Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Bandurko Irina

Branch Maikop Experimental Station Institution "Federal Research Center All-Russian Institute of Plant Genetic Resources named after N.G. Vavilov"

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, professor

Articles in journal: (total 2)

pdf
141 Кб
8 с.
Genetic Resources, Cultivar, selection
Date posted: 16.11.2015
UDC: 634.13
Keywords: PEAR, BREEDING, VARIETIES, ORIGINAL MATERIAL

Annotation

One of the main directions of pear breeding is resistant to adverse environmental conditions: frost resistance and winter hardiness, drought and heat resistance, resistance to diseases and pests. Also the important features of new varieties are early appearance of fruits, high yield, fruit quality and timing of their maturation, small tree size. The aim of the work is the study of VIR pear variety collection under the soil and climatic conditions of a foothill zone of Adygea, to identify the new sources of economically valuable traits for use in breeding. The trees in the collection garden were planted in 2005. Almost every year the temperature regime of the winter period was unstable. There was a decline in temperatures up to the critical values (-30 oC), the long thaw, and then new lows of temperatures and spring frosts. For breeding Some winter-hardy varieties are revealed with good quality fruits: Dessertnaya, Lastochka, Rossoshanskaya, Mlievskaya Rannya, Mramornaya and varieties of late-flowering to protect against frost: Biruzovaya, Williams Ranniy Morettini, Victoria, Krasnodarskaya Letnyaya, Leven, Maikopsky Souvenir, Nariadnaya Mlievskaya, Obilnaya Tuza, Rossoshanskaja Pozdniaja, Rossoshanskaya Raniya, Uspenka, Harrow Delight. The sources of resistance to fungal diseases are Caucasian varieties: Bagir Armud, Mahsuldar, Cherkesskaya 325, Yadigar. A few varieties, which are the first fruits appeared on a two-year trees were Borup, Devo, Dr. Jules Guyot, Napoca, Skorospelka, Suksen Skorospelka, that promising for breeding for early appearance of fruits.Valuable sources were Biruzovaya, Devo, Krasnodarskaya Letniya, Krasnodarskaya Ranniya, Lastochka, Maikopsky Souvenir, that combine the high yield and fruit quality. Maikopsky Souvenir and Biruzovaja also revealed as sources of growth moderation and red skin of the fruit. The article presents the brief characteristics of selected sources.

How to cite
Bandurko I. NEW SOURCES OF PRIORITY SIGNS FOR PEAR BREEDING IN THE SOUTH FRUIT ZONE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2015. № 36(6). pp. 35–42. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/15/06/04.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
482 Кб
10 с.
Physiology and biochemistry of plants
Date posted: 17.09.2021
UDC: 634.13 : 581.1 (470.621)
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-5-71-161-170
Keywords: PEAR, VARIETIES, SPECIES, WATER REGIME, DROUGHT RESISTANCE

Annotation

In the southern regions of Russia, during the active growing season of pears, almost every year there is an impact of drought, heat, dry winds, which affects their water status, growth, productivity and adaptation. When selecting varieties for optimal placement, it is necessary to take into account their adaptability to dry growing conditions. From the collections of the Maykop experimental station VIR, more than 120 samples of pears were included in experiments to study the drought resistance of plants: 59 varieties, including 43 varieties of European origin and 16 East Asian, 26 species, 38 ecological forms of the Caucasian pear. Field assessment of the plant condition was carried out visually after prolonged exposure to stress. In parallel, a laboratory method of leaf wilting was used, which allows judging the degree of endurance of various samples to the dehydration factor and the relative drought resistance of plants by the parameters of the water regime. On the basis of adaptability and indicators of the water regime, pear samples with increased resistance of leaves to dehydration are identified, which can be recommended for cultivation in the foothill zone of the Republic of Adygea in areas with limited water supply. These are such European varieties as Bessemyanka, Borup, Williams, Krasnodarskaya letnyaya and Lastochka, whose leaves lost only 30-40 % of water in 6 hours of dehydration. Under the same conditions, the lowest water losses 42-46%) were observed in the varieties Minueli, Olga and Pinli from East Asian pears. From the MES VIR species collection, P. caucasica Fed., P. elaeagnifolia Pall., P. nivalis Jacq., P. salicifolia Pall., P. ussuriensis Maxim. may be of interest for breeding for drought resistance.

How to cite
Semenova L., Bandurko I., Dobrenkov E. RESISTANCE OF PEAR (PYRUS L.) TO DEHYDRATION DURING DRY PERIODS OF VEGETATION OF THE FOOTHILL ZONE OF THE REPUBLIC OF ADYGEA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2021. № 71(5). pp. 161–170. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/21/05/11.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-5-71-161-170 (request date: 29.03.2024).