Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Ilnitskaya Elena


Candidate of Biological Sciences

Articles in journal: (total 42)

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536 Кб
9 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 18.03.2019
UDC: 575.11: 634.8
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-2-56-84-92
Keywords: GRAPEVINE, POWDERY MILDEW, REN3 GENE OF RESISTANCE, DNA-MARKERS

Annotation

Powdery mildew a disease of the vine, the causative agent of which is the ascomycete Erysiphe necator. The pathogen causes the significant damage to industrial viticulture throughout the world. Growing of resistant grape varieties is the best way to reduce pesticide control of the disease and produce an environmentally friendly crop. Genotypes that are resistant to powdery mildew mainly belong to the North American and Asian grape species. Currently, the urgent task of the breeding and genetics of grapes is to search for donors of resistance and their involvement in the process of creating the new, highly resistant and high-quality varieties. To date, more than 10 major and minor loci of resistance to powdery mildew in the genome of grapes have been identified. Locus Ren3 was identified on chromosome 15 in the genotypes of the Regent and Villard Blanc grape varieties. DNA-markers suitable for gene detection were also found. We have tested two closely linked DNA markers (UDV116, GF15-28) on 11 genotypes of grapes of different origin. The DNA of Regent and Villard Blanc, in which the Ren3 gene was identified (positive controls), Cabernet Sauvignon and Chardonnay varieties (negative controls), as well as 7 genotypes of grapes potential gene carriers, were included in the work. The work was carried out by PCR with the separation of reaction products by capillary electrophoresis using an automatic ABI Prism 3130 genetic analyzer. Target PCR products corresponding to the literature data are defined in the Regent and Villard Blanc grape genotypes, as well as in the genotypes of Donus, Dunavski Gymza and Storgosia genotypes.

How to cite
Ilnitskaya E., Makarkina M., Tokmakov S., Naumova L. APPROBATION OF DNA-MARKERS LINKED TO REN3 GENE OF GRAPE VARIETIES RESISTANCE TO POWDERY MILDEW [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 56(2). pp. 84–92. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/02/08.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-2-56-84-92 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
567 Кб
10 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 18.11.2019
UDC: 634.8: 632.4: 575.174.015.3
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-6-60-41-50
Keywords: GRAPEVINE, DOWNY MILDEW, PLASMOPARA VITICOLA, DNA MARKERS

Annotation

Oomycete Plasmopara viticola causes one of the most harmful diseases of grapes downy mildew. In the areas of the humid climate of the Black Sea coast of the North Caucasus, the pathogen causes particular damage. In the form of epiphytotic, Plasmopara viticola develops 6-7 times of 10 years and can cause`s the losses from 50 to 100 % of yeld, despite the presence of a large number of fungicides that can inhibit the harmfulness of this disease. The aim of the work was to test the microsatellite DNA markers of GOB, CES, ISA, and BER to study the diversity of P. viticola populations parasitizing in vineyards of the Krasnodar Territory. The material for the study were grape leaves of various varieties affected by mildew. The leaves was taken in May-July 2019 at various points in the Krasnodar Territory. P. viticola DNA was isolated from the diseased tissue of grape leaves using the CytoSorb developed by Syntol specifically for the diagnosis of phytopathogens. A total of 8 samples of P. viticola DNA were extracted. The study was carried out using the classical method of polymerase chain reaction with optimization of the number and duration of cycles, as well as the concentration of reagents. The size of the amplified fragments of the GOB, CES, ISA, and BER loci was estimated using an ABI Prism 3130 automated genetic analyzer and using fragment analysis. Data analysis was carried out in the program Gene Mapper 4.1. The greatest polymorphism was detected by the GOB marker (15 types of alleles in eight studied samples). The GOB, CES, ISA, and BER markers can be used to study P. viticola populations wide spreading in the vineyards of the Krasnodar Territory.

How to cite
Makarkina M., Ilnitskaya E., Tokmakov S., Lobodina E. APPROBATION OF DNA MARKERS FOR THE STUDY OF PLASMOPARA VITICOLA PATHOGEN`S DIVERSITY [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 60(6). pp. 41–50. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/06/05.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-6-60-41-50 (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
143 Кб
8 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 19.01.2015
UDC: 575:577.2:576.3
Keywords: VITIS VINIFERA GENOTYPES, LOCAL GRAPES CULTIVARS, SSR-LOCI POLYMORPHISM

Annotation

One of the most important scientific problems in the genetics of cultivated plants is study and conservation of genetic diversity. Local native cultivars of different regions are the important part of world grapes gene pool. Traditional ampelographic descriptions are supplemented by molecular genetic data in the study of the gene pool of grapes at the present time. Genotyping of the 14 Dagestan autochthonous grapes cultivars has done in our research: Asyl Kara, Bayat Kapy, Gimra, Gulaby Daghestanskiy, Joonga, Dubut, Mola Huseyn Tsibil, Rish Baba, Sarah, Tavlinskiy Pozdniy, Hatal Baar, Hop Halat, Khotsa Tsibil, Shavrany. DNA profiles were obtained by microsatellite loci VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVS2, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79. Above-noted SSR-markers are recommended as the main for Vitis vinifera genotyping. Molecular genetic analysis was performed on an automated genetic analyzer that provides data, corresponding to the modern world requirements for genotype identification. Using of multiplex PCR was tested in our work. Multiplex kits allow to optimize the time spending on analysis of DNA, as well as significantly reduce implementation costs. VVMD27 locus showed the highest polymorphism in the study of this group of Daghestan cultivars: 9 alleles per locus are identified; locus VrZAG62 showed the smallest polymorphism 5 alleles / locus. The cultivars of grapes with uncommon alleles at the studied loci were determined in the analyzed varieties group. The information of number of microsatellite markers VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD27, VVS2, VrZAG62 and VrZAG79 for fingerprinting of analyzed samples of grapes cultivars is shown.

How to cite
Ilnitskaya E., Tokmakov S., Suprun I., Makarkina M. FINGERPRINTING OF LOCAL DAGESTAN GRAPES CULTIVARS USING MICROSATELLITE ANALYSIS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 31(1). pp. 22–29. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/01/02.pdf. (request date: 28.03.2024).
pdf
613 Кб
11 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 20.01.2021
UDC: 575.11: 634.84
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-1-67-91-101
Keywords: GRAPEVINE, GENOTYPE, SYNONYMOUS CULTIVARS, LOCAL CULTIVARS, DNA-FINGERPRINTING

Annotation

The central part of Abkhazia is recognized as one of the regions where the cultural grapevine originates. Famous varieties that have created the fame of local wines as well as the less-studied genotypes and wild-growing forms grow here. The study of the local gene pool of grapes at the molecular genetic level makes it possible to more fully assess the genetic diversity of varieties and forms, to identify closer and distant genotypes. As a part of the study of the Abkhazia grapes, we are carrying out DNA profiling of local cultivars. The purpose of this work is to study the genotype of the variety Azhshkuakua (Azhizhkvakva) variety. The Azhshkuakua plants growing in the collection of the agricultural company "Wines and Waters of Abkhazia", corresponding to the varietal description was used in the work. DNA was extracted from the apical part of young shoots of the cultivar`s plants by the method based on the use of CTAB. Genotyping was performed using SSR markers recommended for identification of grape varieties: VVS2, VVMD5, VVMD7, VVMD25, VVMD27, VVMD28, VVMD32, VrZAG62, VrZAG79. The amplified PCR reaction products were evaluated by capillary electrophoresis using an ABI Prism 3130 automatic genetic analyzer, followed by sizing using the GeneMapper and PeakScanner software, correcting the values taking into account the data of the control (reference) genotype with a known allelic composition (Pinot noir). Analysis of the obtained DNA profile of Azhizhkvakva in the international database of DNA-fingerprint of grape varieties revealed its correspondence to the profile of the Tsitska cultivar, which is considered an indigenous variety of Georgia. The genotypes of these cultivars can be considered synonymous, since they have almost identical morphological features. According to the literature and molecular genetic data, confirmed the high degree of genetic similarity of varieties, it can be assumed that these cultivars are clonal variations of the same genotype.

How to cite
Ilnitskaya E., Makarkina M., Tokmakov S., Aiba V. IDENTIFICATION OF THE GENOTYPE OF LOCAL ABKHAZIAN GRAPE CULTIVAR AZHSHKUAKUA (AZHIZHKVAKVA) [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2021. № 67(1). pp. 91–101. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/21/01/07.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-1-67-91-101 (request date: 28.03.2024).
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633 Кб
11 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 20.01.2021
UDC: 63: 632.3.01/.08
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-1-67-283-293
Keywords: GRAPES, PHYTOPLASMA, REAL-TIME PCR, DIAGNOSTICS, CTAB

Annotation

One of the limiting factors of consistently high yields with good quality are various diseases of the crop. For example, diseases caused by phytoplasmas can have a serious negative impact the quantity of the crop and its quality, which can further affect the quality of wine products and profits. Phytoplasmas are one of the most dangerous phytopathogens. On grapes, they are represented by two species Candidatus Phytoplasma vitis Flavescence dorée (causes Golden yellowing of grapes) and Candidatus Phytoplasma solani Bois noir. Many plant diseases that are thought to be caused by phytoplasmas were described before molecular genetic studies identified the various groups of phytoplasmas that cause these diseases. It is now possible to assess the relationship between the classification of phytoplasmas and specific plant diseases. Golden yellowing of leaves is a quarantine disease for the Russian Federation and the European Union and it causes a great damage to vineyards, so quick and accurate identification of this disease is very important. The main method for identifying phytoplasmas is real-time PCR (RT-PCR) with specific primer systems. The aim of our study was to compare the methods for extracting DNA from plant tissue affected by phytoplasma for further real-time PCR. This study showed that the samples isolated using the commercial kits "AgroDiagnostics" and "CytoSorb" show the similar results, while the sample isolated by the laboratory method based on the use of CTAB buffer showed higher and earlier peaks on the graph, which is important for detecting a small amount of pathogen in the test material and proves the greater effectiveness of this method of isolation.

How to cite
Kotlyar V., Makarkina M., Stepanov I., Ilnitskaya E. SELECTION OF OPTIMAL METHOD OF THE PATHOGEN DNA ISOLATION OF GRAPE FLAYESCENE DOREE AND BOIS NOIR TO IDENTIFY PATHOGEN BY REAL TIME-PCR [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2021. № 67(1). pp. 283–293. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/21/01/19.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-1-67-283-293 (request date: 28.03.2024).