Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Pankin Mikhail
Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking
Articles in journal: (total 25)
The article is dedicated to the 78th anniversary of Victory in the Great Fatherland War. It reflects the typical facts of biography of Great Fatherland War veteran, at the beginning of a researcher, and then for 11 years the director of the Anapa zonal experimental station of Viticulture and winemaking Sergenko Stepan Semenovich.
Regularities of wine quality formation, their physical and chemical and biological parameters depending from the agronomic factors are revealed as a result of years research. The mathematical models that can control the process of creation of wine quality are worked out
The article is devoted to the history of one of the oldest scientific institutions in the viticulture and winemaking branch of Russia - Anapa Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking. The role of the heads of the Station during the period from the creation of institution to the present time is given. The history of the Station is inextricably connected with the history of the country - the pre-revolutionary period, the 1917 Revolution, the Civil War, the post-war period, World War II, restoration period and modern time. At each historical stage the heads of scientific institution have tested for professionalism. The evaluation of all that have made for 105 year period on the Station allow us to select a few of them, whose activity were the most important and productive for organization. First of all: Zhurbey P.E. - the founder of exemplary estates on wine-making with an experienced field of viticulture of Kuban Cossack Army; Committee members for management of Experimental Station - Krasnokutsky V.P.; Keller A.V., Tseydler E.D., which under the hardest conditions were able to organize the work of Station; Professor Merzhanian A.S., which in the thirties of the twentieth century formed a close team of scientists at the Station by attracting of talented professionals; Balayuev A.V., who organized in the war time the continuation of research in the Georgia evacuation and after returning from evacuation to Anapa; Safaryan A.M. and Zhukov A.I. which in the turbulent period for development of viticulture in the Soviet Union in 60-80 years have done much for the scientific ensuring of brunch, especially for implementation of the graft grapes culture in the Kuban region.
The article is devoted to the memorial date - the 105 anniversary of the decision for the organization of an experimental organization. This article tells about employees of the Anapa's Zonal Experimental Station of Viticulture and Wine-making. Long-term work of these employees contributed to the development of home vine and wine-making science. They worked at the Experimental Station a different number of years. Some of them came to AZESV&W when they have been honored and respected scientist and specialists, others came after graduating of institute and in a few time working they have left for another scientific institutions and became there the real scientists, other employers after working in 10-20 years at the station became the honored and respected scientists of AZESV&W. The article also focused on a vital way of Station's employees devoted more than forty years of their working life to activity on the Anapa's Experimental Station of Viticulture and Winemaking.
Strengthening of technogenic impact on the biosphere has led to warming of climate, degradation of soils and waking of ability of ecosystems to natural restoration. Especially considerably the level of technogenic emission is shown in the roadside agric landscapes where the concentration of heavy metals exceeds in several times the maximal permissible concentration (MPC). The indicator of impurity of agric landscapes considerably depends on the intensity of traffic. On the road sections under the forest protection, the pollution of plants and soil by harmful compounds is observed only in 10-meter zone. Ekological and protection functions of roadside forest belts of various composition and structure have been studied by us in the North-West Black Sea zone in the vineyards crossed by the highway Novorossiysk - Seaport Caucasus, on Cabernet grapes. The analysis of the obtained data showed that on ecological profiles of a roadside vineyard under the conditions of protection by three-row forest belt the content in the berries of lead, cadmium, zinc and copper in 6,5; 40; 5 times exceeded MPC, when 10-row forest belt is used the vineyard is more reliably protected from emission, the content of the same compounds in the berries was 20-30% less, than at 3-row forest planting. In comparison with control the content of the listed compounds in the grapes berries under protection of forest belts is less: lead for 12-47%, cadmium - 11-33, zinc - 37-51, copper - 24-44%. For strengthening of protective properties of forest belts it is necessary to enter in the roadside edges 1-2 row planting of spirea bushes, cotoneaster privet and other crops. When these measures are performing the wine-making farms of Kuban will be able to receive not only qualitative production, but also to increase in the productivity of the vineyards located in the roadside agric landscapes.