Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The biological activity of the soil is formed mainly due to the microbiota living in it. In this regard, when creating agricultural technologies, the properties of microorganisms are widely used to increase the biological activity of the soil and reproduce soil fertility. Harmoniously functioning soil largely determines the nutritional properties of the agricultural products produced on it, which takes the corresponding technologies from the category of regenerative to health-saving technologies. Considering that soil microorganisms play an important role in the transformation of substances in the soil, the influence of the bio-organo-mineral complex AKM on the intensity of substrate-induced soil respiration in the near-root zone of trees was evaluated to assess the degree of bioactivity. A positive effect of AKM on the growth of chlorophyll content in apple tree leaves has been established. The beginning of the increase is observed 33 days after the application of fertilizer and in subsequent periods this trend continues. The obtained results confirm the existence of a relationship between chlorophyll concentration in leaves and productivity. Based on the data of the experiment, we can conclude that the bio-organo-mineral complex AKM is a means of soil bioactivation. This is expressed in an increase in soil respiration during the growing season by 8.8-45.5 %. The magnesium contained in the complex provides an increase in suction power due to an increase in the concentration of chlorophyll (4.8-36.5 %) and the intensity of photosynthesis, which ultimately leads to an increase in the availability of mineral nutrients associated with fruit trees. As a result of the action of A�M, fruit yield capacity increases by 14.3 %, and their quality also increases. The importance of using magnesium fertilizers, in particular AKM, is associated not only with the ability to increase crop yields, but also with the ability to produce physiologically more valuable products in terms of nutrient content, which can be used in health conservation programs for the prevention, including endemic diseases of the population.

Annotation

The article presents the results of an assessment of the sequestering potential of intensive type gardens for the subsequent use of data f or the purpose of recommendations on their involvement in agroclimatic projects. To date, on the basis of the available modern theoretical knowledge, as well as high-precision laboratory and analytical equipment, leading scientists around the world are monitoring organic carbon. And certain results have been achieved in this direction. Analysis of research by foreign scientists shows that perennial plantings have great potential for providing regulatory ecosystem services, such as the possibility of mitigating the effects of impending climate change due to carbon uptake by perennial plantings and increasing the sustainability of the agricultural industry. There is no doubt that there is an urgent need for careful step-by-step monitoring of organic carbon. In this regard, decarbonization is of strategic importance for agro-industrial regions focused on the intensification of the industry. To digitally assess the carbon sequestering ability, it is necessary to use all possible parts of the tree that fix carbon: leaves, wood of the main trunk of trees and branches cut annually, soil organic matter, including carbon of microbial biomass, as well as final products � fruits. This article presents materials that take into account the volume of fixed CO2 in the branches of trees subject to early spring pruning. Further development of agriculture in the republic may be associated with a large-scale transition of the crop industry, in general, and horticulture in particular to CCS-technologies (carbon capture and storage technologies). Such studies are designed to assist specialized professionals in making forecasts regarding the susceptibility of agricultural production to climate change in the future and indicate the available opportunities in overcoming emerging problems.