Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
A nutritious, medical and dietary properties of grape berries reveals. The perspective assortment of table grapes for viticulture farm types of the Chechen Republic, including varieties of different ripening time, superior in its resistance to disease, pests and frost is defined. This is zoned grape Karaburnu: Delight, Pleven steady, Liang, Frumoasa alba, Anniversary of the Crane. The percentage parity of the areas occupied by them Is recommended, and also short characteristic of them is resulted.
The importance of cultivation in the Chechen Republic of valuable technical grape varieties with complex resistance to adverse environmental factors, to bring down the cost of manufactured production and allow a conveyor grapes is offered. Grades of grape, such as Podarok Magaracha, Saperavi Severniy, Danko, Rkaciteli, Beliy Onitskanskiy are recommended for cultivation.
Results of three-year researches of agro biological features, introduced at the Kuban, clones of grades of grapes are resulted: Pinot black and white, Chardonnay, Riesling. Differences between them in display of the agrobiological and economic and technological signs which use will allow to raise a genetic resource of the studied grades of grapes are shown.
Laboratory and field data to study different chromosomal forms of apple, used in breeding for resistance to scab and adverse environmental factors are presented.
The results of researches of biochemical indicators of the quality of 18 varieties of apples in summer, fall and winter maturing selection in NCSRIH&V (including 4 control varieties) grown in the Kuban region of Krasnodar area are presented. Varietal features of commodity qualities of fruit on the attractiveness of presentation, size (height, diameter, shape index of fruit), weight, firmness of the pulp are revealed. New varieties of apples with a high content of dry matter, sugars, starch, acids, vitamins (ascorbic acid, P-active substances) and pectin are identified. Indicators firmness of the pulp, levels of starch, acids, characterizing harvest maturity of the fruit established for apples late maturing.