Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
The results of selection estimation of varieties and hybrid families of plum culture are presented. The regularities of inheritance of signs (weight and biochemical composition of fruits) by hybrid posterity are revealed. Dependence of change of fruits quality indicators from conditions of year is established. Varieties-sources of high taste qualities and large-fruited interesting for improvement of quality fruits of plum home varieties are allocated
The results of research of apple-tree clonal rootstocks of NCRRIH&V selection in the agro-ecological conditions of Stavropol region are presented. The characteristics of growth and fruiting of Liberty apple variety on clonal rootstocks are studied. The rootstock for production testing at the apple plantations with dense planting schemes, providing fast fertility, yield, productivity, good quality of fruits is recommended
Construction of plantings, forming of crown
The new system of cherries tree formation Stop Leader, due to the removal of central conductor in the first year after planting reduces the height of the trees, and due to bending of part of branches one accelerates the receipt of the first industrial crops. More than 20 tons of high quality fruits are got in the harvest each year during the period of full fruiting per hectare of garden, which is formed in this way
Mineral nutrition of plants
Treatment of growth regulator Regalis of apple tree decreased fall of fruits, which in turn has helped increase yield and improve of fruit quality. The significant reduction of the length of internodes and decreases of size of tree annual shoots
Quality Management
The results of research of commodity qualities and biochemical indicators of sweet cherry of different varieties are presented. The varietal features defining flavoring qualities of sweet cherry varieties of different periods of maturation are established. The best varieties with high commodity and biochemical indicators of fruits for industrial use are allocated
The results of research of 8 modern remontant raspberry varieties adapted to technologies for crop of berries in autumn period at the annual shoots are presented. The complex biochemical and technological evaluation of raspberries on commodity quality, content of soluble solids, sugars, organic and amino acids, vitamins and polyphenols is given. Varieties for targeted use in the manufacture of jam and frozen products are allocated
Fruit using in winemaking at sufficiently high concentrations contain biopolymers of different nature, that is difficult for clarification and filterability, provokes occurrence of colloidal haze of wines. The use of enzymatic catalysis considerably reduces the concentration of biopolymers. Enzyme preparations have a different activity, that is confirmed by the results of research of qualitative and quantitative composition of amino acids, and ultimately by composition and concentration of higher alcohols, aldehydes, acetals, simple and high-boiling esters
The data about physical and chemical indicators of champagne wine materials from different grapes varieties grown in the AF "Milstrim Chernomorskie Wines" of Temryuk region are presented in the article
Phytosanitary condition of plants
SANITARY MEASURES OF THE MOTHER PLANTATION OF APPLE-TREE CLONAL ROOTSTOCKS FROM BACTERIAL CROWN GALL
he results of study and development of root cancer eradication technology in the mother plantation of apple tree clonal rootstocks re presented on the basis of own study and analysis of literary sources
The results of experimental research of definition of biological effectiveness of perspective chemical, microbiological preparations and biologically active substances on cherry against main harmful objects are presented. The most effective elements of protection systems against harmful cherries are specified
The results of long-term research of species composition of four-legged ticks of fruit plantations are presented. The most typical signs of damages by harmful species, the degree of the population of pome and stone fruit cultures are established. The measures of fight with the phytophagous are working out, the efficiency of insectacaricides with different mechanism of action and different acting substances is determined. The possibility of use the biological preparations against ticks-wreckers is established and periods of their application are determined
Manage environmental and food safety
The possibilities of definition by chromatographic methods of toxic pesticide residues, using a long time in the vineyards of the southern region of the Russian Federation are presented. It explains their accumulation in the soil, and so in grapes and wine-making products. The use of gas and liquid chromatography allows with high sensitivity to determine their toxic metabolites with original preparations
Possibilities and new methodical approaches of the analysis of wine production by means of capillary electrophoresis and gas chromatography are considered. The current Standards, providing control in wines of organic acids, dyes and preservatives are discussed. Methodical decisions for definition of glucose, fructose, sucrose and general phosphorus in wine production are offered by method of capillary electrophoresis
Storage of fruits and berries production and grapes
The data of efficiency of Vintsit Forte preparation against the fungus pathogens of diseases at storage of strawberries seedlings Frigo, and after transplanting of seeblings in the field is obtained. Stimulating action of preparation on growth of the strawberries plants is established
Decorative shapes of garden rocks and grapes in the landscape construction
Perspective cherry (Cerasus Mill.) forms and varieties are allocated for planting greenery in the south of Russia. The basic decorative and economic-biological signs for estimation of varieties and forms of decorative cherry are revealed. The short characteristic and variants of varieties and forms use in the landscape building is given