Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

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Ilnitskaya Elena


Candidate of Biological Sciences

Articles in journal: (total 42)

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631 Кб
11 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 20.01.2021
UDC: 634.8: 632.4: 575.174.015.3
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-1-67-294-304
Keywords: GRAPEVINE, DOWNY MILDEW, PLASMOPARA VITICOLA, PATHOGEN GENERATIONS, GENETIC DIVERSITY, DNA MARKERS

Annotation

Downy mildew is a vine disease caused by the obligate heterothallic biotrophic endoparasite Plasmopara viticola. The area of distribution of this pathogen are vineyards all over the world, but the greatest losses are in the viticulture zones with a temperate continental and subtropical climate. In Krasnodar Territory, epiphytotic development of mildew occurs 6-7 times in 10 years. The first molecular genetic studies of the pathogen began at the end of the 20th century. The purpose of this work is to evaluate, based on DNA marker analysis, the polymorphism of the P. viticola population in two generations of the pathogen on grape plants growing in an isolated geographic point. The material for the study was the affected grape leaves taken from the vegetation plot of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW, from plants without chemical treatment. The material was taken in two time intervals – the end of July (the first generation of the pathogen – 4 samples) and the middle of August (the second generation – 6 samples). To study the diversity, highly polymorphic SSR-markers – GOB and PV144, were used. P. viticola DNA was isolated directly from infected leaves by the CTAB method. A total of 10 DNA samples of the pathogen were analyzed. The study was carried out by the classical method of polymerase chain reaction. The size of the target fragments of the PV144 and GOB loci was estimated using an ABI Prism 3130 automatic genetic analyzer by fragment analysis. The data obtained were analyzed using Gene Mapper 4.1 software. The highest degree of polymorphism was found for the GOB marker – 7 types of alleles and to a lesser extent PV144 – 4 types of alleles. It was found that the samples of the pathogen population collected during the first generation have significantly higher genetic polymorphism, in contrast to the samples collected during the second generation. Research in this direction continues.

How to cite
Kozhevnikov E., Makarkina M., Ilnitskaya E. STUDY OF PLASMOPARA VITICOLA POPULATION POLYMORPHISM IN DIFFERENT PATHOGEN GENERATIONS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2021. β„– 67(1). pp. 294–304. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/21/01/20.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-1-67-294-304 (request date: 29.03.2024).
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554 Кб
10 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 20.07.2021
UDC: 634.8:631.52:663.2
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-4-70-38-47
Keywords: WINE GRAPVINE VARIETIES, RED WINES, GRAPE BREEDING, RECOGNISED VARIETIES

Annotation

The main biological and economically valuable characteristics of the recognised grape varieties of the NCFSCHVW breeding are presented: Alcor and Granatovyi. Grapevine varieties for high-quality red wine production were obtained by intraspecific crosses of V. vinifera. The genotypes are adapted to the local conditions of cultivation, varieties Alcor and Granatovyi surpass Cabernet-Sauvignon in terms of resistance to pathogens in the conditions of the South of Russia. The Alcor and Granatovyi grape varieties are used to produce high-quality table and liqueur wines, as well as grape juice. The grapes of the Alcor and Granatovyi varieties are characterized by a high technological reserve of phenolic compounds, exceeding the similar indicator of Cabernet-Sauvignon by an average of 15 %. The wines have been repeatedly awarded high awards at Russian and international competitions and exhibitions. Table red wines from the Alcor and Granatovyi grape varieties are characterized by a full harmonious taste and a well-defined varietal aroma, a high total concentration of phenolic compounds, including anthocyanins, which cause an intense elegant dark ruby color. Liqueur wines also have a very intense color, with aging, the properties of liqueur wines are improved. Table and liqueur wines from the varieties Alcor and Granatovyi have a high concentration of antioxidants, including resveratrol and phenol-carboxylic acids. Alcor (2017) and Granatovyi (1987) varieties are included in the State Register of breeding achievements of the Russian Federation, approved for use. It is proved that the grapevine varieties of domestic breeding Alcor and Granatovyi are worthy competitors of European varieties for expanding the range of table and liqueur wines in the conditions of the south of Russia.

How to cite
Ilnitskaya E., Ageeva N., Pyata E., Prakh A., Kotlyar V. ALCOR AND GRANATOVYI GRAPE VARIETIES FOR HIGH QUALITY WINE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2021. β„– 70(4). pp. 38–47. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/21/04/04.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-4-70-38-47 (request date: 29.03.2024).
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404 Кб
13 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 20.11.2022
UDC: 634.8: 575.113.2
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-6-78-195-207
Keywords: WILD-GROWING VINES, POWDERY MILDEW, REN1, DNA MARKERS, POLYMORPHISM

Annotation

The study of wild-growing vines allows to expand fundamental knowledge about the diversity of the grape gene pool, and wild vines are also studied in order to identify potential sources of resistance to stress factors of growing conditions. Powdery mildew resistance gene Ren1 is one of the few pathogen resistance genes identified in Vitis vinifera. Its presence has also been found in some vines of V. vinifera ssp. silvestris Gmel. The aim of this work was to study wild-growing vines found in the Krasnodar region with DNA markers of Ren1 powdery mildew resistance gene in order to search for potential donors of resistance. The study was conducted on 35 genotypes of wild growing vines, selected at several geographical points of the Krasnodar region along the coastline of the Black Sea and the Kuban River. Polymorphism of Ren1 locus was studied by PCR using cosegregated markers SC8-0071-014 and sc47-18, followed by assessment of the size of amplified fragments by capillary gel electrophoresis on a Nanofor 05 device and statistical processing in the GenAlEx 6.5 program. As a result, in the studied sample of genotypes, a rather high polymorphism was revealed for studied microsatellite loci (SC8-0071-014 – 18 types of alleles, sc47-18 – 8 alleles) – an average of 13 alleles per locus was determined. In the prevailing majority of genotypes, the heterozygous state was determined for the studied loci, which is reflected in the indicators of expected (He) and observed (Ho) heterozygosity: the observed values exceed the expected ones. The resistance alleles of Ren1 gene were not found in any of the studied samples of wild grapes.

How to cite
Ilnitskaya E., Makarkina M., Kozhevnikov E., Pankin M. POLYMORPHISM OF MICROSATELLITE LOCI LINKED TO THE REN1 GENE IN THE GENOTYPES OF WILD-GROWING VINES OF THE KUBAN REGION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2022. β„– 78(6). pp. 195–207. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/22/06/12.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-6-78-195-207 (request date: 29.03.2024).
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350 Кб
11 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 20.11.2022
UDC: 634.8.076
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-6-78-208-218
Keywords: SEEDLESS GRAPE VARIETIES, CLASS OF SEEDLESSNESS, VARIATION OF THE CLASS OF SEEDLESSNESS

Annotation

Seedless grapes are in great demand in the world. On the basis of the mass of seed rudiments, varieties are divided into 4 classes – from almost complete absence to fairly large seed primordia. Large size grape berries of 1-2 class of seedlessness are especially attractive for the consumer. The aim of the work was to study the manifestation of the trait of seedlessness in a group of varieties belonging to seedless varieties of various origins and the class of seedlessness, growing on the Anapa ampelographic collection. Research was carried out in 2019, 2020 and 2022 on 16 grape varieties – Attica, Kishmish belyi kruglyi, Kishmish belyi oval'nyi, Kishmish kruglyi, Kishmish rozovyi, Kishmish safed okruglyi, Kishmish Sogdiana, Yangi Er, Bessemyannyi Magaracha, Vanessa, Kishmish Zaporozhskiy, Lotus, Mars, Pamyati Dombkovskoy, Pamyati Smirnova (Assol), Rusbol, belonging to the group of seedless varieties of various classes of seedlessness and different origin (V. vinifera and interspecific origin). Determination of the mass of rudiments in the berry was carried out after dehydration of a sample of seed rudiments from berries. The smallest mass of seed rudiments in a berry was determined in varieties Kishmish belyi oval'nyi and Kishmish kruglyi. For three years of research, varieties Kishmish belyi kruglyi, Kishmish belyi oval'nyi, Kishmish kruglyi, Kishmish Sogdiana, Mars were singled out as having consistently shown the first class during the years of study, t he Bessemyannyi Magarach variety had the second class of seedlessness, and Pamyati Smirnova (Assol) and Rusbol had the fourth. In the rest of the studied genotypes, the variation of the trait of seedlessness by classes during the years of study was determined. The highest average berry weight was determined in the varieties Attika (3,9 g), Pamyati Smirnova (3,3 g) and Kishmish Sogdiana (3,2 g).

How to cite
Ilnitskaya E., Pyata E., Kotlyar V., Makarkina M., Kurdenkova E. SEEDLESSNESS CLASS MANIFESTATION IN GRAPE VARIETIES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2022. β„– 78(6). pp. 208–218. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/22/06/13.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-6-78-208-218 (request date: 29.03.2024).
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402 Кб
15 с.
Processing of fruit and berries production and grapes
Date posted: 20.11.2022
UDC: 634.84: 575.113.2
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-6-78-396-410
Keywords: GRAPES, CLONE VARIATIONS, DRY WINE MATERIALS

Annotation

Clonal breeding of grapes is one of the methods of variety improvement, which allows to identify the genetic variations of the variety most adapted to climatic and soil growing conditions. More than three thousand clones have been registered in the world, most of which are 1.5 times more productive than mother plantations. The search for adapted genotypes to the agro-climatic conditions of the Temryuk region is a promising task, since about 30 % of grape plantations in the Krasnodar region are located in this area. Higher productivity of clonal breeding can be expected when working with varieties of old origin. Saperavi is an ancient Georgian grape variety, one of the best Georgian varieties for winemaking. The purpose of our research is to isolate new clones of the Saperavi variety, adapted to local growing conditions. An analysis of the climatic conditions of the Temryuk region indicates an increase in the aridity of the territory (the period of 1991-2020 compared to 1961-2020), an increase in the average absolute maximum air temperature and an increase in the frequency of temperatures below minus 20 ºC. In the Temryuk region, in industrial plantations of the Saperavi variety, an expeditionary survey was carried out to identify bushes for inclusion in further study as candidates for clones of the Saperavi variety. As a result of the survey, according to a complex of positive characteristics, 4 bushes were identified for further observations and records. The selected samples according to the microsatellite DNA profile correspond to the Saperavi variety. Experimental samples of grapes were used in the preparation of red table wines by fermentation of the must on the pulp in the micro-winemaking department. All experimental samples of Saperavi wines had similar values in the concentrations of sugars and titrated acids. The mass concentration of the given extract in the experimental samples of dry wines was in the range of 26.1-28.8 g/dm3.

How to cite
Ilnitskaya E., Makarkina M., Marmorshtein A., Prakh A., Shelud'ko O., Pyata E., Mitrofanova E., Kozina T. SEARCH FOR CLONE VARIATIONS OF SAPERAVI GRAPE VARIETY IN THE PLANTINGS OF THE TEMRYUK DISTRICT [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2022. β„– 78(6). pp. 396–410. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/22/06/26.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-6-78-396-410 (request date: 29.03.2024).