Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Marmorshtein Anna Aleksandrovna


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Articles in journal: (total 34)

pdf
495 Кб
15 с.
General agrotechnics (systems, technology)
Date posted: 01.08.2023
UDC: 634.8: 631.54
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-4-82-149-163
Keywords: GRAPES, SHOOTS, BUNCHES, BUSH, LOAD, YIELD CAPACITY

Annotation

Rationing the bush load with shoots and bunches allows to effectively manage the productivity of grapes. The research is to study the productive variability of grapes under the influence of differentiation of bush load with shoots and bunches, to optimize the regulations of agrotechnology of the table variety Livia (Flamingo × Arcadia) on the Oppenheim SO4 rootstock. The research was carried out in the Central Agroecological viticulture zone of the Krasnodar region, in vineyards with drip irrigation. Planting scheme is 3.8×2.0 m. The variety has a high responsiveness to the optimization of the structural elements of the bush. There is a change in the bunch size and the yield capacity of grapes when varying the number of vegetative and generative organs in plants. This makes it possible to optimize the regulations of bush management for obtaining high yields and large bunches of grapes. The largest bunch size, 567 g, is formed in the presence of 25 shoots and 28 bunches per bush; the highest yield capacity, 23.34 t/ha, including commodity yield capacity 20.59 t/ha, is formed with 25 shoots and 33-35 bunches per bush. Grape yield capacity against the background of increased and reduced bush load with bunches are in a strong and direct correlation with the shoot load. Against the background of an increased load of bushes with bunches, the correlation coefficient is r = 0.71; with a reduced load, r = 0.99. Against the background f a moderate load of bushes with bunches, the correlation dependence of grape yield capacity on the number of shoots is moderate and direct (r = 0.49). The bunch weight of grapes is in close and medium direct dependence on the load of bushes with shoots, close and average inverse dependence on their number.

How to cite
Petrov V., Fisyura A., Marmorshtein A. OPTIMIZATION OF THE GRAPE BUSHES LOAD WITH SHOOTS AND BUNCHES OF THE LIVIA TABLE VARIETY ON THE SO4 ROOTSTOCK [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2023. № 82(4). pp. 149–163. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/23/04/12.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-4-82-149-163 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
496 Кб
12 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 02.06.2023
UDC: 634.8: 551.58
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-3-81-216-227
Keywords: NORMALIZATION OF BUSHES, FRUITFULNESS COEFFICIENT, YIELD CAPACITY, BUNCH WEIGHT, SHOOT PRODUCTIVITY

Annotation

The article considers the issue of the impact of the load of table grape bushes with shoots and bunches on plant productivity. The place of research is the fourth subzone of the Central Agroecological Zone of viticulture of the Krasnodar region, characterized by a moderate continental climate and lowhumus, leached powerful chernozems as soils. As an object of research after exploratory studies in 2021, among different table grape varieties (Gurman Kraynova, Dubovskiy rozovyi, Kishmish Dubovskiy and Centennial Seedless), the Centennial Seedless variety was selected as promising for studying the load of bushes with shoots and bunches according to the parameters of the proportion of fruiting shoots (93 %), the bunch weight (0.73 kg) and the productivity of the shoot (0.73 kg per shoot). According to the indicator complex in the first year of research after the experimental field trial, the following variants of bush loading with shoots and bunches were distinguished: the control first variant (35 shoots and 27 bunches per bush after breaking-off shoots) by the proportion of dead buds (16.7 %) and fruiting shoots (72.5 %), the number of inflorescences (30 pcs.), the fruitfulness coefficient k1 (0.75), yield capacity (26.7 t/ha) and shoot productivity (0.59 kg per shoot); the fourth variant (23 shoots and 21 bunches) according to the fruitfulness coefficient k1 (0.81) and the productivity of the shoot (0.7 kg per shoot), the fifth variant (23 shoots and 15 bunches) according to the fruitfulness coefficient k2 (1.45), the bunch weight (0.91 kg), the loss from the bush (0.33 kg) and the productivity of the shoot (0.56 kg per shoot), the seventh variant (17 shoots and 15 bunches) according to the proportion of dead buds (16 %), fruitfulness coefficients k1 (0.81) and k2 (1.55); the ninth variant (13 shoots and 8 bunches) according to the proportion of fruiting shoots (61.5 %), fruitfulness coefficient k1 (0.77) and shoot productivity (0.55 kg per shoot).

How to cite
Marmorshtein A., Zhiku D., Petrov V., Fisyura A. AGROBIOLOGICAL REACTION OF CENTENNIAL SEEDLESS VARIETY TO LOAD OF BUSHES BY SHOOTS AND BUNCHES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2023. № 81(3). pp. 216–227. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/23/03/14.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-3-81-216-227 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
500 Кб
16 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 05.12.2023
UDC: 634.8: 551.58
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-46-61
Keywords: AFFINITY, VARIETY-ROOTSTOCK COMBINATIONS, SEEDLESSNESS, YIELD, QUALITY, STABILITY

Annotation

The article considers the issue of scion-rootstock combinations of seedless grape varieties in Russia and the world. The rootstock influences the physiological and biochemical parameters, stability, yield capacity and quality of the yield of grafted grape varieties. It is relevant to study the experience of different countries to determine the direction of research on this topic in Russia. In the world, the main research is concentrated predominantly in the countries producing table grapes: India, China, Egypt, Chile, Brazil, Greece, there are also studies from Mexico, Chile and Australia. Depending on the agro-climatic conditions, soils and terrain, appropriate rootstocks are used. High indicators of productivity, quality and resistance to stressors can be achieved in plants of the same variety on different rootstocks, for example, the yield capacity of the Thompson Seedless variety in Egypt is higher on the 1103 Paulsen rootstock, and quality indicators are higher on the Salt Creek rootstock. In Australia, the own-root variant had a higher fruitfulness of shoots, but Thompson Seedless variety grafted on Ramsey rootstock had higher yield capacity and bunch size. Scion-rootstock combinations are studied both for proven grape varieties and for new ones. Studies of variety-rootstock combinations in Russia are limited to individual works. The main rootstock for seedless varieties is Kober 5BB. Given the high role of rootstocks in increasing the abiotic and biotic stability of plantings, increasing productivity and improving the quality of grapes, the development of research in our country in the field of studying and effective use of rootstocks is relevant.

How to cite
Marmorshtein A., Antonyan A., Petrov V. ROOTSTOCKS FOR SEEDLESS GRAPE VARIETIES: A REVIEW [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2023. № 84(6). pp. 46–61. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/23/06/04.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-6-84-46-61 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
538 Кб
14 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 15.05.2020
UDC: 634.8 : 631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2020-3-63-60-73
Keywords: GRAPES, INTRODUCTION, VARIETY, VEGETATION, STRESS FACTORS, ADAPTATION

Annotation

Studies of the introduced German technical Monarch grape variety were carried out in the Black Sea agro-ecological zone of viticulture in the Krasnodar Territory. In unstable weather conditions, the duration of the growing season from blooming buds to the full physiological maturity of grape berries was 135 days in 2018, and in 2019 was 125 days. The variety showed the signs of an adaptive response to changing weather conditions. With an acute deficit of precipitation and a slow increase in air temperature in 2018, the duration of the second phase of the vegetation from the beginning of bud blooming to the beginning of flowering was 11 days longer. The significant difference in the duration of the second and third phases of vegetation is explained by the adaptive reaction of the introduced variety to lower air temperature in late May and early June in 2018. The difference in average daily air temperature during the period of active shoot growth and at the beginning of flowering reached 4.6 ºC, the amount of precipitation was 4.3 times less, that promoted the accelerated ripening of grapes in 2018. The maximum air temperature on average during the ripening period of grape berries was equal to 33 º in 2018, and 31 º in 2019. The amount of precipitation was 3.3 times less than normal. The high adaptive reaction of the technical Monarch grape variety is of great practical importance for use in scientific purposes and in industrial production when creating the stable ampelocenoses in unstable weather conditions of Southern Russia.

How to cite
Larkina M., Dergachev D., Petrov V., Pankin M., Marmorshtein A. PHENOLOGICAL CYCLES OF THE TECHNICAL MONARCH VARIETY UNDER UNSTABLE WEATHER CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2020. № 63(3). pp. 60–73. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/20/03/05.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2020-3-63-60-73 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
520 Кб
12 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 15.05.2020
UDC: 634.8 : 631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2020-3-63-74-85
Keywords: GRAPES, VARIETY, VEGETATION, ADAPTATION

Annotation

Study of phenology of universal grape variety Podarok Dmitria were carried out in the Black Sea agroecological zone of viticulture in the Krasnodar Territory. According to the data of research the variety shows the signs of earlymedium ripening and adaptive response under unstable weather conditions in the temperate continental climate of Southern of Russia. The signs of adaptation of this variety were most manifested during the ripening period of grape berries. The duration of the ripening period of grape berries in atypical weather conditions in 2018 was 17 days, 13 days less than in 2019. The accelerated ripening of grape berries was promoted by high solar insolation and an acute deficit of precipitation. The average daily air temperature in this period in 2018 was 3.5 C higher than in 2019 and 1.8 C higher than the average long-term norm. The amount of precipitation in 2018 was 13.5 times less than in 2019, 7.8 times less than the norm and amounted to 3.7 mm. In 2019, the low air temperature at the beginning of the growing of studied grape variety compared to 2018 contributed to a restrained bud opening, growth of shoots and inflorescences. A sharp warming in late May-early June contributed to an earlier start of plant flowering. The low temperature in the second half of the growing season compared to 2018 and the average longterm norm slowed down the physiological processes and made longer the periods of growth of grape berries.

How to cite
Dergachev D., Larkina M., Petrov V., Pankin M., Marmorshtein A. PHENOLOGY OF NEW GRAPE VARIETY OF PODAROK DMITRIA IN UNSTABLE WEATHER CONDITIONS OF SOUTH OF RUSSIA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2020. № 63(3). pp. 74–85. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/20/03/06.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2020-3-63-74-85 (request date: 29.03.2024).