Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

ο»Ώ

Ulyanovskaya Elena


Doctor of Agricultural Sciences

Articles in journal: (total 38)

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584 Кб
15 с.
Physiology and biochemistry of plants
Date posted: 17.05.2021
UDC: 581: 576.5: 634.224
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-3-69-123-137
Keywords: APPLE, ADAPTATION, SUMMER PERIOD, DROUGHT RESISTANCE, LEAF, WATER METABOLISM, PIGMENTS

Annotation

In the conditions of the climate change in southern Russia, unpredictable fluctuations in meteorological factors negatively affect the adaptive capacity of the apple tree to the summer stresses. The parameters of the water regime, the pigmental complex, and the area of the leaf blade serve as reliable criteria for the drought resistance of plants. The aim of this work is to study the features of water metabolism, photosynthetic activity of apple trees in the summer period; to identify the most drought-resistant varieties for cultivation in the Krasnodar region. The objects of research were apple varieties of various ecological and geographical origin: Interprase, Florina, Orfey, Idared, Ligol, Prikubanskoe. Physiological and biochemical adaptation of apple varieties to deficit water supply and high temperatures is achieved by increasing the fraction of bound water in the total water content, increasing the proportion of carotenoids in the pigmental composition of the leaf. It was found that by the end of summer, all studied varieties had a decrease in water content in leaf tissues, and to a greater extent in varieties Idared, Ligol, Prikubanskoe – by 12.2-14.2%. The varieties Orfey and Prikubanskoe were distinguished as the most drought-resistant with the ratio of bound and free forms of water 3.0 and 2.8, respectively. The lowest indicators of the ratio of the chlorophylls sum and carotenoids (2.01-2.03) due to an increase in the proportion of carotenoids performing a protective function were found in the varieties Florina, Orfey, Prikubanskoe. The decrease in the area of the leaf blade in response to stress is the least shown in the varieties Orfey, Idared, Prikubanskoe. Apple varieties Orfey and Prikubanskoe proved to be more adaptive in comparison with other studied varieties in the summer of 2020 and are recommended for cultivation in the Krasnodar region.

How to cite
Nenko N., Kiseleva G., Ulyanovskaya E., Karavaeva A., Shalyaho T. WATER METABOLISM AND PIGMENTAL COMPLEX OF APPLE LEAVES IN CONNECTION WITH DROUGHT [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2021. β„– 69(3). pp. 123–137. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/21/03/10.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-3-69-123-137 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
533 Кб
12 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 18.03.2019
UDC: 634.1:631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-2-56-1-12
Keywords: VARIETY, APPLE-TREE, IMMUNITY, SCAB, PRODUCTIVITY, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

Annotation

The purpose of these study is to identify and the create promising high-quality vari-eties and forms of apple trees of domestic and foreign breeding with a complex of valuable agrobiological signs for the formation of nature-like, resource-saving plantations. According to the results of year’s research, the high-quality apple elite forms of NCFSCHVW breeding and joint breeding of NCFSCHVW and All-RRIFCB with oligogenic and polygenic type of scab resistance and promising varieties for use in the production of foreign and domestic breeding have been identified. Study were carried out according to generally accepted programs and methods of breeding and variety study. The objects of research are apple genotypes of different ploidy and genetic origin. Based on the assessment of the complex of the main economic characteristics as early ripening, yield, fructification stability, scab resistance, quality and standard of fruits, the most promising varieties and forms of apple trees were selected for involvement in the breeding process and use in the production. A brief description of new elite forms with oligogenic (18/1-14-35) and polygenic (12/1-20-76) type of scab resistance is given in the article. For industrial cultivation, apple varieties are selected: Cameo, Granatovoe, Auvil Erli. Their brief description and estimated indicators of the economic efficiency of these varieties cultivation (sales profit – from 442.8 to 550.2 thousand rubles / ha; profitability – from 16.9 to 29.7 pp) is presented. The attention is fixed that the high rates of economic efficiency of these varieties cultivation are due to the most optimal combination of the complex of the most important economic traits: as fast fruitage, high yield, fruiting stability, high quality and standard of fruits, and for Granatovoe variety – due to immunity to scab additionally.

How to cite
Ulyanovskaya E., Bogdanovich T., Shadrina Z., Kochyan G. NEW VARIETIES AND ELITE FORMS OF THE APPLE-TREE FOR THE SOUTH REGION OF RUSSIA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. β„– 56(2). pp. 1–12. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/02/01.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-2-56-1-12 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
183 Кб
12 с.
Physiology and biochemistry of plants
Date posted: 19.01.2015
UDC: 581 : 576.5 : 634.224
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, DROUGHT RESISTANCE, PLOIDY, WATER MODE, PROLINE, LEAF'S SHEET, ADAPTATION

Annotation

In the Southern region of Russia the degree of drought resistance of apple varieties has a great importance as the majority of them are cultivated in the irrigation free conditions. The work purpose is to study the water mode of apple varieties of various ploidy for identification of the most adapted varieties to abiotic factors of the summer period. The integrated approach on the basis of physiological, biochemical and anatomical-morphological analysis of leaves tissue of an apple-tree is applied to identification of adaptable mechanisms of stability. The comparative data about structure of a leaf sheet characterizing the physiological condition of plants during the summer period of 2011-2013 are received. The modern physiological and biochemical methods of research and also methods of light microscopy are used. The triploidy apple-tree varieties as Soyus and Rodnichok have the raised maintenance of the connected form of water, proline and potassium cations. It allows plants to support the rather high level of physiological processes during the summer period. It is established by the conducted research that triploidy apple varieties of Soyus and Rodnichok possess the best ability to adapt for a drought, than diploidic Rassvet, Fortuna, Erly Mak, Deyton varieties. On the basis of the data obtained in the years of different weather conditions it is revealed that the three ploidy apple-tree varieties of Soyus and Rodnichok have the cseromorfy traits of a leaf connected with drought resistance. It is possible to claim that triploidy apple-tree varieties of domestic breeding possess a big reserve of potential opportunities to adapt for a drought and a heat in comparison with the introduced diploidic varieties of foreign breeding. Local apple varieties, and three ploidy varieties more than diploidy varieties, possess the bigger ecological plasticity, that allow them to adapt better to extreme factors of the environment on the basis of physiological reactions changing.

How to cite
Nenko N., Kiseleva G., Karavaeva A., Ulyanovskaya E. FEATURES OF WATER MODE OF APPLE TREE VARIETIES OF DIFFERENT PLOIDY IN THE CONNECTION WITH ADAPTION TO DROUGHT [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. β„– 31(1). pp. 107–118. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/01/11.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
163 Кб
11 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 20.01.2010
UDC: 634.1:631.52
Keywords: GRADE, APPLE-TREE, IMMUNITY, PLOIDY

Annotation

Laboratory and field data to study different chromosomal forms of apple, used in breeding for resistance to scab and adverse environmental factors are presented.

How to cite
Ulyanovskaya E. AGROBIOLOGICAL FEATURES OF GENOTYPES OF THE APPLE-TREE DIFFERENT PLOIDY [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2010. β„– 2(1). pp. 1–11. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/10/01/01.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
623 Кб
18 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 20.01.2021
UDC: 634.1:631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-1-67-10-27
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, VARIETY, ELITE FORM, SUSTAINABILITY

Annotation

The studies were carried out in accordance with the generally accepted and developed at the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution NCFSCHVW programs and methods of breeding and variety study. The objects of research are apple varieties and forms (Malus x domestica Borkh.) of different ploidy and genetic origin. The work is continued on the conservation, replenishment and study of the genetic collection of the apple-tree, which currently numbers 436 varieties. Based on the results of many years of research, the origins of apple-tree resistance to spring frosts have been identified – the varieties of Erley Mac, Feya and elite form of 44-27-53rd. The apple varieties of the selection of the NCFSCHVW breeding have been identified – Feya, Soyuz, Orpheus, Margo, Sirius, Nocturne, Vasilisa, Carmen, Zolotoe Letnee, 44-27-53rd, 12 / 3-20-10, etc.; of foreign selection – Florina, Dayton, Earley Mac, Gala, Gala Shniga, which have a longer blossoming period as a protective and adaptive response to low-temperature stress in the spring period. It was revealed that an insignificant (up to 5 %) or low (up to 15-20 %) percentage of damage to generative organs by spring frosts was noted in many varieties and forms – Ketney, Spartak, Trans Lucens, Florking, Imperial Pavla, Nikita, X1-48-49, 12 / 2-21-43, etc., having a complex interspecific origin. According to the data of long-term research (2014-2020), the most productive varieties were identified: Honey Crisp (141.9 t / ha); Pyros (116.17 t / ha) and elite forms: 29-5-49 (171.9 t / ha), 29-4-110 (125.1 t / ha). Two high-quality, scab-resistant elite apple forms have been identified: Sirius (late summer ripening variety with spectacular, bright raspberry round-conical fruits of dessert taste (4.8 points), yield up to 30 t / ha) and 12 / 3-20-10 (restrained growth, with bright fruits of summer ripening, regular fruiting, yield up to 33 t / ha). These forms are promising for use in various breeding programs.

How to cite
Ulyanovskaya E., Belenko E. FEATURES OF FORMATION OF APPLE VARIETIES ADAPTIVE POTENTIAL UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2021. β„– 67(1). pp. 10–27. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/21/01/02.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-1-67-10-27 (request date: 29.03.2024).