Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Issue: 40(4)

Date posted: 15.07.16

Total articles: 15

Total authors: 39

Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection

pdf
464 Кб
13 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 634.8
Keywords: INFORMATION SYSTEMS, GENETIC RESOURCES, DATABASES, GRAPES, VARIETY

Annotation

Stability of development of national economy demands the implementation of state regulation measures for overcoming of reduction of national genetic resources of animals and plants. In a national strategy of preservation of Russia biodiversity the important part is assigned to creation of information system on genetic resources. The Vitis collections are in the world on the 23rd place. The largest holders of grapes collections are the institutes of France and Germany. In the world a lot of work on creation of national and global information banks of plants genetic resources is carried out. Since 2008 the Genesys project - the world information center of genetic resources of agricultural plants is carried out. It unites the following information resources: SINGER, EURISCO and GRIN. The international organizations and the government organizations of the USA develop the international databank of plants genetic resources of GRIN-Global. The international bibliographic database of VITIS-VEA grapes is created. On the basis of Federal scientific center of cultural plants of JKI (Germany) in 2007 the European database of grapes (The European Vitis Database) is created. At the N. I. Vavilov All-Russian Institute of genetic resources of plants for management of a collection from 1970th the database of genetic resources of plants is developed, replenished and modified. This base contains the information on 202725 samples of the main catalog. The priority in creation of a databank on grapes in the CIS countries belongs to Institute of grapes and wine "Magarach". The database of a gene pool of the Russian ampelographic collection (Anapa) contains the information on 50 indicators. In the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of Vine growing and Winemaking (Novocherkassk) the work on creation of database of an ampelographic collection of Institute is carried out. The methodology of creation of the electronic database of grapes genetic resources is developed.

How to cite
Novikova L., Naumova L., Ryabchun I. INFORMATION SYSTEMS OF GRAPES GENETIC RESOURCES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 1–13. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/01.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
148 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 634.23:631.52
Keywords: CHERRY, COLLECTION, VARIETY, GENOTYPE, BREEDING, ADAPTABILITY, PRODUCTIVITY, QUALITY OF FRUITS

Annotation

Genetic resources of fruit plants is the one of the most important components of biological diversity having the actual value for industry of fruit production and creation of raw materials for processing industry. In this regard the problems of studying and rational use of genetic collections are especially actual and they have connected with ensuring of food safety of the country. The results of use of genetic resources of stone fruit crops under the conditions of the South of Russia are presented in this article. The main directions of cherry breeding under the conditions of the southern gardening as the adaptability, and quality of fruits are shown. The characteristic is given to the cherry varieties of local breeding received on the basis of methods of trans-varieties and trans-species and hybridization and a mutagenesis. It is shown the efficiency of the directed breeding with use of sources of valuable traits allowed you to create the cherry varieties of new generation, steady against the dominate diseases (cocomicosus and monilia), drought-resistant, productive and with the high quality of fruits. By results of breeding work in the State register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation has included by two cherry varieties of breeding of the North Caucasian Regional Research Institute - Kirina and Krasnodarskaya sladkaya differing in high quality of fruits and productivity. The cherry varieties of different term of ripening are transferred to the State variety testing in the Region: early ripening - Aleksa and Cazachka, average ripening - Cubanochka, and variety of Nora of late term of ripening. The patent is taken out on Aleksa cherry. New varieties expand the zoned and promising assortment of stone fruit crops of domestic breeding and give the chance for creation of varieties resistant against biotic and abiotic stresses and for creation of steadily fructifying and highly productive cherry plantings in the South of Russia.

How to cite
Zaremuk R., Kopnina T. GENE POOL OF CHERRY AND PROSPECT OF HIS BREEDING USING [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 14–22. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/02.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
928 Кб
7 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 631.52:634.511
Keywords: PERSIAN WALNUT, VARIETY, WINTER HARDNESS, YELD CAPACITY, FRUITS QUALITY

Annotation

At the All-Russian research institute of a lupine (Bryansk), the Astachovsky walnut variety is created and in 2015 it is allowed to use in the South of the Nonchernozem zone by the State register of breeding achievements. The new variety is created by A.I. Astakhov using the selection from posterity of the walnut in the third generation received from the Truskavets botanic garden. This article contains the results of an economic and biological assessment of variety of Astakhovsky walnut. Special attention is paid to winter hardness of a plant and quality of fruits. It is shown that the winter hardness of a tree is good. After winter of 2006 with the minimum temperature-29º the freezing of trees has made 1,5-2 points, and trees were restored well. It is noted that trees don't slow the growth and in autumn before frosts they throw down the leaves. It promotes the good preparation of trees for winter and their rewintering. The Astakhovsky variety is more winter-hardy, than the well known variety of Ideal, and also surpasses him in the size of fruits. The trees begin to fructify since 5-6 years. Fructification is annual. Productivity from 7 to 10 years - 10-20 kg from a tree, at mature age - to 0,30 t/ha. The average mass of a walnut is 23,4 g, maximal mass is 27,1 g. Tasting assessment is 5 points. The walnut breeds by an inoculation and seeds, it is steady against diseases and vermins. The conclusion is made that Astakhovsky variety corresponds to climatic conditions of the Bryansk Region. High winter hardiness, resistance to diseases and vermins, productivity with high quality of fruits allow you to recommend this walnut variety for cultivation under the conditions of a midland of Russia.

How to cite
Kanshina M. NEW PERSIAN WALNUT VARIETY FOR MIDDLE PART OF RUSSIA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 23–29. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/03.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
259 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 634.8:631.527
Keywords: GRAPES, INDIGENOUS DAGHESTAN VARIETIES, AMPELOGRAPHIC COLLECTION, PRODUCTIVITY, CROP QUALITY

Annotation

The tendency to the revival of indigenous varieties is observed, last time. The article presents the results of the study of 8 native Daghestan grapes varieties. The following features were studied: agrobiological characteristics, yield and productivity, condition of crop and tasting evaluation. The research was carried out in 2010-2014 at the ampelographic collection of Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution All-Russian Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking named after Ya.I. Potapenko (Novocherkassk, Russia). The object of study is the grapes varieties: Agadai, Ag Isum, Gulyabi Daghestanskiy, Gok Ala, Gok Isum, Makhborcibil, Mola Husseincibil, Yay Isum Beliy. The aim of the research was to select the valuable genotypes of Daghestan autochthonous varieties with improved adaptive and economic properties in the Lower Don Area. The study was carried out using the modern and classical techniques. The research alow you to select the following high yield varieties: Mall Husseincibil, Gulabi Daghestanskiy, Makhborcibil, Asil Kara. The mass concentration of sugars and organic acids in the juice of berries are the main indicators of the grapes berry quality during period of their ripening. Makhbarcivil and Asyl Kara varieties had the highest sugar content. The highest tasting scores were given to the varieties of Agaday and Mola Husseincibil. Analysis of carried out research has shown that the varieties of Molla Husseincibil, Asil Kara, Gulabi Daghestan and Makhborcibil have the complex of highest economically valuable traits. We continue the study of the indigenous Daghestan grapes varieties in the collection of the Lower Pre Don area.

How to cite
Naumova L., Ganich V. PROMISING DAGESTAN NATIVE GRAPES VARIETIES FOR CULTIVATION UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE LOWER PRE DON AREA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 30–38. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/04.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
154 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 663.2:634.8:631.52
Keywords: PROMISING VARIETIES OF GRAPES, ASSORTMENT, AGRIC AND BIOLOGICAL TRAITS, TABLE WINE MATERIALS

Annotation

Now it is necessary to increase significantly the volumes of production of high-quality production of grapes in the Russian Federation, and for this purpose it is necessary to expand the areas under vineyards. The necessary potential for this purpose the country has - it is possible 100 thousand hectares of grapes plantings to increase to 300-400 thousand hectares. Within the program of development of agriculture existing till 2020th year expansion of the areas of vineyards to 140 thousand hectares is provided. The solution of this task requires the deeper study of new Don technical grapes varieties for this introduction in the production. In this regard the identification of promising white grapes varieties breeding of the All-Russian Research Institute of Vine growing and Winemaking named after Ya.I. Potapenko and scientific ground of their practical application has became a purpose of our research. Agric-biological and technical characteristics on the promising grapes varieties which are of special value for production use on Don are given in this article. During the carried out research it is established that at high productivity the studied of grapes varieties have the high quality of a harvest and they are more steadier against fungal diseases, and it speaks about the high profitability of their cultivation and about prospect of these varieties for production at the present stage of economic development. The results of supervision allow you to recommend the new white technical grapes varieties of Institute breeding for wide production testing in the Don Region. It will give you the chance to increase in assortment of white technical grapes varieties, including muscat varieties, for production of high-quality white table wines.

How to cite
Kashkara C., Matveeva N., Maystrenko L. THE DON GRAPES VARIETIES FOR PRODUCTION OF HIGH QUALITY TABLE WINES UNDER THE MODERN ECONOMIC CONDITIONS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 39–49. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/05.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).

Resource potential of the agricultural territories

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460 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 631.45:634.1:004
Keywords: SOIL FERTILITY, CARBONATE CONCENTRATION, LIMITING FACTORS, GIS MAPPING, PLACEMENT OF FRUIT TYPES

Annotation

The basis of rational distribution of fruit crops is the principle of consistency between their requirements to soil conditions and soil features on specific indicators: the level of salt content, moisture content, mechanical composition, density, and others. In this regard, the study and evaluation of soil and nvironmental conditions using the perspective methods of accounting and systematization of information on specific fruit farms and orchards quarters are very actual. For the territory of Krasnodar Region the content and depth of the carbonate - one of the limiting factors of growth of fruit crops (except apricot) were analyzed. The forecast of optimal placement of fruit crops depending on soil conditions was carried out with the help of geographic information technologies (GIS) based on computer databases spatially coordinated data, coupled with special software and hardware for data entry, storage and multipurpose analysis. On the basis of GIS the computer maps were built, reflecting the soil properties for each indicator were created. As a result of the work it is carried out the systematization of soil and resource data for the Krasnodar Region on the indicators of gardens suitability based on data bases (DB), coupled with the special software and hardware. The results of our work are presented on the example of identifying areas with a high content of CaCO3 in the soil layers at depths of up to 1 m across the region. The computer maps for ecologically accurate and economically viable placement of fruit types on the macrozones in the landscape are created.

How to cite
Savin I., Dragavtseva I., Sergeeva N., Mironenko N., Morenets A., Domozhirova V. METHOD OF GEO INFORMATIONAL MAPPING FOR EFFECTIVE USING OF SOIL FERTILITY FOR GARDENS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 50–57. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/06.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).

Breeding and production of planting material

pdf
172 Кб
13 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 634.1: 632.3: 576.3
Keywords: VIRUSES OF FRUIT AND BERRIES CROPS, REVITALIZING, SEEDLING PRODUCTION, DISEASE-FREE PLANTING MATERIAL, CULTURE IN VITRO

Annotation

The state, productivity and durability of gardens depend on quality of the produced saplings. The main indicator of saplings quality is their virus-free status. Besides, for the creation of modern intensive plantings the trees which are correctly created and early entering into fructification are required. Improvement of quality of landing material can be reached by means of development of special technologies and methods. The purpose of this work is the analysis of foreign and domestic achievements in the field of production of the revitalized landing material and definition of the main tendencies in the development of branch of a nursery industry. As the analysis of scientific publications has shown, the greatest number of practices is noted in two directions of development of a modern nursery industry of fruit and berry crops: the improvement of plants by the way in vitro and mikroclonal reproduction and the improvement of production technologies of landing material. The following directions of research have been selected: the development of optimal structure of nutrient mediums for micro reproduction of fruit and berry crops; the selection of disinfectants for sanitation of explants when introduction to culture and further reproduction; the optimization of physical factors of cultivation (lighting, temperature, humidity, etc.); the selection of optimal conditions for adaptation of microplants to in vivo conditions. It is concluded that the experience of the leading fruit-growing countries of the world (USA, Italy, Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, Poland, etc.) on use of the revitalized landing material has allowed these countries to ensure the high production efficiency of fruits and berries. Therefore now in Russia special relevance is acquired by the question of transfer of fruit growing branch on the use of the revitalized landing material is particularly urgent.

How to cite
Kostyuk M., Buntsevich L. REVITALIZING OF FRUITS AND BERRYS CROPS FROM VIRAL INFECTIONS BY THE METHOD OF MERISTEMS IN VITRO [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 58–70. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/07.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
1035 Кб
10 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 58.087
Keywords: MICROFOCUS X-RAY, NONDESTRUCTIVE CONTROL, QUALITY OF SEEDS

Annotation

It is noted in this article that one of the main reasons for the decline of sowing qualities of seeds and planting material is the presence of various internal defects, such as a hidden injury or damage by pests. The seeds with the hidden defects can not be sorted by the sorting machines, and so they are a constant component of all production batches of fruits and seeds. These seeds can be detected by microfocus X-ray analysis. Microfocus X-ray can be used to control of seeds quality and to study their internal structure. The purpose of this work is the development of microfocus X-ray technique to determine the quality of fruits and seeds. As a result of our carried out research the voltage, anode current and exposure time are included in the definition of the required zoom factor modes of X-ray apparatus. The modes of microfocus X-ray for control of different structure and size seeds was selected. It was confirmed that the technique can be used to inspect the seeds of various sizes. The method is tested on a large number of seeds from the collection of the Botanic Garden of Great Peter (Sankt-Petersburg). It has been confirmed by results of our carried out research that the use of microfocus X-ray technique allows you to quickly select the seed of good quality, not affected by pest and to use them for future planting and also to receive of a greater number of shoots. The prospects for a technique to identify the problems with the collected seeds had been shown.

How to cite
Staroverov N. EVALUATION OF SEEDS SOWING QUALITIES OF PLANTS IN THE BOTANIC GARDEN OF GREAT PETER BY MEANS OF MICRO FOCUS X-RAY [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 71–80. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/08.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
1088 Кб
12 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 634.11 : 631.53: 631.541
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, NURSERY, ROOTSTOCKS, VARIETIES, HIGH CHIP BUDDING, SEEDLINGS

Annotation

Using the traditional method of cultivation of an apple-tree seedling the chip budding is carried out in the first field of nursery on two-year part of a rootstock. Based on the long term research the conclusion is made that the apple varieties with the increasing of altitude of chip budding reduce the crown volume and the yield of the tree, but they increase the intensity of fruiting per unit of crown volume. But nurseries, due to lack of rational technology, mainly continue to produce the seedlings with chip budding at a height of 15-20 cm. A new method for the preparation of rootstocks in the first field of nursery for high budding, in which all shoots on rootstock in early spring are removal except one vertical shoot. This way stimulates the growth of the left shoot and at the time of chip budding that shoot reaches a height of 120-130 cm. At the height of 55-60 cm the thickness of shoot reaches 8-10 mm and that is sufficient to the chip budding. According to the yield and quality of seedlings the proposed method is similar to the conventional method of chip budding, but also it has advantages. The cutting of plant on the bud requires the less efforts, it is noted the less breaking of shoots from strong winds. The shoots with cuttings over 75 cm in height in the first field was not enough productive because of their inferior survival, the rise of assimilating surface is delayed due to violation of the correlation between the above-ground part of plant and root system, and it significantly reduced their development. The quantity of standard seedlings at a chip budding in the shoot of current year at the height of 55-60 cm t on 36-58% was higher than at the chip budding in two years wood.

How to cite
Alferov V., Zaerko T. IMPROVEMENT OF TECHNOLOGY OF APPLE SEEDLINGS CULTIVATION USING THE HIGH CHIP BUDDING [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 81–92. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/09.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).

Physiology and biochemistry of plants

pdf
617 Кб
11 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 634.11: 631.52: 581.1.032.3
Keywords: DROUGHT, APPLE-TREE, VARIETY, ROOTSTOCK, WATER REGIME, RESISTANCE

Annotation

The data confirming to the considerable warming of climate which is observed last decade are presented in the article. In summer months in the Central Chernozem region of Russia a large amount of rainfall drops out, and the long period there is a drought. One of ways of fight against this phenomenon in gardening is the selection of drought-resistant varieties and rootstocks of fruit crops. Drought resistance is the dynamic property and it is closely connected with a cycle of development of plants and conditions of environment. It is necessary for fruit crops, including an apple-tree, to adapt to droughty conditions of cultivation. It is known that the resistance of plants to adverse external factors is defined by a condition of intracellular water and a ratio of free and connected water in the tissues. The fractional composition and a ratio of fractions of water give an idea about intensity of water balance, water-retaining ability which is protective reaction of a plant organism under the conditions of manifestation of stressful factors. In the submitted article the analysis of weather conditions of the spring and summer period in the Oryol Region is given. The water content in the tissues and fractional composition of water in the leaves of an apple-tree varieties of summer ripening period of the All-Russian Scientific Research Institute of fruit crops breeding as Orlinka, Yablochny Spas and a variety of autumn ripening period of Pamyat Isayeva on dwarfish inserted rootstocks of 3-17-38, 62-396 and on a vegetative rootstock 62-396 is studied. In the course of research the dynamic reduction of water content in the leaves of all studied apple-tree scion-rootstocks combinations in the adverse climatic conditions of the summer period of 2014-2015 is revealed, and it speaks about their high drought resistance.

How to cite
Galasheva A., Pavel A. THE CONTENT OF FREE AND FIXED WATER IN THE LEAVES OF APPLE VARIETIES ON DWARF ROOTSTOCKS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 93–103. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/10.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).

Construction of plantings, forming of crown

pdf
643 Кб
7 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 634.8 (077)
Keywords: GRAPES, PLANTINGS, THINNING, ROWS, ACCOUNTS, METHOD

Annotation

Biological features of grapes plants, their selective insistence to temperature condition, and especially to minimal air temperatures, limit an area of its growth. Cultivation of plantings under severe climatic conditions is followed by deterioration of grapes quality, damage of separate bodies of plants up to full death of bushes. Under these conditions the problem of formation of steady ampelocenoses and prevention of sparse grapes planting is actual. For providing an objective assessment of vineyards condition the object is to develop a technique of definition of sparse grapes plantings, and carrying out of monitoring with high precision. As object of research were used the most wide spread grapes plantings in the North Caucasus Region, including the largest producers as Krasnodar Region, Republic of Dagestan, Stavropol Region and others. Scientifically reasonable method of definition of sparse grapes plantings is presented in the article. When developing a method for reliable inspection of orchardsfor sparseplanting the selective accountsin the each row and with an interval through 1, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 rows are carried out.Presentability of selectionfor carryingout of accountsis determined by a difference of sparse indicators in the plantings receivedin the selective rowsand in an each row. It is establishedthat in the process of reductionof quantity of selective rowsfor calculation the mistake graduallyincreases.The results of the carriedoutresearch have shown-thatfor scientifically based inspection of vineyards for sparseplantings with highprecision,at a sign toleranceto 5%, the accounts needto be carriedout with an intervalthrough five grapes rows,and sixth rowshould beconsideredas a rowthatneed calculation.

How to cite
Petrov V., Pavlyukova T. DENERMINATION OF SPARSING OF GRAPES ORCHARDS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 104–110. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/11.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).

Mineral nutrition of plants

pdf
618 Кб
19 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 634.8
Keywords: GRAPES, MINERAL FERTILIZERS, TOP-DRESSING, YIELD, QUALITY OF WINE MATERIALS

Annotation

The article presents the results of research of the influence of the new water-soluble foliar fertilizers as Atlant Plus, Nutrivant Plus, Kelik potassium-silicon and complex of microelements (KM) - B, Mn and Zn on agrobiological and technological characteristics of the technical grapes variety of Chardonnay. Research were carried out in the AF CGC "Primorskoye" of the Temryuk District. The experimental setup consisted 5 options: no treatment (control); Atlant Plus - 2 kg / ha; Nutrivant Plus - 1 kg / ha; Kelik potassium-silicon - 3 kg / ha; microelements (In, Zn, Mn) - 600 g / ha. The consumption rate of the working fluid is 500 l / ha. During the growing season the foliar application was carried out in three terms: after flowering, in the growth phase of berries (berry of a pea) and in the beginning of berries ripening. It was found that foliar fertilizing of vines by all tested fertilizers has led to some increase in weight of the bunch and the significant increase in yield from the bush on 4,3-6,5%. Kelik potassium-silicon contributed to an increase in safety factor and fruiting buds, Nutrivant Plus - factor of fruiting, and Atlant Plus and KM - the coefficient of fruitfulness and the number of fruit-bearing buds at least two buds. The use of fertilizers led to a significant increase in the sugar content in the juice of berries and to some reduction in the content of titratable acids. The highest content of chlorophyll (a + b), and the amount of carotene and pigments have appeared in the versions of "Atlanta Plus" and "Kelik potassium-silicon", in which the berries have the highest sugar content. Application of Nutrivant Plus and Atlant Plus helped to improve the quality of wine materials. The highest estimate was provided by foliar fertilizing of bushes by complex of micro elements (boron, manganese, zinc).

How to cite
Radchevskiy P., Matuzok N., Troshin L., Bazoyan S., Taran Y., Prakh A. INFLUENCE OF FERTILIZERS TOP-DRESSING OF NEW GENERATION ON BASIC AGROBIOLOGICAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL INDEXES OF CHARDONNAY'S GRAPES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 111–129. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/12.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
536 Кб
8 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 664.8: 634. 1
Keywords: STRAWBERRY, NOT ROOT TOP DRESSING, PRODUCTIVITY, CHEMICAL COMPOSITION, QUALITY OF BERRIES

Annotation

When forming the quality of strawberry berries one of important elements is the use of the fertilizers capable to protect the plants from external influences and to purposefully regulate their growth and development. In this work it is presented the results of use not root feeding by liquid complex fertilizer with micro elements of "Alga Mix B Mg" for different phases of development of strawberry plants of Onda for control of harvest formation and a chemical composition of berries. As a result of the carried out research the positive influence of the complex fertilizer on strawberry productivity is established: the number of flowers exceeded control for 2,3%, the number of developed berries - for 23% with increase in average mass of berries by 15%. It allow you to receive a harvest on 5,8 t/hectare higher. The use of not root feeding of strawberry by complex fertilizer of "Alga Mix B Mg" has allowed to improve the quality of berries: the content of soluble solids and sugars increased on 2,3%, vitamin C - on 41,1%. It is shown the improvement of tastes of strawberry berries under the influence of non root feeding due increasing in content of sugars and decrease in acidity. The strengthening of intensity of berries color connected with increase in quantity of anthocyan pigments for 13,8% favorably affects the commodity and consumer qualities of strawberry, and also the acceleration of berries maturing (for 3-4 days) demonstrates. The results of the carried out research show that by means of not root top dressing by complex fertilizer of "Alga Mix B Mg" possibly to increase in productivity, commodity qualities, nutrition and biological value of strawberry berries.

How to cite
Prichko T., Hilko L., Germanova M. INFLUENCE OF FOLIAR FERTILIZATION ON QUALITY OF STRAWBERRY BERRIES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 130–137. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/13.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).

Phytosanitary condition of plants

pdf
525 Кб
9 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 632.934.1
Keywords: PEAR, PEAR PSYLLA, DEVELOPMENT, INSECTICIDES, BIOLOGICAL EFFICIENCY

Annotation

The basis for profitable fruit growing is the variety, is biological characteristics define the nature of the growth, fruiting and productivity of horticultural crops, dictate the requirements for the application of various technologies. One of the main pests of pear is a pear psylla (Psylla pyri L.), which in large numbers, can cause the death of pear plantations. The range of products currently authorized for use in pear orchards, does not provide the effective protection against pest. In the context of growing seasons 2010-2012 on plants varieties Osennyaya Yakovleva in the fight against the proliferation of mass pear psylla the drugs were used: Dimilin (1 kg / ha) - an insecticide belonging to the group of regulators of growth and development of insects; Aktara (0.2 kg / ha) - insecticide of enteric-contact action; Vertimek (0.75 l / ha) - insectoacaricide of enteric-contact action; Decis Profi (0.06 kg / ha) - insecticide of enteric-contact action; B-58 New (1.5 l / ha) - a system-contact insectoacaricide; Calypso (0.4 l / ha) - a contact-intestinal insecticide with systemic action. Effective application of insecticides against the pest is provided only with taking into account the biology of the pest development. Thus, the monitoring of weather conditions and analysis of the development of pear psylla during the growing season helped to reduce the pesticide load in the plantations of fruit bearing pear and increase profitability pear fruit. According the weather conditions and the degree of development of the pest, the used preparations showed different efficacy. The weather conditions in 2010 and 2012 helped the highest prevalence and development of pear sucker (the optimum temperature and humidity, low rainfall); the frequent and abundant precipitation in 2011. The most and long biological efficiency (85-98%) in the fight against pear psylla (14 days), regardless of the weather conditions, was in the variants "Aktara" and tank-mix "Dimilin + Aktara", the smallest efficiency - "Dimilin","Decis profi", "Bi-58 New," "Calypso". The high biological efficiency of preparation of Dimilin, Aktara and Vertimek is achieved monofactorial, at their use for a low number of pear psylla.

How to cite
Skrylyev A., Kashirskaya N. THE USE OF MODERN INSECTICIDES OF DIFFERENT MECHANISMS OF ACTION AGAINST PEAR PSYLLA ACCORDING TO THE GROWING SEASON [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 138–146. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/14.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).

Decorative shapes of garden rocks and grapes in the landscape construction

pdf
2071 Кб
17 с.
Date posted: 15.07.2016
UDC: 712.3:631.5:635.976
Keywords: SMALL GARDEN, RECONSTRUCTION, COMPOSITE IMAGE, METHODS OF HARMONIZATION, DESIGN-PROJECT

Annotation

In the article the stages of realization of design idea of creation of a small garden with elements of the Russian farmstead in the process of reconstruction of an old garden are described (free planning, mix of planting of orna-mental shrubs with berry bushes, shady corners, twisting paths, decorative kitchen garden and other elements of landscape). A main objective of this work is integration of natural scientific knowledge and design and art creative work for creation of design model of a small garden of a certain style orientation in the combination with the biological diversity meeting the main requirements of landscaping design. The basic novelty aspect of the presented work is approach to the reconstructed object as to dynamic system and creation of planning schemes of placement and a combination of landscape fragments. The recommendations stated in the domestic and foreign references, answering the purpose of this development, became the methodical basis for implementation of the present project. In the course of its introduction the main stages are following: natural observing of plots, creation of virtual plans and models, sketches of various landscape zones of the reconstructed garden, selection of color schemes of design objects and also development of the assortment list containing data on quantity and specific structure of plants, natural cycles of their blossoming, etc. The wide purpose of design of the plot compositions for landscape park has been solved thanks to integration of natural scientific knowledge and design and art works of designers. Creative approach to reconstruction of an old garden has been caused by original combinations of fruit and berry crops and ornamental one-year and perennial plants and, besides, by creation of the decorative kitchen garden combining the beauty and advantage - the typical components of the Russian landscape art.

How to cite
Tyshchenko E., Anisimov N., Sergeeva G. CREATIVE DESIGN-IDEAS OF RECONSTRUCTION OF OLD GARDEN [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 40(4). pp. 147–163. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/04/15.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).