Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Issue: 59(5)

Date posted: 23.09.19

Total articles: 14

Total authors: 34

DOI of issue: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59

Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection

pdf
478 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 634.22:631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-1-11
Keywords: PLUM-TREE, BREEDING, VARIETY STUDY, HYBRID, GENOTYPE, STABILITY, PRODUCTIVITY

Annotation

Under the condition of the annual stress impact, a lot of zoned plum domestic varieties decreased in adaptive and productive potential, which makes it necessary to optimize the assortment, especially with new varieties of domestic breeding. The basis of obtaining a new variety is the original hybrid material, the evaluation of which allows you to select elite forms and varieties with a set of economically valuable traits. The purpose of these studies was to conduct a comprehensive assessment of the domestic plum gene pool and the selection of selected forms with high adaptability, productivity and fruit quality for breeding use and expansion of promising varieties group. The article presents the results of the evaluation of the source material plum domestic, obtained from the aimed crosses of different parent forms. It has been established that the majority of the studied hybrid forms have an average growth vigor, late maturation, high resistance to the main diseases. Based on the analysis of phonological data and the results of a comprehensive assessment of selected hybrids, two selective forms of 17-2-64 and 17-3-79 were revealed, which characterized by fast fruiting (the beginning of fruiting for 5 years), growth restraint (within 3.7-3.8 m on own roots and without pruning), resistant to clasterossporium (0.5 points), yield capacity of 6.1 and 7.8 t / ha with a planting scheme of 5x3 m in the second year of fruiting. The selected hybrid forms of plum domestic, possessing he economically valuable and breeding significant traits are of interest for further breeding work and are the basis for replenishing the assortment of fruit crops with plum varieties of domestic breeding.

How to cite
Zaremuk R., Kochubey A. COMPLEX EVALUATION OF PLUM DOMESTIC INITIAL MATERIAL FOR CREATION THE NEW VARIETIES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 1–11. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/01.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-1-11 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
548 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 575.11: 575.174.015.3
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-12-20
Keywords: DNA-MARKERS, SSR-ANALYSIS, GRAPE VARIETIES, MICROSATELLITE PROFILE

Annotation

Molecular markers make it possible to identify varieties, study their origin, and identify synonyms, homonyms, and impurities in the collections. DNA passports of grape varieties present the genotype profiles for a set of microsatellite (SSR) loci. SSR markers VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVS2, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79 are the minimum basic set in the work on DNA-passportization of grape varieties. Using this indicated set of SSR markers, we genotyped the varieties of Barkhatny, Dostoyny, Krasnostop AZOS, Krasnostop Anapskiy and Phillokseroustoychivy Dzhemete grapes from the Anapa Zonal Station of Viticulture and Winemaking and also of the Muscat Hamburg variety included in the study as one of the parental forms of Barkhatny and Dostoyny varieties. The main method, which was used in the work, is polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with the separation of reaction products on an ABI Prism 3130 automated genetic analyzer. DNA of the Chardonnay and Cabernet Sauvignon reference varieties was used as a control to refine the sizes of identified alleles. DNA was isolated by the CTAB method from the apical leaves of young shoots. Genotype analysis was carried out on DNA from a mixture of plant material of 3-5 typical plants for each variety. The genotypes of the studied varieties showed the different combinations of alleles on the studied microsatellite loci. As a result of DNA profiles analysis, we revealed that the Dostoyny grape variety has a different origin, namely the Muscat Hamburg is not its parent form, at the same time it was confirmed that the other parent form is Phillokseroustoychivy Dzhemete. The obtained DNA profiles of varieties can be used to identify them, verify the variety pure of uterine plantation and planting material, and protect the author's rights.

How to cite
Ilnitskaya E., Makarkina M., Tokmakov S. CLARIFICATION OF THE ORIGIN OF SOME LOCAL BREEDING GRAPE VARIETIES AT THE MICROSATELLITE PROFILES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 12–20. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/02.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-12-20 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
548 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 634.8.076
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-21-30
Keywords: SEEDLESSNESS, RUDIMENTS OF SEEDS

Annotation

When analyzing the state of the viticulture industry in Russia, there is a lack of seedless grape varieties in the assortment that have valuable biological and economic characteristics and a short growing season, resistance to frost and phylloxera. Due to the advantage of seedless grapes both for fresh consumption and for the production of dried products, processing them into jams and other products, the demand for kishmish varieties is growing and seedless varieties are regularly selected. The degree of various varieties seedlessness can be different: from the almost full absence of rudiments in the berry to a sufficiently noted size of rudiments. At the same time, the degree of development of seed rudiments in the same variety may vary in dependence on the conditions of the growth place and the year conditions. We analyzed the harvest of 33 seedless grape varieties in the Ampelographic collection (Anapa) according to the evaluation of their seedless under the agro-ecological conditions of the Black Sea area of viticulture under the climatic conditions, 2019. The lack of recoverable rudiments of seeds was identified in the berries of cultivars the Kishmish Bely Ovalny, Detskiy, Kishmish Tarakli, Kishmish Rosovy, Kishmish Sogdiana, Kishmish Krugly, Remali Seedless. The maximum berry`s weight among this group was found in the variety of Kishmish Sogdiana. The largest rudiments were found in the berries of the Rusbal variety. Among all analyzed grape varieties, the rudiment of the berry`s mass of which has been measured, it is possible to select the Kishmish Luchisty: this variety has the highest average weight of berries (5.05 g) and the rudiments share of the berry`s mass is 1 %.

How to cite
Ilnitskaya E., Pyata E., Marmorshtein A., Kovalenko A. THE SEEDLESNESS MANIFESTATION OF GRAPE VARIETIES UNDER THE AGRO-CLIMATIC CONDITIONS OF ANAPA AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 21–30. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/03.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-21-30 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
446 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 634.8.09
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-31-38
Keywords: GRSPEVINE, WILD-GROWING FORM, GENE POOL, ORIGIN, MORPHOLOGY, BREEDING

Annotation

The article analyzes the problem of poor knowledge of Kuban wild forms of grapes and their economically valuable traits, which is very promising for the breeding of this crop in the Krasnodar Territory. In connection with this, the research is needed to determine the origin of wild grapes using genetic methods, as well as to study the morphology and the variability of their vegetative and generative spheres in comparison with cultural forms and the select the donors of resistance to biotic and abiotic environmental factors of wild grape forms. The objects of study are wild forms of species of the genus Vitis L. of the family Vitaceae Juss. It is noted that recently the biodiversity of the family Vitaceae Juss. Increases visibly, and the new data on the expanding gene pool of cultural and wild Vitis vinifera L. are appeared. At the same time, the new methods appears of polymorphism analyzing of such diversity, but the question of cultivated grapes origin remains vague. Researching the problem of the grapes origin have been conducted for a long time, a large number of works have been performed in the world on this topic, but there is no single concept of the grapes origin. The existence of various theoretically and practically justified centers of origin of the plant forms suggests that it is possible to preserve endemic relict plant forms in these centers at present. From the point of view of studying the biological diversity of grapevines, the territory of the Northern Caucasus and the Black Sea Region (Northern regions) is the most promising. Of the influence of wild grapes on the local assortment may indicate the existence of a number of aboriginal varieties, clearly carrying the features of close resemblance to wild grapes.

How to cite
Gorbunov I. THE PROSPECT OF USING OF THE GENUS VITIS L. WILD FORMS IN THE BREEDING PROCESS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 31–38. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/04.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-31-38 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
462 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 634.8.09
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-39-48
Keywords: WILD GRAPE FORM, PHYTOCENOSIS, HABITAT, MORPHOLOGY, ECOLOGICAL CONDITIONS, GEOGRAPHICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FEATURES

Annotation

The wild forms of grapes in the forests of the State nature reserve Utrish are found for first time and studied. Several habitats of wild grapes, presumably belonging to the species of Vitis vinifera ssp, silvestris Gmel. or its varieties - var. tipica Negr. typical wild forest grapes have been studied. A detailed description of the phytocenoses in which the studied forms of plants grow is carried out. Ecological and geographical characteristics of their habitats are given. The samples were taken for further genetic analysis. It is noted in the article that many research have been carried out on the study of wild plants and indigenous grape varieties in the Crimea, Daghestan, along the banks of the Don and others, but there is still no scientific data on the origin and presence of Kuban wild and indigenous forms of grapes. As for the territory of the Utrish reserve, as a unique place of ancient settlements, such studies will be conducted for the first time. Recently, the biodiversity of the Vitaceae Juss family markedly increases, at the same time there are new data on the expanding gene pool of cultural and wild grapes Vitis vinifera L. At the same time, there are new methods of polymorphism analysis of such diversity, but the problem of cultivated grapes origin remains unresolved. This article presents only the first scientific data on the ecological conditions of growth and morphological and biological features of the founded wild forms of grapes in the territory of the Utrish State reserve. It is important to note that this study is only the beginning of research work on the study of the origin of the Kuban wild grapes and identification among them of the sources, and in the future donors of resistance to various biotic and abiotic environmental factors. The ultimate goal of this study is to include the selected sustainable wild forms in the breeding process and replenishment of the grapes gene pool.

How to cite
Gorbunov I., Michailovskiy S., Bykhalova O. SEARCH AND STUDY OF NEW KUBAN WILD GRAPES AND THEIR ECOLOGICAL AND GEOGRAPHICAL FEATURES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 39–48. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/05.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-39-48 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Breeding and production of planting material

pdf
530 Кб
16 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 634.233:581.143.6
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-49-64
Keywords: HYBRIDS, VARIETIES, SEEDLINGS, IN VITRO, BREEDING, ARTIFICIAL MEDIUM, BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANCES, FRUITS RIPENING, INFECTION

Annotation

The article presents the results of evaluating the nutrient artificial media for cultivation suitability of cherry ordinary embryos for three varieties Lyubskaya, Turgenevka, Igrushka, included in the assortment of the South of Russia (selected promising varieties of the collection of the Krymsk EBS, VIR Branch). They have a number of positive qualities: late fruiting, high fruit quality, potential productivity and transportability. In the work, the modifications of the cultural media of White, Knop, Anderson, Lee and de Fossard, Prunus, Murasige and Skoog were used. The compositions of seven artificial agarized nutrient media used by us in the embryos cultivation of three varieties of cherry ordinary are given in the text of the article. The embryos were introduced into the culture without plants entering in the dormant phase. In the course of the study, the growth and development of the embryos of these cherry varieties in vitro was observed. An assessment is made of the influence of the nutrient medium composition the cultivated embryos of cherry ordinary varieties. The average long-term (2015-2018) data of normally developed, not germinated (with the growth of cotyledons and callus), albinos and embryos infected with an internal infection embryos, depending on the variety. Since in breeding practice it is important to obtain more viable posterity, when evaluating the nutrient media, the attention was paid to sprouted, normally developed seedlings. As a result of the experiments, the nutrient medium of Murashige and Skoog was isolated, modified in two versions M2 and M4 for cultivating the cherry germ of Lyubskaya, and M2 and Pr1 for Turgenevka. For in vitro cultivation of Igrushka embryos, it is recommended to use an artificial agarized nutrient medium Knopa.

How to cite
Kovalenko N. EVALUATION OF NUTRIENT MEDIA ON SUITABILITY FOR CULTIVATION OF CHERRY ORDINARY GERMS (CERASUS VULGARIS MILL.) [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 49–64. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/06.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-49-64 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Physiology and biochemistry of plants

pdf
544 Кб
13 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 581:576.5:634.224
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-65-77
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, DROUGHT RESISTANCE, SCAB, METABOLITES, MALON DIALDEHYDE, CHLOROGENIC ACID, CALCIUM IONS

Annotation

Under the conditions of the Krasnodar Territory, metabolic changes in apple varieties that differ in scab and drought resistance have been identified. Using physiological and biochemical methods with capillary electrophoresis the features of the apple tree`s leaves are studied in the summer growing season. According to the seasonal dynamics of some metabolites (malonic dialdehyde, chlorogenic acid, calcium ions), a comparative assessment of the response of apple varieties with different resistance to scab under influence of summer stressors was conducted. It was revealed that the smallest quantitative indicators of malon dialdehyde content under stressful conditions of August were observed in apple varieties, immune to scab, like Fortune, Soyuz and non-scab immune Rodnichok variety and were 0.123-0.192 mol / g dry weight of the substance and it is indicating of their resistance to oxidative stress. During the summer period, the highest content of chlorogenic acid were observed in scab-immune apple varieties. In the period of the greatest impact of stress factors, in August, its content significantly increased in the varieties not immune to scab (1.14-1.55 times), that is plants indicating the induction of protective reactions against the scab pathogen. According to the physiological and biochemical indexes the apple variety Fortuna and the Union was identified as varieties with high resistance to drought and scab pathogen in the South of Russia. Metabolic assessment of apple varieties according to physiological nd biochemical characteristics is a reliable criterion of plant resistance to summer stressors, and can be used as indirect diagnostics methods for adaptability of fruit crops varieties.

How to cite
Kiseleva G., Nenko N., Karavaeva A., Ulyanovskaya E. METABOLIC CHANGES OF APPLE-TREE VARIETIES WITH DIFFERENT STABILITY TO A SCAB AS A RESPONSE REACTION TO THE INFLUENCE OF SUMMER STRESSES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 65–77. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/07.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-65-77 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Mineral nutrition of plants

pdf
584 Кб
14 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 634.85:631.524.7/.811.98:632.654/.951
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-78-91
Keywords: ANTIFUNGALACARICIDAL PREPARATION, BIOLOGICAL EFFECTIVENESS, GRAPE HARVEST, QUALITATIVE INDICATORS, SHOOT LIGNIFICATION

Annotation

The effectiveness of protective measures in the viticulture largely depends on the timeliness of their implementation, the correctness of the chosen processing time of plantations, schemes of spraying, infectious background, antiresistant strategiy for drugs use. This article presents the results of a two-year study on possibility and efficiency of PFKleros application for technical grape variety of Chardonnay, 1977 landing, in the conditions of Southern coast of Crimea. In the study the well-known viticulture methods are used. It was established that triple vineyard treatment with the tested preparation PFKleros reduces Tetranychidae population by 69.2-85.7 %, depending on the application rate, which is consistent with the results obtained under application of standard preparation Zolon. The biological effectiveness of the protection system engaging triple treatment against oidium made 7.5 %, which is consistent with the results obtained under application of standard preparation Topaz. The results of research showed that treatments with PFKleros preparation on average increase in the harvest of Chardonnay grapes by 38.5-50.0 %, where as the yield surplus is estimated at 2.0-2.6 t/ha. The positive effect of the studied preparation on the quality of Chardonnay grapes was confirmed, as demonstrated by increased from 2.4 up to 7.3 % sugar mass concentration in the berry juice. It was established that treatments with PFKleros preparation catalyze growth processes. The positive effect of the studied preparation was reflected in the increased by 13.3-25.7 % shoot length on overage, increased by 14.8-24.4 % in leaf surface and increased by 9.1-18.9 % in extent of shoot lignification, as compared to control (the plants without of treatment).

How to cite
Beibulatov M., Buivol R., Tihomirova N., Yrdenko N. APPLICATION REGIME FOR "PFKLEROS" BIOLOGICAL PREPARATION WITH COMPLEX ACTION IN THE VINEYARDS OF CRIMEA SOUTHERN COAST [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 78–91. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/08.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-78-91 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Manage environmental and food safety

pdf
649 Кб
14 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 663.25
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-92-105
Keywords: CORK MEANS, NATURAL CORK, SYNTHETIC CORKS, MECHANICAL PROPERTIES

Annotation

To date, the domestic market of cork means is very diverse and capacious. However, not every cork is suitable for corking the wine products. The quality of this cork up is subject to a number of requirements in terms of appearance, physical and chemical characteristics, mechanical properties and safety indicators, because of direct contact with food products occurs. The main cork means in winemaking are cork from natural wood, synthetic corks from various materials (glass, metal, plastic, etc.), as well as a new generation of hybrid corks obtained from a mix of natural and synthetic components of raw materials. Recent studies on cork means Indicate a constant aggravation in the quality of cork plugs entering in the Russian market and as a result, there is a systematic filling of this niche by the plugs made of synthetic materials. The paper describes the various types of cork means used for cork up the wines, their positive and negative sides are indicated. The data on the study of the main qualitative characteristics are presented. It has been established that the use of natural corks often leads to a violation of the organoleptic and microbiological indicators of wines due to the transfer of foreign particles and microorganisms located both on the surface and inside the natural corks. Cork up by synthetic corks does not allow a long aging of wines and lead often to the formation of synthetic tones unusual for wine production in taste and aroma. New types of corks are proposed, made from combined raw materials using the unique technologies, the manufacturers of these corks guarantee their stable quality.

How to cite
Chemisova L., Ageeva N., Saulin A. TENDENCY TO PROBLEMS DEVELOPMENT ON THE MARKET OF CORK MEANS FOR WINEMAKING [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 92–105. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/09.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-92-105 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Storage of fruits and berries production and grapes

pdf
671 Кб
12 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 634.10:631.526.1/.4:631.17(470.62)
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-106-117
Keywords: GENE POOL, POME CROPS, APPLE-TREE, PEAR-TREE, QUINCE, STORAGE GARDEN, METHODS, INTENSIVE TECHNOLOGIES, CLONE ROOTSTOCKS

Annotation

In connection with the increase in the gene pool of seed crops at the Krymsk EBS VIR Branch, it became necessary to plant the preserved genotypes according to the compacted scheme to reduce the area of gardens under the preserved genotypes. The results of preserving the gene pool of seed crops in vivo in the intensive orchards of the Krymsk EBS on various clonal rootstocks are presented. Resource-saving technologies have been developed for the conservation of genotypes of pome crops with a compacted planting scheme. Varieties of apple trees in the scientific institutions of the Southern Regions of the Russian Federation can be optimally stored on the mid-root stocks, in particular MM 106, which do not require supporting structures and watering from 2-3 years of cultivation in the garden, with a planting scheme of 4.0-5.0 × 1.5 m. Quince and pear genotypes compatible with quince, to achieve small crowns, it is possible to store quinces on clone rootstocks, incompatible pear varieties on clone pear rootstocks (PyroDwarf and others) that reduce growth, also with a compacted planting scheme 4.0-5, 0 × 1.5 m. The formation of crowns is recommended fusiform to obtain fruits with the aim of testing genotypes according to morphological characteristics, initial testing them on economically valuable qualities and identifying donors and sources. Minimum measures for vermin`s and diseases control in storage gardens are carried out (2-3 sprayings from scab and vermin`s) in order to save resources and create an infectious background for harmful diseases. During the growing season of trees, 3-fold mowing of the grass in the aisles and the application of herbicides on the trunks area are recommended. At the end of the growing season, an eradicating spray should be carried out.

How to cite
Chepinoga I. IMPROVEMENT OF STORAGE TECHNOLOGY OF GENE POOL OF SEEDS CROPS IN THE KRYMSK EBS - VIR BRANCH [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 106–117. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/10.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-106-117 (request date: 28.03.2024).

Processing of fruit and berries production and grapes

pdf
537 Кб
15 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 663.252.41: 575.22
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-118-132
Keywords: WINE YEAST, GENETIC DIVERSITY, AUTOCHTHONOUS POPULATIONS, MICROSATELLITE ANALYSIS, STRAIN, PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS

Annotation

The production of Russian wine is based on the use of active dry yeast imported into the Russian Federation from European countries France, Germany, Italy. Meanwhile, it is known that the high-quality wines of a geographical name must be produced using the local yeast races. The search for such races (strains) is an urgent task. Analysis of the genetic diversity of wild yeast populations and the creation of their collections is a necessary initial step in creating the new promising strains for industrial winemaking. Such studies are ongoing in Europe to create terroarspecific yeast strains. Grapes were sampled to isolate and study the new local strains of wine yeast in the vineyards of Temryuk and Anapa districts of the Krasnodar Territory. DNA isolation, conditions for PCR and fragment analysis were carried out according to current methods. To analyze the polymorphism length of amplified fragments during SSR genotyping, a fragment analysis was used on an ABIprism 3130 automated genetic analyzer. The data obtained were visualized in Gene Mapper v 4.1. A variety of species and genera of yeast on the surface of grape berries has been established. Moreover, the yield of saccharomycetes amounted to about 30 % of the total number of monospore cultures obtained for each of the selection points. The results of the analysis of genetic Relationships and a number of technological characteristics of strains of Saccharomyces sp. Isolated from natural population in ampelocenoses are presented. It was revealed that the geographical factor influenced the occurrence of genetic isolation. The genetically removed strains display the significant differences in a number of physiological and biochemical characteristics.

How to cite
Suprun I., Ageeva N., Lobodina E., Nasonov A., Tokmakov S., Prakh A. ANALYSIS OF GENETIC VARIETY OF THE NATURAL POPULATIONS OF SACCHAROMYCES KIND AS THE SEARCH BASIS FOR STRAINS PROMISING FOR WINE-MAKING [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 118–132. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/11.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-118-132 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
474 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 544.723:543.42:546.33:546.41:546.723
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-133-143
Keywords: BENTONITE, MONTMORILLONITE, DEPOSIT, WINE, TREATMENT, STABILIZATION, PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL INDICATORS

Annotation

The article presents the results of a study of the clarification ability properties of bentonites from BIOrost LLC (Russia), whose products are vinobent and bentovine, in comparison with bentonite activatit (Germany) when processing white and red table wine materials. When processing the white table wine materials, the best results were obtained when using the options 1, 2 (both BentoVinum Gold) and 4 (bentovin). When they were used according to the degree of clarification, results were obtained that were identical to the control (Germany activit). BentoVinum Gold bentonites, bentovin, vinobent and activit (control) had the highest sorption capacity in relation to suspensions of wine. When processing red table wine materials, it has been established that bentonites with high lightening ability BentoVinum Gold, bentovin, vinobet and activit (control) remove more that one phenolic substances. Therefore, when processing the red wines with these minerals, it is necessary to carry out the test pasting at lower dosages of bentonites. It was established that the degree of dispersion (particle size) in the case of BentoVinum Gold bentonite had no effect on the clarification ability of the mineral: identical results were obtained for both particle sizes. In case of the use of bentovin and, especially, vinobent with a decrease in particle size, the clarifications ability was improved. Analysis of the experimental data suggests that as a result of contact with the analyzed bentonites, the wine materials were enriched with sodium and calcium cations. This is due to the presence of mobile sodium ions (in sodium forms) and calcium (calcium bentonites) in the interlayer of the mineral and their exchange for the corresponding components of wine. It has been proven that BentoVinum Gold, bentovin, vinobent can be used for import substitution.

How to cite
Ageeva N., Kiyan A., Panarin V. OF THE DOMESTIC BENTONITE APPLICATION FOR TREATING OF THE WINES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 133–143. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/12.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-133-143 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
576 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 544.723:543.42:546.33:546.41:546.723
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-144-154
Keywords: BENTONIT, WHITE AND RED TABLE WINE MATERIALS, CLARIFICATION, STABILIZATION, OPTIMUM TECHNOLOGICAL DOSES

Annotation

The leading company for the processing of clay minerals (bentonites) in Russia is BIOROST LLC, whose products vinoobent and bentovin are in demand in the market for alcoholic products. The development is carried out of bentonite BentoVinum Gold, Republic of Kazakhstan. Earlier studies have shown the expendiency of bentonites using BentoVinum Gold, bentovin, vinobet and activite (control) clarification the white and red table wine materials. The purpose of this work is to establish the optimal technological dosages of bentonites for processing wines of various types and to assess the stability (resistance to bottle) of the processed wines. Untreated white (Sauvignon blanc) and red (Cabernet-Sauvignon) table wine materials were used as objects of research. The treatment was carried out with 10% wine-water suspensions of bentonites or join with a 1% solution of gelatin. The dosage of bentonites ranged from 1 to 5 g / dm3, gelatin from 5 to 200 mg / dm3. It has been established that the use of BentoVinum Gold bentonite provided the crystal clearness of wine materials with the smallest technological dosages and minimum volumes of thick sediments. Bentovin showed a high lightening ability, especially with a mineral particle size of less than 0.05 mm. When join-processing wine materials with bentonite and gelatin, a decrease in dosages of both sorbents was observed. The optimum dosages of the studied bentonites were established when processing white and red table wine materials. The obtained results testify to the high stabilizing ability of complex processing of table wine materials with BentoVinum Gold bentonite: wine materials have been resistant to bottle for a long time, the samples of red wine materials were more resistant to colloid turbidity. When using bentovin and vinobent, the stability of the wine was maintained for 6-8 months. The studied bentonites are recommended for use in Russian wine-making in order to replace imported analogues.

How to cite
Ageeva N., Kiyan A., Panarin V. THE CLARIFICATION AND THE STABILIZATION OF WINES USING THE DOMESTIC BENTONITES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 144–154. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/13.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-144-154 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
762 Кб
12 с.
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 663.253.4:543.55
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-155-166
Keywords: GEOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION OF WINES, GRAPE VARIETY, SOIL, MACROELEMENTS, MICROELEMENTS, METHODS OF MATHEMATICAL STATISTICS

Annotation

The issues of global geographical identification of wine products are considered. It has been found that for most modern studies, the use of chemometric processing of data obtained by promising methods for controlling macro- and microelements in wines is characteristic: atomic absorption spectroscopy, atomic emission spectroscopy, mass spectrometry with inductively coupled plasma and atomic emission spectroscopy with inductively coupled plasma. Analysis of macro - and microelements of wines from different countries of the world showed that a large variety of elemental composition of wine products and significant variability caused by technological treatments require the use of modern mathematical processing methods to establish the relationship of the composition of wines with a certain terroir. It is shown that on the basis of analysis of studies of the distribution and relationship of the content of micro and macro elements in wines and soils on which the corresponding grape varieties were grown, can be used to establish the geographical identification of wines. Studies aimed at assessing the relationship of the geographical location of the plots and cultivated grape varieties were carried out according to the correlations between the content of a number of macro- and microelements in wine and soils and the main parameters (grape variety, crop year). The results of the assessment of the relationship between individual samples of wines and soils using correlation, cluster analysis, the random forest algorithm and multi-label classification allowed us to evaluate the relationship of the geographical location of the plots and cultivated grape varieties with the content of elements and their pairwise ratios in the wines. Rb, Al, and Na were selected as markers for variety identification for the first year of research. Positive results for Cabernet Sauvignon, Riesling and Pinot Noir are obtained. Applying of selective indexes based on cross-validation allowed to reduce a set of significant indicators to 4: Ca, Ca / Sr, Sr and Ca / Al.

How to cite
Markovskiy M., Burtsev B., Guguchkina T., Shelud'ko O. STUDY OF DISTRIBUTION AND RELATIONSHIP OF MACRO AND MICROELEMENTS IN THE WINES TO DETERMINE THE POSSIBILITY OF THEIR GEOGRAPHIC IDENTIFICATION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 155–166. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/14.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-155-166 (request date: 28.03.2024).