Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Ulyanovskaya Elena


Doctor of Agricultural Sciences

Articles in journal: (total 38)

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528 Кб
14 с.
Physiology and biochemistry of plants
Date posted: 21.09.2020
UDC: 581:576.5:634.224
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2020-5-65-165-178
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, LOW-TEMPERATURE STRESS, ANTIOXIDANT PROTECTION, MALON DIALDEHYDE, PEROXIDASE, FROST RESISTANCE

Annotation

At present, the adaptive stability potential of some fruit varieties is insufficient for a response to climate changes in the North Caucasus Region of Russia. In this regard, the creation of varieties with increased environmental plasticity and high adaptive potential is relevant. Physiological and biochemical studies of apple varieties state after artificially induced low-temperature stress will allow to assess the studied apple varieties for resistance to critical frosts in mid-winter. A comparative assessment of the apple variety resistance to low temperature stress showed that there were quantitative changes content of malon dialdehyde content in the one-year shoots, as well as ascorbic acid, anthocyanins, chalcones, and peroxidase activity. It is established that in various apple varieties, peroxidase activity and antioxidant content in the tissue of shoots under conditions of low temperature stress varied with difference, detoxification of active oxygen forms (AOF) was achieved by various components of antioxidant protection. In the Prikubanskoye apple variety, the content of malondialdehyde in the one-year shoots remained almost unchanged, indicating the greater stability of the cell membranes, achieved due to the increased activity of peroxidase. n the Rodnichok variety, AOF detoxification is achieved by increasing in the ascorbic acid content by 3 times. Varieties of Rassvet and Prikubanskoe had the highest content of anthocyanins and chalcones, that indicate their greater frost resistance in the middle of winter in comparison with other studied varieties. Analysis of the physiological and biochemical characteristics we have found as a result of our research showed that Prikubanskoe apple variety is resistant (II component of winter hardiness). The varieties of Rassvet, Rodnichok, Idared are of less resistant to the highest frost in the mid-winter.

How to cite
Kiseleva G., Nenko N., Mishko A., Karavaeva A., Ulyanovskaya E. PHYSIOLOGICAL AND BIOCHEMICAL EVALUATION OF FROST RESISTANCE OF APPLE VARIETIES AFTER LOW-TEMPERATURE STRESS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2020. № 65(5). pp. 165–178. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/20/05/13.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2020-5-65-165-178 (request date: 29.03.2024).
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531 Кб
10 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 23.07.2019
UDC: 634.1:631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-4-58-1-10
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, VARIETY, ELITE FORM, LARGE-FRUITED SIGN

Annotation

The article assesses the apple varieties of domestic and foreign breeding in the Northern Ossetia-Alania using the one of the most important signs of fruit quality large fruiting. The studies were carried out according to the programs and methods generally accepted and developed by the staff of the center for selection of FSBSI NCFSCHVW. The objects of research are apple genotypes of different ploidy and genetic origin. In total, there were 25 apple varieties in the study, of which 13 are domestic and 12 are foreign breeding. According to the results of long-term studies, the most large-fruited varieties and elite forms of apple-tree were selected in the Southern region of Russia: the summer variety of Soyus, autumn Vasilisa, Carmen, Lyubava, Talisman, early winter Ligol, winter and late winter Lyubimoe Dutovoy, Zolotaya Krona, 12/2-20-35, Prikubanskoe. Among the varieties selected by valuable sign of large-fruited, there are all apple varieties of regional breeding, excepting the Ligol variety. The most large-fruited among summer varieties Soyus variety (330 g); among all the studied varieties Talisman, the average and maximum fruit weight of which is 523.6 g and 534.0 g, respectively. The most of the cultivated varieties and elite forms of apple-tree selected for large-fruited sign were obtained as a result of the joint breeding of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW and the FSBSI All-RRIHB and they are immune to scab: Soyuz, Vasilisa, Carmen, Lyubava, Talisman and 12/2-20-35. The study of apple varieties and elite forms of different genetic origin and ploidy and different ripening terms in the conditions of Northern Ossetia-Alania allowed us to identify the most valuable of them for use in breeding and produc-tion.

How to cite
Atabiyev K., Ulyanovskaya E., Zaseyeva R., Belenko E. ASSESSMENT OF LARGE-FRUITED APPLE VARIETIES UNDER THE CONDITIONS OF SOUTHERN REGION OF RUSSIA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 58(4). pp. 1–10. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/04/01.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-4-58-1-10 (request date: 29.03.2024).
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544 Кб
13 с.
Physiology and biochemistry of plants
Date posted: 23.09.2019
UDC: 581:576.5:634.224
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-65-77
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, DROUGHT RESISTANCE, SCAB, METABOLITES, MALON DIALDEHYDE, CHLOROGENIC ACID, CALCIUM IONS

Annotation

Under the conditions of the Krasnodar Territory, metabolic changes in apple varieties that differ in scab and drought resistance have been identified. Using physiological and biochemical methods with capillary electrophoresis the features of the apple tree`s leaves are studied in the summer growing season. According to the seasonal dynamics of some metabolites (malonic dialdehyde, chlorogenic acid, calcium ions), a comparative assessment of the response of apple varieties with different resistance to scab under influence of summer stressors was conducted. It was revealed that the smallest quantitative indicators of malon dialdehyde content under stressful conditions of August were observed in apple varieties, immune to scab, like Fortune, Soyuz and non-scab immune Rodnichok variety and were 0.123-0.192 mol / g dry weight of the substance and it is indicating of their resistance to oxidative stress. During the summer period, the highest content of chlorogenic acid were observed in scab-immune apple varieties. In the period of the greatest impact of stress factors, in August, its content significantly increased in the varieties not immune to scab (1.14-1.55 times), that is plants indicating the induction of protective reactions against the scab pathogen. According to the physiological and biochemical indexes the apple variety Fortuna and the Union was identified as varieties with high resistance to drought and scab pathogen in the South of Russia. Metabolic assessment of apple varieties according to physiological nd biochemical characteristics is a reliable criterion of plant resistance to summer stressors, and can be used as indirect diagnostics methods for adaptability of fruit crops varieties.

How to cite
Kiseleva G., Nenko N., Karavaeva A., Ulyanovskaya E. METABOLIC CHANGES OF APPLE-TREE VARIETIES WITH DIFFERENT STABILITY TO A SCAB AS A RESPONSE REACTION TO THE INFLUENCE OF SUMMER STRESSES [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 59(5). pp. 65–77. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/05/07.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-5-59-65-77 (request date: 29.03.2024).
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296 Кб
13 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 25.07.2022
UDC: 634.1:631.52
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-4-76-1-13
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, GRADE, GENOTYPE, DNA-MARKING, MARKER, CLUSTER ANALYSIS

Annotation

The studies were carried out in accordance with the programs and methods of breeding and variety study generally accepted and developed at the FSBSI NCFSCHVW in the Center for Collective Use Research and Breeding Collection of Genetic Resources of Horticultural Crops (CCU RBC GRHC). The objects of research are varieties and forms of apple trees (Malus × domestica Borkh.) of different ploidy and genetic origin. The aim of the study was to evaluate the allelic polymorphism of microsatellite sequences in the genome of collection specimens of the genus Malus Mill. as a starting material for further breeding. Genotyping of 48 apple varieties (of which: 44 diploids and 4 triploids) of the genetic collection of the FSBSI NCFSCHVW was carried out using 12 SSR markers: CH04c07, GD12, CH03d07, CH02C09, CH01h10, GD96, CH04e05, GD100, Hi02c07, GD147, CH01f02, CH02c11. Markers have been established that have: the largest number of alleles GD12 (18 alleles); the smallest number of alleles CH01h10 and Hi02c07 (10 alleles); the largest number of effective alleles CH01f02 (9.018) and CH02c11 (9.366); the smallest number of effective alleles CH01h10 (3.499). According to the diversity index, loci CH01f02 and CH02c11 were identified as having the highest allelic polymorphism. The grouping of the studied 48 apple varieties was performed based on the results of genotyping for the two most informative markers (CH01a02 and CH02c11) and cluster analysis. The highest average allele length (2480.40) is in the varieties included in the third cluster, then in the second cluster (1019.66), in the fourth cluster (819.65) and in the first cluster (603.28). 4 groups consisting of 7, 3, 22 and 16 varieties, respectively, were formed according to the average length of alleles. The results of the analysis of this sample of apple varieties are important for solving the problems of structuring the gene pool and further breeding studies.

How to cite
Shcheglov S., Ulyanovskaya E., Tokmakov S., Chernutskaya E., Balapanov I. ASSESSMENT OF THE GENETIC DIVERSITY OF REPRESENTATIVES OF THE GENUS MALUS MILL. USING DNA ANALYSIS AND STATISTICAL METHODS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2022. № 76(4). pp. 1–13. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/22/04/01.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-4-76-1-13 (request date: 29.03.2024).
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678 Кб
11 с.
Processing of fruit and berries production and grapes
Date posted: 26.01.2023
UDC: 663.32 : 634.11
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-1-79-242-252
Keywords: APPLE CIDER, PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS, ORGANOLEPTIC ANALYSIS, TECHNOLOGY

Annotation

The research is devoted to the comparative analysis of physico-chemical and organoleptic parameters of ciders produced by Russian and foreign enterprises. Samples of products were taken from the trading network of Krasnodar by the method of spot sampling. The influence of beverage production technology on their physicochemical and organoleptic characteristics is shown. There was a significant difference between ciders made from freshly squeezed juice and concentrated apple juice, especially in the concentration of residual extract, which correlated with the fullness of taste of drinks. In ciders produced from freshly squeezed juice, a large concentration of residual extract, phenolic compounds, phosphorus, cations of potassium, calcium, magnesium, iron was noted. They were characterized by fullness of taste, bright aroma with tones of apples, pronounced tones of fermentation. At the same time, tones of alcohol and milk fermentation formed during fermentation of apple juice were identified in the taste. Cider samples made by fermenting concentrated apple juice had a simple fresh taste with hints of apples in taste and aroma. They showed the lowest concentration of residual extract, including phenolic compounds and ash alkaline and alkaline-earth elements. In some cider samples, the concentration of sodium cations had high values up to 188 mg/dm3 , which indicates the use of water prepared using sodium-cationic filters. At the same time, a low concentration of calcium and magnesium cations was noted, which indicated their exchange for sodium ions during water treatment.

How to cite
Ageeva N., Ulyanovskaya E., Shirshova A., Tikhonova N., Khrapov A., Chernutskaya E. PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PARAMETERS OF CIDERS OF VARIOUS MANUFACTURERS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2023. № 79(1). pp. 242–252. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/23/01/17.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-1-79-242-252 (request date: 29.03.2024).