Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Issue: 28(4)

Date posted: 15.07.14

Total articles: 17

Total authors: 33

Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection

pdf
125 Кб
7 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.1/7:631.524.85:551.58
Keywords: FRUIT PLANTS, EVAPORATION, TRANSPIRATION, WINTER RESISTANCE, YIELD CAPACITY

Annotation

Climate change had led to evaporability increase during the winter and spring periods in Nonchernozem, Chernozem and Southern zones of Russia. Assessment of air environment and plants condition on January till April is characterized by evaporability on N.N. Ivanovs formula. It was defined that the highest evaporability during the winter and spring periods occurs in an average zone of Russia at positive temperatures of April. The value of evaporation is 50% of total amount from November to April, 20% on March and 30% for the period from November to February. Injuriousness of this phenomenon is associated with violation of a water mode of fruit plants. For the solution of this problem in gardening it is necessary to estimate an indicator of winter hardiness of plants by level of transpiration losses determined by value of an evaporability. On the practical term the developed actions have to be directed on decrease of water losses by introduction of varieties combining together with sufficient frost resistance and high water-retaining ability of annual shoots of wood cultures and leaves of grassy plants. The last trait should be supported by timely and correct application of known agrical technics according to the maintenance of soil and according to the works in the plantings of fruit and berry crops. By results of research the conclusion is drawn: it is necessary to estimate fully and accurately the activity of plants under the changed climatic conditions. The more perfect and high-quality selection of assortment of fruit and berry crops will be made as a result.

How to cite
Khaustovich I. CRITERIONS OF SELECTION OF FRUIT'S CULTURES UNDER WARM CLIMATE CONDITIONS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 1–7. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/01.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
213 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 664.8:634.1
Keywords: PEAR VARIETIES OF EARLY AND LATE RIPENING TIME, WEIGHT FRUITS, BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS, BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE SUBSTANSES

Annotation

The work purpose is studying of varietal diversity of pear of early and late ripening, grown up under the conditions of Kuban; the research of biochemical composition of fruits and allocation of sources of raised content of biologically active substances. In research there were 20 grades of a pear varieties of various ripening from different places of growth, to reveal the influence of cultivation conditions on commodity qualities of fruits. The best zoned varieties are taken as a control. The assessment of fruits quality according to the content of soluble solids, sugars, titrable acids, vitamins and P-active substances was carried out according to "Methodical instructions for definition of chemical substances for an assessment of a crop quality of vegetable and fruit cultures". The varietal differences of content of soluble solids, sugars (including glucose, fructose, sucrose), organic acids (citric, malic), vitamin C, polyphenols, pectin substances are established. The fractional composition of fruits of some pears varieties of early maturing showed that it consists generally of monosugars; the share of fructose are more than 60% that causes dietary properties of fruits. Acidity of pears doesnt exceed 0,40% (the Talgarskaya Krasavitsa). The malic, succinic and citric acids are found in their structure. Vitamin C accumulation varied on the average from 5,3 to 10,4 mg/100g. Pear varieties of Velesa, Skromnitsa, Bere Krasnokytskaya, Krasulya, Melitopolyskaya are allocated as a result. These varieties differ of high commodity qualities and high content of nutritious and biologically active substances.

How to cite
Smelik T., Mozhar N., Avdeeva J. THE CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF PEAR FRUITS, GROWING IN THE SOUTH OF KRASNODAR REGION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 8–17. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/02.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
170 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.22:574.1
Keywords: PLUM, DOMESTIC, VARIETY, SUGARS, ACIDS, BIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION, VITAMINS, FRUIT QUALITY

Annotation

The purpose of work is allocation of the fruits of plum varieties most valuable on quality for their use in breeding work on creation of new form of varieties, possessing the high technological and flavoring qualities. The results of studying of biochemical composition of plum fruits of various varieties with use of well known methods of research are presented in the article. Influence of the content of sugars, acids, sugar-acid index, ascorbic acid and P-active agents on taste quality of plum fruits is shown. Depending on variety and also cultivations conditions the plum fruits contain 10-20% of sugars, 0,4-2,0% of acids, 10-20% of solids, 0,3-2,5 mg / 100g of pectin substances, 15-20 mg / 100g of vitamin C, to 80-100 mg / 100g of P-active agents, to 400 mg / 100g of anthocyanins. On the basis of complex of technical and biochemical evaluations of fruits quality, the most valuable nutritionally and technologically plum varieties were allocated: Chachakskaya improved, Chachakskaya late, Stanley, Milena, Krasnodarskaya, Valevka, Podruga, Krasotka, Gertsog. These forms of varieties have the large size of fruits, the high tasting estimates and they contain the high amount of sugars, acids, vitamins and they differ by optimum sugar-acid index. These varieties are recommended for expansion of existing industrial assortment of plum domestic in the Krasnodar Region and for use in the breeding work.

How to cite
Zaremuk R., Bogatyreva S., Smelik T. FRUITS QUALITY OF PERSPECTIVE VARIETIES OF PLUM DOMESTIC FOR KRASNODAR REGION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 18–26. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/03.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
180 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.2: 631.52(471.63)
Keywords: SWEET CHERRY, VARIETY, QUALITY, COMMODITY

Annotation

Defining indicator of promising varieties of culture is marketability of fruits. The results of research of varietal features of sweet cherry allowed to form the quality indicators of fruits are presented in the article. Research is conducted in the experimental gardens EPF "Central" (Krasnodar). The research based on the standard techniques of determination of fruits quality, their weight, size, attractiveness. Sweet cherry varieties are divided on maturing terms and in the each group the varieties capable to realize fully the biological potential of marketability of fruits are allocated. As a result of breeding works at NCRRIH&V the large-fruited sweet cherry varieties of early middle and late maturing with weight of fruits of 8-10 g are created. These varieties are forming a basis for further strengthening of this sign. In the course of studying the sweet cherry varieties with the stablest indicator of large fruits are revealed. On the basis of a tasting assessment the sweet cherry varieties with high tastes and most attractiveness are allocated, which tasting assessment was 4,6-4,8 points,. Results of the work carried out at the institute in the recent years allowed to renovate substantially the sweet cherry assortment, filled up it with new high-quality varieties. The most of these varieties currently pass the State test and 9 varieties entered into the State Register of Breeding Achievements.

How to cite
Alehina E. PROMISING SWEET CHERRY VARIETIES, FORMING FRUITS OF HIGH COMMODITY QUALITY [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 27–37. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/04.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
132 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.7:631.52 (471.63)
Keywords: STRAWBERRY, VARIETY, PRODUCTIVITY, YIELD CAPACITY, FRUITS QUALITY

Annotation

Many varieties of strawberry imported into Krasnodar region doesnt conform to the modern requirements to varieties, therefore the timely assessment of varieties on the major economic and valuable traits is necessary for their further production. It is the purpose of our work. 11 introduced varieties of strawberry on indicators of productivity and large-fruited were studied, the assessment of density of berries is carried out for 9 varieties. For carrying out of research the standard programs and techniques of Russia were used. The qualitative characteristic of berries including average weight, form, appearance, tastes quality was estimated. It is established that the average mass of strawberrys berries of the introduced varieties in the Krasnodar region doesnt reach to European standards (25 g). Florence, Molling Pandora and Irma varieties are the most large-fruited. The average mass of berries varied from 16,8 to 17,3 g. Alba and Florence varieties have the most berries dense of strawberry. High attractiveness of berries appearance is noted at Alba, Roxana and Florence varieties. Roxana, Florence. Onda and Irma varieties were the best by the results of general tasting assessment of berries. Florence is the only strawberrys variety which on all studied traits was included into group with the highest rates of indicators.

How to cite
Yakovenko V., Lapshin V. ESTIMATION OF STRAWBERRY VARIETIES ON THE YIELD CAPACITY AND QUALITY OF BERRIES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 38–45. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/05.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Breeding and production of planting material

pdf
154 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 581.143.6:634.7
Keywords: IN VITRO CULTURE, PLANTLETS, RASPBERRY, GOOSEBERRY, GROWTH STIMULATORS, HIGH-QUALITY VIRUS-FREE LANDING MATERIAL

Annotation

The meristems cultivation by a method of clonal microreproduction is the main way of production a qualitative virus-free landing material of fruits, berries and grapes cultures. High specificity of raspberry and gooseberry plantlets reaction on composition of nutrient medium during cultivation demands the individual selection of mediums components for the most successful reproduction in vitro of revitalized plants. This work is carried out in the Center of reproduction of fruit, berry crops and grapes of NRRIH&V. Object of research and improvement was the using now technique of production of the revitalized landing material of raspberry and a gooseberry varieties. The results of research on cultivation of raspberry and gooseberry meristems in vitro are presented in the article; the efficiency of various nutrient mediums is studied: Anderson, Lee De Fossard and 4 modifications of Murashige and Skoog (with various concentrations of biologically active substances and glycine). As a result of the research it is established that the most effective introduction in vitro culture of experimental varieties of raspberry and gooseberry (92% of meristems get accustomed) occurs on Murashige and Skoog nutrient medium (1962) containing macro- and microelements by recipe, vitamins C 1,0 mg/l, B1 1,0 mg/l, B6 0,5 mg/l, nicotinic acid 0,5 mg/l, inositol 100 mg/l, sucrose of 20 g/l, agar-agar 8 g/l with the doubled content of iron chelate and without glycine amino acid.

How to cite
Buntsevich L., Besedina E., Kostyuk M., Makarkina M. DEVELOPING OF NUTRIENT MEDIUMS' COMPOSITIONS FOR INTRODUCTION IN VITRO CULTURE OF PLANTLETS OF VARIETIES OF RASPBERRY AND GOOSEBERRY [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 46–55. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/06.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
159 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 631.811.98:634.8
Keywords: GRAPES, GRAFTED CUTTINGS, GRAPES PLANTS, GROWTH REGULATORS, WAXING

Annotation

One means of intensification of production of planting material is induction of growth corrective effects using bioeffective drugs growth regulators. Objects of study of bioeffective drugs influence on the growth corrective effects were grapes cuttings of technical Aligote variety grafted on Kober 5BB rootstock. As plant growth regulators were preparations obtained in JSC "Institute of Chemical Sciences named A.B. Bekturov" under the code AES-17 and KN-2 and DEB-41. The experiment was divided into two phases. As a result of analysis of all the dates of the first phases were identified three most effective variants of the experiment: AES-17 conc. 1, KN-2 conc. 1 and DEB -41 conc. 3. According to the results of the second phase , it was found that the level of profitability of the best results have options: KN-2 conc. 1 with level of profitability - 157.1 % and DEB -41 conc. 3 with levels of profitability - 134.2 %. These indexes exceeds the level of profitability of the control group on 31.3% and 8.4 %, respectively. It was found that the use of preparation KH 2 conc. 1, in the step before waxing of grafted cuttings, not only increases the yield of grafted grapes seedlings from nursery by 9.6%, but also increases the profitability up to 157.1 %, which is 31.3 % higher than in the control variant. Qualitative indicators of the grown-up saplings in option with preparation KN-2 application, exceeded the indicators of control option. Accounting of development of annual shoots showed that in KN-2 option has the greatest development of shoots which exceeds the control data on 6,7 cm. On qualitative indicators of soldering the most effective options of experience are the next: KN-2 conc. 1, and DEB-41 conc. 3 91,9% and 91,7% respectively.

How to cite
Nikolsky M., Pankin M., Kurmankulov N., Bortnikova K., Erzanov K., Vizer S. APPLICATION OF CORRECTIVE BIOEFFECTIVE PREPARATIONS IN THE PRODUCTION OF GRAFTED GRAPES SAPLINGS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 56–65. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/07.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
147 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.74:631.8
Keywords: SEA-BUCKTHORN, SUBSTRAT, GROWTH REGULATORS, ROOTING OF CUTTINGS, QUALITY OF SAPLINGS

Annotation

Considerable influence on rizogenesis of green cuttings, biometric indicators and quality of a landing material of fruit crops exerts a soil substratum. For process of rooting the methods of preparation of cuttings material have essential value also. Prelanding processing of cuttings in the solutions of growth regulators improves the rooting and quality of a landing material. The purpose of our work is research of influence of substratum and growth regulators on rooting of sea-buckthorn cuttings taking into account its varietal features. There are three varieties of a sea-buckthorn in the experience Businka, Zolotistaya and Chuyskaya. Landing of cuttings is carried out in the first decade of July. The nutritious mixes received on a basis of local raw materials sapropel, peat and lignin are researched. Green cuttings is carried out by the standard technique. It is established that the activity of rizogenesis and biometric parameters of sea-buckthorn cuttings depends on the varietal features, used substratum and applied growth regulators. The analysis of results of experience showed that the share of influence of growth regulators on quantity of standard landing material of sea-buckthorn is 55,2%, a substratum share is 42%, a share of varietal reactions of a sea-buckthorns plants is 2,8%. The most positive effect of impact on quality of a landing material of a sea-buckthorn is obtained on a substratum peat+sand+lignin+soil. On interaction "variety growth stimulator" the following combinations were more productively: Zolotistaya-IMK, Chuyskaya-IUK.

How to cite
Mistratova N. THE ROLE OF SUBSTRATORS AND GROWTH REGULATORS IN THE FORMATION OF QUALITY OF THE SEA-BUCKTHORN LANDING MATERIAL [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 66–73. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/08.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Mineral nutrition of plants

pdf
175 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.22: 631.52(471.63)
Keywords: PLUM, "POLIMIKS-AGRO" FERTILIZER, PHENOPHASE, YIELD CAPACITY, FRUIT QUALITY

Annotation

The results of research of complex Polimiks-Agro fertilizer use in the Stanley plums plantings in the Krasnodar Region are presented in the article. It is established that not root processing of trees by studied preparation promoted the increase of buds/fruits quantity on an one inflorescence of plums plants in comparison with control variant without treatment. Use the "Polimiks-Agro" preparation in the phase "fruit formation" have impact on rationing of ovary/buds/fruits on plums plant. The increase of trees productivity of Stenley variety in all variants of experience with processing by "Polimiks-Agro" preparation is noted. The greatest increase of plants productivity is revealed in option No. 8 21,3 (+6,5) t/hectare and in option No. 5 20,8 (+6,0) t/hectare, the productivity of control is 14,8 t/hectare. The greatest average mass of plums fruits is received on variant of experience No. 4 with processing by complex fertilizer in the phase " fruit formation" 37,4 g and No. 6 with processing of plants in the phase "blossoming beginning" + "fruit formation " 37,5 g, that is caused by smaller loading of fruits of plums plants in these variants of experience. The results of the carried out biochemical analysis showed that the "Polimiks-Agro" preparation didnt render the essential influence on dynamics of accumulation of sugars, acids and ascorbic acid in the fruits of Stanley plum.

How to cite
Bogatyreva S., Zaremuk R. EFFICIENCY OF INFLUENCE OF COMPLEX FERTILIZER OF "POLYMIX-AGRO" ON QUALITATIVE TRAITS OF STAINLEY PLUM IN THE PRECUBAN ZONE OF KRASNODAR REGION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 74–84. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/09.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
144 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 664.8:634.1
Keywords: SWEET CHERRY, FRUITS, OVARY, ANTIFREEZE, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, VITAMINS

Annotation

The purpose of research is to define the efficiency of a new preparation of Antifreese with a complex of biologically active agents for decrease of stressful influence on plants of weather conditions and receiving of high-quality fruits production. The conducted research allows to optimize the mode of application of Antifreeze of a Natural Origin (ANO) on sweet cherry of Kavkazskaya variety. Under the conditions of abnormally hot spring the ANO preparation used in the form of not root feeding of plants in a phase of formation of buds and blooming flowers (for 50-60 %) promoted the increase of sweet cherry ovary for 11,2-19,8 % in comparison with control variant. The increase of sweet cherry mass at 21,6 % is the other effect. This effect had a positive impact on commodity qualities of production. It is established by biochemical research that Antifreeze of Natural Origin had positive impact on accumulation of soluble solids, sugars and organic acids in the fruits, their quantity increased on 4-5%. The increase in the content of vitamin C at 16% and strengthening of color intensity of sweet cherries on 5 %, that allowed to receive fruits with high biochemical indicators of quality, was observed. The conclusion follows that Antifreeze is an additional means to correct the accumulation of antioxidants, and it has a positively affect on improvement of biological and nutritional value of fruits and their consumer qualities.

How to cite
Prichko T., Germanova M., Smelik T. INFLUENCE OF NON-ROOT TREATMENTS OF ANTIFREEZE PREPARATION ON THE FORMATION OF SWEET CHERRY FRUIT'S QUALITY [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 85–92. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/10.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
169 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.2 : 631.811.98
Keywords: GIBBERELLIN, FRUITS, SWEET CHERRY, OVARY, MASS, BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS

Annotation

It is known that by means of growth regulators of various physiological mechanism of action it is possible to directly regulate the processes of growth and fructification of fruit crops. The purpose of research is to define the degree of influence of gibberellin treatmtnt of sweet cherrys plants on fruit ovary, the increase of their size, the maintenance of biologically active elements and trees productivity. Gibberellin was applied on Cavkazkaya sweet cherry in the Precuban fruits zone of Krasnodar Region. Object of studying of gibberellin action on sweet cherrys plants are the flowers during mass blossoming and fruits during active growth and maturing. In the period of full maturity of fruits in the laboratory of storage and processing of NCRRIH&V the content of biologically active agents is defined. It is established that trees treatment of gibberellin during formation of fruits reduces their falling and promotes to formation of full ovary. Excess of quantity of well remained and developed fruits in comparison with control is 33%. Gibberellin in all options of experience promoted the acceleration of fruits maturing of sweet cherry in comparison with control option. It is allocated as the optimum the double processing of preparation on blossoming and ovary of sweet cherry, which authentically improved the biochemical fruits indicators. This processing increased the content of P-active agents on 50,8-63,4 mg / 100g and quantity of anthocyanes (374,6 mg / 100) in the fruits of sweet cherry.

How to cite
Prichko T., Alehina E. INFLUENCES OF PROCESSINGS BY GIBBERELLIN ON PRODUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF SWEET CHERRIES FRUITS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 93–102. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/11.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Quality Management

pdf
359 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.86:631.565.004.3
Keywords: TABLE GRAPES, EVALUATION OF TRANSPORTABILITY, FOLIAR FERTILIZERS, REGRESSION EQUATIONS

Annotation

According to the technological requirements for table grapes the transportability of variety is an important quality criterion. It is not always possible to characterize the transportability of table grapes varieties by the transportability coefficient, so the task of our research was to develop a method for objective evaluation of transportability of table grapes varieties and to determine the percentage of influence of cultural practices on transportabilitys indexes. Based on a study of indirect transportabilitys indexes of table grapes varieties and the results of conducted discriminant analysis, the regression equations describing evaluation of a concrete grapes variety for three levels of transportability were proposed. These equations allow to evaluate the impact of different cultural practices on the percentage of transportabilitys properties of a variety in its relation to different groups of transportability. With the purpose of testing the proposed method, the evaluation of impact of foliar feeding (as a cultural practice) on transportability of table grapes varieties was given. The analysis of data showed that, in most cases, the foliar feeding had a significant impact on indirect transportability indexes of studied varieties. The obtained regression equations were also tested with the purpose to evaluate the transportability of new table grapes varieties.

How to cite
Beibulatov M., Boyko V. EVALUATION OF TRANSPORTABILITY OF TABLE GRAPES VARIETIES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 103–110. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/12.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
138 Кб
7 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 663.223.3
Keywords: GRAPES, TECHNOLOGY OF PROCESSING, WINEMAKING MATERIAL, FOAM PROPERTIES, SURFACE TENSION

Annotation

The purpose of this work is to establish the dependence of foamy properties of wine materials, made from varieties of interspecific breeding Bianka, Pervenets Magaracha and Podarok Magaracha, from a place of grapes growth and technology of its processing. For research of wine materials produced by the enterprises of Anapa and Temryuk area of Krasnodar Region are chosen. The results of research showed that the value of foam-forming ability of wine material depends on varietal features of grapes not only, but also on a place of its growing. It is established for all studied grapes varieties the following regularity: in the samples developed from grapes, growing in the Temryuk area, the value of foam-forming ability is slightly higher, than it is in wine materials from the Anapas area. The increase in height of foam column during samples foaming to 11-13 mm was observed in a course of research of wine materials of Aligote and Podarok of Magaracha. The conclusion is drawn that in Aligote and Podarok Magaracha wine materials the surface-active substances with raised foam-forming (not defaming) function is prevailed. The wine materials produced from interspecific hybrids of grapes of Bianka, Podarok Magaracha, Pervenets Magaracha and Aligotes classical variety, have close value of foam-forming ability and a surface tension. The results of conducted research show, that the technology of production of wine materials had the greatest impact on foam-forming ability.

How to cite
Ageeva N., Danielyan A., Simonenko E. STUDY OF THE FOAM PROPERTIES OF WINEMAKINGS MATERIALS, PRODUCED FROM THE INTERSPECIES HYBRIDS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 111–117. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/13.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).

Publishing of young scientists and postgraduates

pdf
152 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.5 : 664.8
Keywords: WALNUT, VARIETIES, CONTENT OF VITAMINS, BIOLOGICAL ACTIVE AGENTS, READY-MADE PRODUCT

Annotation

Work purpose is walnuts study in the different periods of maturing and the use of its fruits for improvement of food quality. The research of walnut in a dairy maturity, rowing in the Kuban is conducted, taking into account the varieties features. Biochemical analisis of fruit raw materials were conducted in the laboratory of storage and processing of fruits and berries of NCRRIH&V by the standard methods. In the walnut fruits it is noted the high content of potassium, calcium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus and iron, and also microelements which are a part of various enzymes that influence on exchange processes in an mans organism. The most valuable microelement of walnut is the iodine, which quantity varies taking into account varieties features of fruits. On the basis of the conducted research the ready-made product of a special purpose "Fruits shredded Storeroom of vitamins" with use of walnut of dairy degree of maturity which fruits are a high source of biologically active agents, mineral macro- and microeltmtnts is developed. The total maintenance of natural antioxidants in 100 g of a ready-made product is 282,4 mg / 100 g due to introduction of a shredded walnut. It fills daily need of a man organism for vitamin C, polyphenolic substancts, pectin, mineral substances (potassium, calcium, magnesium, sodium), and also for 50% vitamin P and iodine. Use of walnut fruits of dairy degree of a maturity will allow to increase the quality of ready-made products and to give them the functional importance.

How to cite
Droficheva N. THE USE OF WALNUT TO IMPROVE THE QUALITY OF FOOD PRODUCTS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 118–125. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/14.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
2530 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.8 : 631.52
Keywords: NURSERY FIELD, CUTTINGS, PRODUCTIVITY, QUALITY, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

Annotation

The productions technology of fruit saplings for different types of gardens demands of selection of rootstocks of certain growth force and the differentiated approach to technology of saplings cultivation. Quality of the shoots, landed in the first field of nursery, is a leading factor of ensuring of standard saplings receiving. The purpose of this research is to pick up the root stocks of low growing group connected with the requirements of carrying out of grafting at the height of 40 cm, possessing by rather intensive vertical growth of shoots, high yield of standard layers and their minimum branching. For realization of tasks the modern methods of field and laboratory research are used. These indicators were analyzed: receiving of standard layers from unit of area, parameters of overground part of layers, the intensity of rooting, the property to branching of annual layers, the curvature of layers. It is established that quality of layers substantially was defined by rootstocks type. The research showed that the control CK2 rootstock yields to MM102 and CK4 rootstocks. So, MM102 rootstock on the average in two years had the production of standard layers on 27,4 thousand/hectare higher, than CK2 and had not the curvature of shoots that is an important factor for using of a high grafting. The CK4 rootstock had not thorn prickles of shoots that increase its technological efficiency in the nursery fields. M9 and M9EMLA rootstocks yield to a control rootstock on production of standard layers, they have a big branching of annual shoots. For conducting of high grafting MM102, CK4 and M9EMLA rootstocks are recommended.

How to cite
Oplachko R., Alferov V. SELECTION OF LOW GROWING APPLE'S ROOTSTOCKS FOR HIGH QUALITY SAPLINGS WITH HIGH GRAFTING [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 126–134. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/15.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
178 Кб
14 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.85:631.541:632.752.2/.951
Keywords: LEAF FORM OF PHYLLOXERA, HARMFULNESS, WHITE MUSCAT, INSECTICIDIES, TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY, PREDATORS

Annotation

From the beginning of 2000 the development of a phylloxera leaf form was fixed on vineyards of the South of Ukraine at all growing grapes varieties, including European grafted varieties. The work purpose is studying of bioecological features of development of a phylloxera leaf form, the search of its natural enemies and selection of preparations for effective protection of grapes plantings. In the course of research we studied the influence of abiotic factors (air temperature, amount of precipitations, the sum of active temperatures) on development of a phylloxera leaf form; the efficiency insecticides action from various chemical groups; harmfulness of a phylloxera leaf form; biocenotic communications of a phylloxera leaf form of with the complex of entomophages. Field experiments were conducted according to "A technique of a field experiment". The spreading of a phylloxera leaf form of in the field conditions at various grapes varieties was studied by a method of route inspections. According to the results of three years' research the close correlation connections between the development of a phylloxera leaf form and the following abiotic factors were established: air temperature (r =-0,84), sum of active temperatures (r =-0,90), amount of precipitations (r = 0,99), hydrothermal coefficient (r = 0,95). On the basis of the obtained data the optimal terms of sprayings of grapes plants against a leaf form of phylloxera are established. By the results of tests of various systems of protective measures the calculation of economic efficiency of grapes production was carried out. It is established that the Karate Zeon is the most effective preparation against a leafs form of phylloxera. The predatory species of insects are revealed, it is possible to use them in a biological method of grapes plants protection.

How to cite
Matveikina E., Stranishevskaya E. DEVELOPMENT OF PHYLLOXERA LEAF FORM OF ON GRAFTED PLANTS OF THE EUROPEAN GRAPES VARIETY AND IMPROVEMENT OF PROTECTIVE MEASURES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 135–148. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/16.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
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Date posted: 15.07.2014
UDC: 634.85:631.541:632.752.2/.951
Keywords: GRAPE FELT MITE; HARMFULNESS, INSECTICIDIES, TECHNICAL EFFICIENCY, QUALITI OF YIELD, PROFITABILITY, NET INCOME

Annotation

In the last 10 years the increase in intensity of spreading and development of grape felt mite is observed and its harmfulness becomes stranger. Expansion of an area of wreckers spreading causes the necessity of carrying out of research directed on studying of features of its development and elaboration of system of protective measures for industrial grapes plantings. The work purpose is differentiation of grapes varieties zoned in the Southern Steppe of Ukraine on a damage rate of grape felt mite; an assessment of its harmfulness; studying of efficiency of insekt-acaricides from various chemical groups and determination of optimal terms of their application. The methods of research are: field for determination of intensity of spreading and harmfulness of grape felt mite; agritechnical measurement of productive indicators of grapes plants; culculative for determination of efficiency of system of protective measures. It is shown that efficiency of studied preparations is 78-90 % on the 28th day after spraying, and on the 45th day is 75-94 %. Maximum efficiency was obtained under treatment by Demitan and Masay preparations. In the course of work the features of development of a grape felt mite, the level of its spreading and harmfulness at zoned grapes varieties are studied; the optimal terms of carrying out of protective measures are determined and the most effective insecticides from various chemical groups are revealed. The developed protective measures allow to increase the net income due to increasing of yields quantity and quality of grapes and save the material resources to produce a unit of production. Prime cost of 1 ton of grapes production decreased in comparison with control by 5%; with application of studied preparations the net income increased on options I-III by 14%; the profitability of grapes production increased by 9%.

How to cite
Vdovichenko I., Stranishevskaya E. DEVELOPMENT OF THE GRAPES ERINEUM MITE OF THE EUROPEAN GRAPES AND IMPROVEMENT OF PROTECTIVE MEASURES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2014. № 28(4). pp. 149–168. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/14/04/17.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).