Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Chalaya Lyudmila
Articles in journal: (total 7)
The relationship between biochemical characteristics and physiological mechanisms of apple resistance to abiotic stress of different origin varieties are established. The dynamics of the metabolism of apple varieties in view phenological phases of development, and during their long storage is analyzed. Quality indicators of high resistance of fruits to physiological diseases during stor-age, allowing to predict the storage period are established
The results of study of technical indicators and chemical composition of sweet cherry fruits, depending on method of crown formation of fruit tree are presented. The types of trees formation that provide the high quality and medical-preventive properties of fruits are identified
The purpose of research was studying of the commodity qualities and chemical composition of apple-tree fruits of late maturing introduced varieties and varieties of Institute breeding which are grown up under the conditions of the South of Russia. It is noted that the special importance have the questions of improvement of vitamin provision of the population due to consumption of the fruits with the high content of ascorbic acid. In research there were 10 apples varieties, among which 4 varieties of NRRIH&V (Kubanskoe Bagryanoe, Prikubanskoye, Margo, Orphey). The research of indicators of fruit's chemical composition were carrying out using the standard techniques. Data on the content of soluble solids, sugars, acids and vitamins in the fruits of studied apple-tree's varieties are presented in this article. It is established that Granny Smit (220 g) and Prikubanskoye (205 g) apple varieties have the maximum mass of a fruit. The high content of soluble solids is typical for varieties of Institute breeding of Margo (14,0%), Orphey (15,5%), and also for the introduced Champion's variety (14,0%). The fruits of these varieties have also the high accumulation of sugars: the general content of sugars in 1,3 times higher than at the zoned Idared's variety. The highest amount of fructose (5,4%) and the minimum quantity of sucrose are noted in the apples of Margo of Institute breeding, that allow you to allocate Margo apple-tree in a group of the varieties possessing the valuable treatment-and-prophylactic qualities. The total content of pectin in the apples of the studied apple varieties was above a control sample. On the sum of pectin substances an apple-tree of Prikubanskoye with content of 0,5% of soluble pectin and 0,55% of protopectin was picked out.
The comparative evaluation of the chemical composition and the technical indicators of Vasilisa cherry fruits grown in the Krasnodar region and depending on the crown formation is presented. The Fogel and Stop-Leader formations permitting to obtain the fruits with high content of dry matters, sugars and vitamins are allocated.
The comparative estimation of the chemical compound of the apple-tree fruits which have been grown up in the conditions of the central zone of Krasnodar territory, depending on weather conditions of the vegetation period is presented. The obtained data has allowed to develop interrelation models between accumulation RSV, sugars, ascorbic acid, the general pol-yphenols, natural antioxidants and weather conditions of the period of vegetation of an apple-tree