Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Buntsevich Leonid
Articles in journal: (total 28)
In the monitoring of plum pox virus a method of cartograms developed in NRRIH&V showed the high information content. The method gives the opportunity to display graphically the characteristics of transfer of a plum pox virus in a studied area by comparison of data for a certain period. The work purpose is to reveal the features of spreading of a plum pox virus in the experimental planting by means of a cartogram's method. Since 2007 we carried out an annual monitoring of experimental plum planting for description of dynamics of spreading of a plum pox virus. Diagnostics of varieties samples for definition of diseases etiology is carried out. The efficiency of determination of main parameters of virus spreading (speed and degree of spreading, localization) is studied. By this method on the card of fruit planting the trees with disease symptoms are graphically displayed. It is established that during 2007-2013 the plum pox virus spreading increased by 5 times at Kabardinskaya rannya and in 2013 it means 44,5% (initial level is 8,3 %). On the Stenley plum the increase is noted by 3 times 24,2 % (initial level is 7,3 %). Average speed of a virus spreading is determined by a cartograms method (on the Kabardinskaya rannya is 6,4 % in a year, on Stenley variety is 3,5 %). On the basis of the analysis of the obtained data we made the conclusion about determination of varieties and topological distinctions of dynamics of a virus spreading. It is indicated that a source of an virus infection is the infected landing material. The results of research confirm the connection of spreading level of a plum pox virus with number of sucking wreckers during the previous vegetative period.
The work is relevant because it is directed on a solution of a question of decreasing in prime cost of apple rootstocks' clonal micropropagation technology and increasing exit of plants. The results of researches on selection of the low-toxic, economic and environmentally friendly growth factors, organizers of structure of a nutrient medium, and also increasing of efficiency of apple rootstocks' microplants' adaptation in unsterile environmental conditions are presented. The experiment showed that on the main quality indicators of microshoots furolan in concentration of 4 mg/l is less dangerous and more economic analog of traditionally used growth factors (6-BAP, GA, IBA) with efficiency at the same level and above. The potato starch was defined as analog of agar-agar in the nutrient medium with mineral structure on a recipe of Murashige and Skoog for cultivation apple rootstocks' microshoots of the SK series. By experience the conditions raising the eficiency of apple rootstocks' microplants' adaptation to unsterile environmental conditions were established. The adaptation of apple rootstocks' microplants should be begun with the moment when plants reach the size of 5-10 cm, and their root system will consist of several well developed roots, 2-5 cm long in 800 ml vessels on a substratum the lixivious black soil stabilized within a day at a temperature 100º C with addition of half solution of salts on a recipe of Murashige and Skoog
In the article the results of the strawberries vegetative reproduction in the two soil-and-climatic zones are given: in the Krasnodar region and Belarus.
The results of studying of analisis of technology of previous generations, a current state, the limiting factors and development prospects of orchard nursery are presented. The conclusion that overcoming of technological backlog, modern selection of grades and stocks, creation of virus-free orchard nurseries, will allow to produsce the certificated landing material of the highest category qualities, and, in turn, is drawn will provide a gain of productivity and essential increase of profitability and competitiveness of domestic fruit growing
Methods of diagnostics of activators of virus and similar to virus diseases, the PCR analysis, ELISA, biotesting with wood indicators, a method of cartograms and biological actualized diagnostics are described