Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Petrov Valeri
Articles in journal: (total 85)
The stability of grapes types of different origin to the complex of the abiotic stress factors of summer period of Anapo-Taman zone is studied. On the basis of determination of anatomical-morphological and physiological and biochemical indexes it is established that the hybrids of Euro-American origin possess the combined stability to the stress factors of summer periods.
In the conditions of local and global climate change, the problem of optimizing the grape range is topical for the industry of Russian viticulture. The purpose of this work is to study the agrobiological properties of grape varieties of different ecogeographical origin under the conditions of the temperate continental climate of Southern Russia, the revealing of the most valuable varieties for use in breeding and industrial production. The work was carried out in the Black Sea agroecological zone of viticulture of the Krasnodar Territory on the ampelographical collection (Ana-pa) in 2007-2015. As a research object, grape varieties of different groups were used according to their ecological and geographic origin, intraspecific and interspecies hybrids. In the process of research the varietal differences were established and grape varieties were distinguished for a combination of positive features for use in breeding and industrial production. On adaptivity to minimum air temperatures in abnormal weather conditions, wintering (-20 C), varieties of interspecies hybrids are identified. They have got the highest degree of discordance of buds after wintering 68 %, and the smallest proportion of blooming duds was in the varieties Convar occidentalis Negr. 55%. Convar orientalis Negr was the largest group of bunches. 293.1 g. The highest yield the grapes of intraspecific hybrids showed 8.22 kg / bush, the lowest yield (5.91 kg / bush) and the highest sugar content and glucoacidometric index were in Convar occidentalis Negr. According to the set of positive features, the grapes varieties of Barkhatny, Murvedr, Stepniak and Tarnau are promising for use in breeding and industrial production in the agroecological conditions of Southern Russia.
Resistance of grapes to gray rot (Botrytis cinerea Pers) is established on the basis of long-term studies of Anapas ampelographical collection gene pool the groups of varieties with different resistance depending on the ecological and geographical origin are allocated.
Resistance of grapes to bacterial cancer (agrobacterium tumefaciens (Smith et Town.) Conn) is established on the basis of long-term studies of Anapas ampelographical collection gene pool, the groups of varieties with different resistance depending on the ecological, geographical and genetic origin are allocated.
Highly productivity protoclones of Saperavi grape are selected in the industrial plantings of grapes by method of clonal selection in the agro-climatic conditions of Taman. Protoclones characterized by high productivity of grapes, high quality vine production, have increased resistance to frost and pests