological essence of various organisms will make agricultural organizations to improve its analytical capabilities when evaluating the efficiency of various types of biological assets reproduction.

How to cite
Lukashova O., Sharabanova O. THE CONCEPT, ESSENCE AND CLASSIFICATION OF BIOLOGICAL ASSETS IN AGRICULTURE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 1–17. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/01.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-1-17 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
453 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 634.1:631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-18-28
Keywords: SWEET CHERRY, VARIETY, BREED-ING, PRODUCTIVITY, LARGE FRUIT SIZE

Annotation

The industrial sweet cherry assortment is the most extensive compared to other stone fruit crops cultivated in the Krasnodar Territory. The problems of new technological varieties creating with high adaptive potential and quality of fruits are becoming particularly relevant now. One of the main problems of breeding is the evaluation of the initial material and the selection of the best parental forms sources and donors of economically valuable traits for use in crossing. This is inextricably linked with the creation and release of a qualitatively new initial material based on the results of scientific research. Studies were conducted under the conditions of the Prikuban gardening zone (Krasnodar). Objects of study sweet cher-ry varieties of ecological and geographical origin, as well as new varieties and hybrids of NCFSCHVW breeding. Scientific studies are made on the basis of generally accepted methods. The article assesses the hybrid sweet cherry posterity according to the nature of the inheritance of economically valuable traits, and proves the possibility of breeding for a high level of individual traits, based on the possibility of combining them in a single organism. The selected forms of sweet cherry of various ripening periods, with high yield capacity, combining large and above-average fruit size with high quality, are selected. Their brief characteristics is given. The patterns of inheritance of valuable traits are revealed, the use of which will allow to increase in the effectiveness in creating the new varieties. To obtain the highly productive varieties of sweet cherry that are resistant to the main stressors, with fruits of high tasty and commodity qualities, it is recommended to involve in the breeding of new promising varieties of Alaya, Mak, Volshebnitsa, Krupnoplodnaya, Vasilisa, Talisman, Donetskiy Ugoliok, Anons, as well as the varieties steadily fruitful and well prov-en in the conditions of the Krasnodar Terri-tory Francis, Kavkazskaya, Franzuskaya Chiornaya and others.

How to cite
Alehina E. BREEDING EVALUATION OF SWEET CHERRY VARIETY`S FORMS ON COMPLEX OF ECONOMICALLY VALUABLE SIGNS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 18–28. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/02.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-18-28 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
740 Кб
22 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 634.8 : 631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-29-50
Keywords: CLIMATE, GRAPES, VARIETY, PHENOLOGY, ECOLOGICAL-GEOGRAPHICAL GROUP

Annotation

The effects of climate change and their impact on agriculture, including viticulture, have became an actual problem. Typical for Russian viticulture are low-temperature stresses in a winter, excessively high temperatures and an acute deficit of precipitation in summer. The studies were carried out on the Anapa (Anapa) and the Don (Novocherkassk) ampelographic collections, 350 km apart. In the Anapa region, a change in air temperature is accompanied by a change in the beginning of the grape vegetation phases at a later date. In the varieties of the Western European ecological-geographical group, there was a reduction in the period from bud break up to the beginning of flowering: in technical varieties for 9 days, and in the table varieties for 2 days. The period from the beginning of flowering to the beginning of ripening of berries was shorten for 3 days for technical varieties and for 6 days for table ones. A similar trend is for technical varieties of the eastern eco-geographical group. A tendency to reduce the period from bud break to the beginning of grape ripening for a period of 5 to 26 days has been found for varieties of Western European and Eastern groups as well as for group of the Black Sea coast. In the Don area, the beginning of bud blooming has not changed in only 2 varieties (Muscadel, Plavai), in other varieties it occurs 1-4 days earlier. The beginning of flowering did not change for Galan variety, but for Aligote variety it became 2 days later, in all other studied varieties this process began earlier up to 7 days. The duration of the period from the beginning of bud blooming to flowering in 3 varieties did not change, in 6 varieties increased in 1-3 days, for the other 14 varieties decreased in 1-5 days.

How to cite
Petrov V., Aleynikova G., Novikova L., Naumova L., Lukyanova A. THE INFLUENCE OF CLIMATE CHANGES THE GRAPE PHENOLOGY [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 29–50. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/03.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-29-50 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
550 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 634.8.06
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-51-59
Keywords: GRAPES, VARIETAL COMPOSITION, RIPENING TIME, GENE POOL, AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION

Annotation

There are 4911 varieties of table and technical grapes are in the ampelographic collection of the Anapa Zonal Experimental Station now. This collection is replenished annually due to introductions, breeding of hybrids, searching for wild forms. The dominant part of the collection's gene pool belongs to the species Vitis vinifera L., about 2 % comes from Vitis labrusca L., the single varieties belong to some other types of grapes. As a result of the varietal composition analysis of table grapes according to the timing of maturation, a relatively identical quantitative selection of varieties annually are established. It allows you to create an economically viable conveyor of production and sale of table grapes, taking into account the specifics of the resort area of the Black Sea coast. Of particular value are varieties of early and super early ripening, which provide the highest profitability of table viticulture, but it is not enough in the assortment of early ripening varieties, and this problem is very important for the resort Southern areas. There is a great need for stable table grape varieties with large, elegant bunches and berries with unusual shape and beautiful color of the berries, characterized by high taste qualities. According to these parameters, the highest selling price of grapes is formed. Analysis of the composition of technical grape varieties revealed their quantitative varietal ratio in the processing of grape products. This makes it possible to evenly load the capacity of the plants for the production of wine. It is shown in the article that favorable weather conditions contributed to the full flowering pollination of grapevines. Therefore, the bunches were aligned and full at the main quantity of varieties. In this regard, the share of technical varieties with a harvest of up to 90 quintals per hectare decreased by 30 % compared to 2015. And the share of varieties with a yield of more than 150 centners per hectare increased.

How to cite
., Kovalenko A., Razzhivina J. ANALYSIS OF VARIETAL GRAPES COMPOSITION ACCORDING TO RIPENING IN THE AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION OF THE ANAPA ZONAL EXPERIMENTAL STATION OF VITICULTURE AND WINEMAKING [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 51–59. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/04.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-51-59 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
478 Кб
12 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 634.8:631.524.01/.7:631.526.32/.542.3 (470.75)
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-60-71
Keywords: GRAPES, INDIGENOUS VARIETIES, LOCAL VARIETIES, VARIETY`S AGROTECHNOLOGY, FRUITFULNESS RATIO, YIELD

Annotation

The aim of this work is to assess the potential fruitfulness, determine the maximum zone of the values of the coefficient of fruiting, to carried out a regression analysis of the dependence of the inflorescences buds on the placement of buds along the length of the vine of indigenous and local grapes in the Black Sea region of Crimea to further determine the bush`s load and the pruning length of fruit vines. The study were carried out according to generally accepted methods and methodological developments in viticulture. In the Mountain-Valley Seaside Region of the Black Sea agroecological zone of the South Coast Crimea, the zone of maximum values of the coefficient of fruiting of grape plants is defined from 7 to 10 buds along the length of the shoot. The studied grape varieties of Kokur White and Sary Pandas, according to the results of the study, of very high values of the fruiting coefficient, respectively 1.67 and 1.74; Kefesia variety of low coefficient (0.5); Ekim Kara high ones (0.96), Asma table medium ones (0.82). A close correlation was established between the embryonic fruitful-ness of the central buds and the ordinal number of the ocelli along the length of the grape vine. Based on a summary of research results, the regulation of the pruning length of fruit vines has been optimized, which will ensure an increase in the production of grape products. The most productive zone along the length of fruit vines was selected as a potential for future yield. It is indicated that technological solutions should be made to quality: regionalization of varieties taking into account the selection of soil and climatic growing conditions, agricultural technology of the varieties, starting with the determination of potential fruitfulness, aimed at the potential stability of grape varieties taking into account the specialization of the use of raw materials.

How to cite
Beibulatov M., Yrdenko N., Tihomirova N., Buivol R. CAPACITY ASSESSMENT OF ABORIGINAL AND LOCAL GRAPEVINE CULTIVARS FOR MANAGING HARVEST FORMATION PROCESS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 60–71. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/05.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-60-71 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
518 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 634.711:581.1(470.621)
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-72-81
Keywords: RASPBERRY, IN VITRO CULTURE, FIELD CONDITIONS, ADAPTABILITY

Annotation

The problem of collecting and preservation raspberry types and varieties acquires a special relevance in connection with reduction of a genetic variety. The genbancks biodiversity remains generally in the field collections, in vitro conditions and in the cryocollections. The adaptation problem the culture tube of plants is of interest at their transfer to natural conditions. The collection of VIR (St. Petersburg) in vitro are presented by 114 specimens of raspberry from which in a basic collection of branch of the Maykop experimental station of VIR the implanted microplants of 14 raspberry varie-ties were transferred to study their viability in the field conditions and also to estimate them on a complex eco-nomic-valuable signs, resistance to abiotic and biotic stress factors, peculiar to a foothill zone of the Republic of Adyghea. All collection specimens are studied on a complex of indexes: the condition of plants after the rewintering, observing for development phases, productivity and quality of berries, drought- and heat tolerance, resistance to fungi pathogens. Standard techniques of specimens assessment are used. After transfer of specimens in natural conditions of all culture tube plants showed good survival. To fall the length of shoots of Babie Leto, Zhuravlik, Mandarin, Meteor, Rubinovaya, Solnishko, Sputnitsa varieties were more than 75 cm. The general condition of plants was estimated on 4-5 points. Test tube plants of raspberry replaced in natural conditions quite easily adapt, well grow and develop. It allows to study their morfo-biological characteristics, to reveal the valuable signs, and to estimate the degree of specimen`s adaptability to abiotic and biotic stress factors of the Southern zone of Russia.

How to cite
Dobrenkov E., Semenova L. ADAPTATION OF RASPBERRY PLANTS FROM THE COLLECTION IN VITRO VIR TO FIELD CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTHERN REGION OF RUSSIA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 72–81. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/06.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-72-81 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Resource potential of the agricultural territories

pdf
648 Кб
13 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 634.8.047:528.94:551.509.3:581. 524.44(470.75)
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-82-94
Keywords: GRAPE VARIETY, ECOTOPE, HEAT SUPPLY, FROST THREAT, AGRO-ECOLOGIC RESOURCES, CARTOGRAPHIC MODEL

Annotation

Agroclimatic conditions have a great influence the efficiency of agricultural crops growing, the yield quality and quantity and the general phytosanitary condition of biocenoses. The Crimean peninsula has the favorable natural conditions for the cultivation of industrial grapes. However, at present, the potential of agroclimatic resources are used, not in full when placing the industrial plantations. Temporal trends in the change of the agro-ecological data have been analyzed in the artocle. Analysis revealed the tendency to enough rapid increase in such indicators as the average annual air temperature and the sum of active temperatures above 10 º. It was established that the annual precipitation on the territory of the Crimean peninsula also demonstrated an upward tendency, however, at a rather low rate; while the frost-threat level expressed as the value of the mean absolute minimum of the air temperature didnt have a clear upward or downward tendency. A cartographic model was developed to allow a long-term forecasting of the spatial distribution of the agro-ecologic resources on the territory of the Crimean peninsula including the data for 2035 and 2050. Based on the data obtained, the climate of the Crimean peninsula has a tendency to warming. At the same time, pre-requisites are being formed to expand the areas suitable for cultivation of late and medium-late ripening grape varieties that require the higher heat provision of the cultivation area. However, it is not possible to speak About expanding the zone boundaries for open-earth cultivation of the grapevine culture, as winter minimums of air temperatures do not demonstrate an upward tendency. It is imperative to keep the obtained data in mind when new vineyards are being established, as, due to temporal ecotope boundary changes, a vineyard planted in the optimal agro-ecologic conditions can over time turn to be on the territory of an ecotope that does not meet the requirements of a particular grape variety.

How to cite
Ribalko E., Baranova N. DEVELOPMENT OF PROMISING MAPPING MODELS TO ESTIMATE SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF AGROECOLOGICAL RESOURCES ON THE TERRITORY OF CRIMEAN PENINSULA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 82–94. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/07.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-82-94 (request date: 28.03.2024).

General agrotechnics (systems, technology)

pdf
603 Кб
14 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 004.02 : 634.1
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-95-108
Keywords: DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES, PRECISE GARDENING, APPLE TREE

Annotation

The introduction of digital technologies in agriculture is becoming relevant, as well as in other industry branches. Dig-ital technology is essential for gardeners to optimize productivity, increase in manageability of horticultural operations, and increase profitability. Currently, in Russia only 10 % of the land is cultivated using the digital technologies, the non-use of new technologies leads to a loss of up to 40 % of the crop. Considering the need to overcome the technological lag behind developed countries, it is assumed that the share of the digital technology market in agriculture will grow every year, and to 2026 the market of information and computer technologies in the industry should grow at least in five times. The Ministry of Agriculture intend to confirm the Digital Agriculture program at the government level for its inclusion in the Digital Economy program. All the achievements in the world in the field of digital technology, from robot-farmers to automated green-houses, may become the part of the future, when in 2050 almost 10 billion people will live on the planet, and therefore the world needs to increase food production to meet needs of the population, and perhaps just new digital technologies will help to achieve this goal. The use of robot technics in the production of fruit crops will lead to the possibility of planting more intensive gardens with a compacted scheme and the corresponding formation of tree crowns for the convenience of managing the processes in the garden, which will ensure high yield. The article presents a brief analysis of literary sources on modern digital technologies and examines the recent global developments in the field of precision gardening and the advantages of their implementation.

How to cite
Karpushina M., Russo D. APPLICATION OF MODERN DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES IN HORTICULTURE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 95–108. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/08.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-95-108 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Manage environmental and food safety

pdf
655 Кб
16 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 631 (471.63)
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-109-124
Keywords: ORGANIC PRODUCTS, ORGANIC AGRICULTURE, WINE, GRAPES, SOCIAL INTERROGATION

Annotation

The actuality of problem of organic production in the Crimea has been studied based on the results of sociological interrogation conducted using questionnaire method and the current situation with wine consumption in Russia was analyzed, based on available analytical data. The questionnaire comprised the questions on ecological awareness of the population and organic products consumption. It is established that the majority of respondents demonstrated awareness on organic agriculture (69 %) and on the negative impact of pesticides on human health (87 %), which attests to high ecological awareness of the Crimea population, as a whole. Note was made on the high readiness of the Crimeans to buy organic agricultural production grown without pesticides and other agrochemicals, even if it is higher in price. The most acceptable for the Crimeans price adjustment for organic production was established at the rate of 20 %, as compared to non-organic products. A high level of mistrust was revealed for such markings as eco, organic, bio, etc. on the labels, as well as negative correlation between the trust level to labels and ecological awareness of the population as related to the negative impact of pesticides on health (r = 0,19). As a result of questionnaire analysis it is established low level of grape wine consumption among the medium-income population of Crimea (the majority of respondents buy wine once a month at most, if at all), and a high frequency of fresh fruit purchase (81 % of respondents buy fruit once per week or more often). The need to produce the own organic food products in Crimea to increase its touristic attractiveness was noted. The basic products that are the trademark of Crimea, according to the respondents, are grapes, wine and figs.

How to cite
Volkov Y., Matveikina E., Volkova M., Stranishevskaya E. PERSPECTIVES FOR ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN THE CRIMEA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 109–124. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/09.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-109-124 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
514 Кб
13 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 632.95:634.8
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-125-137
Keywords: FUNGICIDES, TEBUKONAZOL, SOIL, SUPRESSION, SECONDARY WINE WASTE

Annotation

Organic fungicides of systemic action are applied in the vineyards more than two decades to fight against fungal diseases, which led to the soil contamination of cultivated plantings. In the process of studying their degradation, the toxic compounds were found, which persist for a long time in the soil of agricultural land, and reduce the soil suppression indicators. The organic fungicides of the systemic action of the triazole group (falcon, universal, kolosal, kolosal pro) are unificated by the presence in their composition of the tebuconazole active substance, distinguished by the duration and stability in the soil of the cultivated grape plantings. This fact dictates the need to increase in the suppression of the soil, affecting the detoxification of toxic inclusions. The study of the influence of soil suppression enriched with biologi cal fertilizer from wine-making waste the tebuconazole detoxification is the goal of this work. Tebuconazole residues in the soil were determined according to generally accepted methods using a Color 500M gas chromatograph. It has been established that the treatments of vineyards against fungal diseases with fungicides of the systemic action of the triazole group lead to soil contamination with tebuconazole. Long-term use in the vineyards of fungicides containing a tebuconazole, showed that by the period of the next treatment its concentration in the soil exceeds the permissible rate (up to 7.90 MAC). It was revealed that 2-fold introduction of biomaterial from wine-making waste into the soil of vineyards increases the properties of soil suppressiveness, activating the process of detoxifying tebuconazole from 7.9 to 3.3 MPC. The partial detoxication of tebuconazole has been established by the enrichment of the soil with natural compounds in the form of wastes from the grape industry. The need to use this kind of organic fertilizer as a detoxifying agents require further development of the modification of its functional composition and physical-biochemical properties.

How to cite
Vorobyova T., Podgornaya M., Belkov A. THE INFLUENCE OF SOIL SUPPRESSION THE DETOXIFICATION OF TEBUCONAZOLE IN THE AMPELOCENOSES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 125–137. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/10.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-125-137 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Processing of fruit and berries production and grapes

pdf
548 Кб
12 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 664.8:634.11
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-138-149
Keywords: GRAPES, APPLES, POMACES, PARAMETERS, BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

Annotation

The complex of biologically active substances in fruits and berries of the Kuban, optimally adapted to the Southern climate, allows you to the select the individual crops and varieties with high biological activity, which is characterized by a set of various vital and physiologically significant components that can provide the daily rate of BAS for the human body. Research is carried out of qualitative structure of fruits of an apple-tree and berries of grapes, according to varieties, revealing of the general regularity of change of BAS content in dynamics. Parameters of increase in an allocation of biologically active agents, such as are determined a type of the used raw materials, its extent of crushing, temperature change of processing, selection of processing equipment. Research of chemical indicators of pomace quality from secondary raw materials are conducted in the process of production of apple and grape juice. The effect of the optimal temperature regime 35-40 º of infrared drying apple juice is represented by higher rates of fiber, pectin and minerals. For each type of raw material and conditions of the process, there is a minimum particle size: for apple row material no more than 0,3 mm, for grape no more than 0,4 mm, in which the total internal and external diffusion resistance is minimal, facilitating a more rapid extraction of biologically active substances. Due to optimum selection of processing equipment on a powder production line from an apple or grape pomace, it is possible to adjust the influence of physical and biochemical mechanisms and to considerably reduce the speed of technological process and to increase in the selection of biologically active substances in a digestible form. The results of laboratory research of powder from apple (Prikubanskoy) and grape pressing (Cabernet) pomaces are presented.

How to cite
Prichko T., Droficheva N., Gorlov S. PARAMETERS OF EXTRACTION INTENSIFICATION OF BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES FROM APPLE AND GRAPE ROW MATERIALS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 138–149. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/11.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-138-149 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
528 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 663.051.2
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-150-158
Keywords: GRAPES, GRAPE POMACES, PHENOLIC COMPOUNDS, POWDER, BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE SUBSTANCES

Annotation

When processing grapes in the wine-making and non-alcoholic industry, a significant amount (from 15 to 20%) of waste is generated, the rational use of which makes it possible to obtain additional products of great interest and value for a number of sectors of the national economy. The most important direction of increasing in the efficiency of modern wineries is the processing of secondary resources, including grape pomace, containing a large amount of dietary fiber (DF), which are mainly concentrated in the cell wall of the pulp and skin of the grapes. Secondary raw materials obtained during the processing of grapes can serve as the basis for the production of new types of finished products with valuable and consumer properties of high biological value. Grape pomace has a rich chemical composition (they contain sugar in the form of fructose and glucose, pectin, organic acids, crude protein, fiber, calcium, phosphorus, polyphenolic compounds, vitamins). This article shows a study of the quality of grape pomace and powder obtained from dry raw material of drape pomace to reveal the possibility of grape powder using as an enriching component that will be a part of new types of finished products. As an objects of research, the pomace samples were taken after fermentation from red grapes and freshly squeezed white grape varieties from the 2017 harvest. The article describes the mechanical composition of dry raw materials, as well as the chemical composition of grape powder. The conclusion is made of the possibility of using a powder obtained from grape pomace as an enriching component with biological value in the composition of the new types of finished products.

How to cite
Karpenko E., Gorlov S., Yazushko E., Tyagusheva A. PROSPECTS OF THE USE OF SECONDARY RAW MATERIAL OBTAINED IN THE PROCESSING OF GRAPES FOR RECEIVING OF NEW TYPES OF PRODUCTS WITH ENHANCED BIOLOGICAL VALUE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 150–158. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/12.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-150-158 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
486 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 663.263
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-159-168
Keywords: RED TABLE WINES, BATONAGE, YEAST, TEMPERATURE, CONTACT DURATION, PHENOL COMPOUNDS

Annotation

Batonage is a technological method, which is a prolonged contact of wine materials with yeast sediment, with occasional stirring. Batonage`s use in the technology of white table wines leads to an improvement in their taste and aroma due to the enrichment of wine with yeast cell components. The specificity of red table wines is the presence of high concentrations of phenolic substantiate that affect the metabolism process between the cell and the wine material. Modes of batonage in the production of red wines should take into account the presence of various forms of polyphenols. In this regard, the purpose of the work was to justify the parameters and modes of batonage in the technology of red wines. As a result of the research, the secretion of hydrolytic enzymes and lipids from the yeast cell to the wine material was established. The activity of proteinases and glucanases in yeast biomass decreased as they matured, reaching the lowest values after 1.5 month. During the batonage, the concentration of both the sum of phenolic compounds and anthocyanins also decreased. At the same time, double batonage contributed to a greater decrease in the concentration of phenolic compounds. The results obtained indicate a slow dynamics of the transition of lipids from yeast cell to the medium during the batonage process. Of the individual components of the fatty acid series, the concentration of diglycerides and triglycerides, as well as sterol esters, increased most noticeably in percent. Lowering the temperature of contact of the wine material with yeast biomass led to a slowdown in the processes of mass transfer between the cell and the medium. Based on the results of the research, the recommendations were given to the producters according to the batonage regime.

How to cite
Ageeva N., Birukova S., Lisovets U. SUBSTANTIATION OF THE PARAMETERS AND BATONAGE REGIMES IN THE TECHNOLOGY OF THE RED TABLE WINES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 159–168. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/13.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-159-168 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
471 Кб
13 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 663.252
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-169-181
Keywords: RED AND WHITE TABLE WINES, ANTIBIOTICS, NISIN, CONSUMER SAFETY, CAPILLARY ELECTROPHORESIS, ORGANIC ACIDS

Annotation

New knowledge was obtained about the conformity to natural lows of changes in physicochemical and organoleptic indicators of wine production in the presence of a preservation of microbial origin of nisin (food supplement E234), which will become the basis for the technological foundation of additional processing of sorbents for wine materials aimed to increasing in their consumer safety and quality. It was established in the process of research that in the experimental samples of wine with the addition of nisin all analyzed parameters ( volume fraction of ethyl alcohol, mass concentration of sugars, mass concentration of titrated acids in terms of tartaric acid, mass concentration of volatile acids in terms of acetic acid, mass concentration of the above extract, mass concentration of citric acid, mass concentration of total sulfur dioxide, organic acids, phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins for red wines) the physical-chemical composition of the test samples of wines remained unchanged, and remained at the same level as in the control samples. Study carried out of white and red wines with the addition of nisin showed that during the aging the typical oxidation-reduction processes are occurred typical to the wine aging process. The most significant was the change in the mass concentration of organic acids, which mainly affects the taste and, consequently, the quality of the wine. As a result of the analysis of experimental data, it was established that the control and testing samples had the same organoleptic characteristics and tasting score. Dry white table wine has a straw color, pure wine aroma with flower shades, corresponding to wine type; full harmonious fresh taste, without extraneous shades.

How to cite
Antonenko M., Guguchkina T., Markovskiy M., Abakumova A., Antonenko O. CHANGE OF PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF WINES UNDER THE NIZIN ACTION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 169–181. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/14.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-169-181 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Decorative shapes of garden rocks and grapes in the landscape construction

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583 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 20.05.2019
UDC: 635.914:747
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-182-192
Keywords: WEAKLY GROWING AND SMALL FLOWERING ROSES, VARIETY, INTERIOR DESIGN

Annotation

A retrospective analysis of the culture of roses in the industrial horticulture of the world, a review of the rose assortment of various garden groups and special agrotechnical methods of plants cultivation in an open ground and in greenhouses is carried out. The relevance of the variety study of this plants group and the prospects for its use in the phytodesign are substantiated. The objects are low growing varieties from spray rose groups, miniature roses, and interior design projects with their participation. At the first stage of the work, a study of the assortment in collection of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW was carried out and selected the varieties of roses from these groups for landscaping the designed interiors. In the working process, the most demanded options in a modern style were selected. The main ideas of the projects were the creation of a constructive connection of plant composition with the modern interior and the architectural and planning purpose of the room, corresponding with biological features of plants. Designed interiors within the boundaries of a single room included the rose compositions of the Regensberg and Clementine varieties, and color potpourri from plants of different varieties: Malchik-s-Palchik, Bridal Meillandina, Thumbelina. Depending on the level of natural illumination, the plants were placed in a sub window space or central zone. To the care of plants (watering, fertilizer, spraying, pruning, etc.) the design solutions assumed free access zones. The use of roses in gardening contributed to a significant increase in the artistic expression of the environment. The main organizational ideas of the developed projects were the creation of a constructive connection of the plant composition with the participation of roses to the stylistics of the modern interior, adherence to the principles of rationalism, functionality and aesthetics. This approach provided the artistic Expressiveness and uniqueness of design projects and allowed to create a special emotionally active interior, ensuring the cultural integrity of the object, which united the plants with the objective world.

How to cite
Tyshchenko E., Sergeeva G. SMALL-FLOWERED ROSES IN THE INTERIOR [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 57(3). pp. 182–192. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/03/15.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-3-57-182-192 (request date: 28.03.2024).