Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Bogatyreva Svetlana
Articles in journal: (total 13)
In the article biochemical features of forma-tion of stability of plum varieties in the an-nual cycle of development are presented.
The new plum varieties of NCRRIH&V breeding with economically valuable traits recommended for adaptive technologies of cultivation and breeding are presented in the article.
The results of plum breeding in the South of Russia are presented in the article. The hybrid plum forms have got using a wide variety of a genetic collection of the North Caucasian Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture. These forms will be a basis for expansion of the existing assortment of this crop in the South of Russia and their use in the further breeding work. It is shown that the hybrid seedlings of NCRRH&V breeding have a rather high level of winter hardiness and resistance to the main diseases because in the process of their creation were used the highly adaptive plum varieties, such as Kabardinskaya Rannia, Prikubanskaya, Vengerka Albakha, President, Osennia and others. It is specified that the key importance in the process of variety creation has a selection of parental plum couples, possessing a complex of positive signs. The selection of valuable parental forms sources of a complex of the signs, accelerating the breeding process, is possible as a result of use of a plum gene pool. The created hybrid forms are selected on adaptability (winter hardiness, resistance to diseases), and productivity (fast bearing, yielding) and quality of fruits (weight, size, tasting assessment). As a result of the carried out research it is selected the high winter-hardy hybrids such as 17-6-80, 17-6-82, 17-6-110, 17-6-123, and also 17-6-80 and 17-6-82 forms steady against the main diseases. The assessment of technical fruits indicators of the studied hybrids and productivity of plum seedlings has allowed to select the top quality, fast bearing and fruitful forms: 17-6-82 (19,8 kg / tree), 17-6-110 (21,0 kg / tree) and 17-6-123 (33,5 kg / tree). The short characteristic of the perspective plum hybrid forms selected in the course of breeding is presented in the article.
The results of long-term work on selection and study of stone fruit crops in the North Caucasian Regional Research Institute of Horticulture and Viticulture are presented in the article. By the results of research the donors and sources of valuable signs that are recommended for breeding programs, and also perspective varieties of plums, cherries, and sweet cherries for industrial production in the conditions of the south of Russia are selected