Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Galkina Evgenia

Federal State Budget Institution of Science "Russian National Scientific Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking" Magarach " RAS"

Candidate of Agricultural Sciences

Articles in journal: (total 4)

pdf
687 Кб
14 с.
Mineral nutrition of plants
Date posted: 14.07.2017
UDC: 34.85/.86:631.559.2/.816.12:632.4
Keywords: GRAPES, FOLIAR FERTILIZING, TANK-MIXTURE, YIELD CAPACITY

Annotation

The main feature and principal essence of the current stage of agricultural production is the need to increase its efficiency in the face of the need to reduce the consumption of energy resources, while not reducing, but increasing in the productivity of cultivated crops. Today, one way to increase in the quantity and quality of grapes yield and produced wine from it is to apply foliar fertilizers and surfactants in the tank mixtures of pesticides that increase in their efficiency. This article outlines the results of a study conducted in 2015-2016 on the biological regulation as to the application of a liquid complex fertilizer Nutri-Fait PK and surfactant Spartan in the orchards of winemaking and table grapes varieties in the South Coast and South-Western viticultural regions of the Crimea. The preparations of interest were added to tank mixture of pesticides during the chemical treatment of grapevines in the following phases of grapes plants development: "before bloom"; "after bloom" and "closure of berries into clusters." The results obtained in the course of carried out research evidenced the positive impact of Nutri-Fait PK and Spartan preparations on the yield and quality of winemaking grapes variety of Cabernet Sauvignon and Kesha table variety. It was found that the three-stage spraying of the vineyards with the preparations under investigation significantly increases in the biomass buildup of the above-ground grapes bush parts (up to 22% as compared to standard). The grapes yield capacity increases the yields up to 9-12 %, as well increases in accumulation of sugar in the juice of the berries by 0,5-0,6 g/100 sm3, thus speeding up the ripening of the grapes in the conditions of the South Coast and South-Western Crimea.

How to cite
Aleinikova N., Galkina E., Didenko P., Didenko L. BIOLOGICAL REGULATIONS OF "NUTRI-FAIT PK" AND "SPARTAN" PREPARA-TION'S APPLICATION ON WINE-MAKING AND TABLE GRAPES VARETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CRIMEA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2017. № 46(4). pp. 80–93. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/17/04/08.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
696 Кб
18 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 15.03.2017
UDC: 634.8:632.4/.937
Keywords: DISEASE DEVELOPMENT, GRAPE-VINE, MILDEW, OIDIUM, GREY MOULD, SOUR ROT, SPRAYING, BIOPREPARATIONS, FUNGICIDES

Annotation

At present, the prospect of increasing in the efficiency of protective measures in the vine orchards can be achieved with the development on the modern level of environmental approaches to the improvement of plant protection practices taking into account the features of the resort areas of Crimea. The purpose of our research was studying of efficiency of natural origin preparation of domestic production, the working off of regulations of their application for effective control of mildew, oidium, gray and sour decay, the increase in yilding of grapes orchards that is extremely urgent direction of research today. Laying of experiences and accounting were carried out using the standard techniques in the vine growing and protection of plants. Intensity of diseases defeat of a grapes bush organs in the experiment's options was compared to control option (without processings) and to a standard option (use of chemical fungicides by 100% to norm). The results of studying of the using effeciency of Bactofit, SK and Agat-25K, FP bio-logical agents for control of diseases in grapevine orchards of the South-Western and Southern coast viticultural zones of Crimea in the period of 2014-2016 are presented in this article. On the basis of carried out research the time-limit for the application of the biological protective agents in the integrated system of vines protec-tive measures has been established, taking into account the peculiarities of the culture and the pathogenic pathway of the epiphitotiously hazardous diseases. The data obtained in an experiment show that Baktofit application, SK and Agate-25K, TPS increase in the quantity of grapes harvest of the Muscat Yantarny (for 7,6%), Rkatsiteli (for 8,6% and 13%) and the Muscat Bely (for 11,6% and 10,7%) and improve the qualitative characteristics of these varieties.

How to cite
Aleinikova N., Galkina E., Andreev V., Shaporenko V. EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF GRAPES DISEASES DEVELOPMENT UNDER APPLICATION OF BIOLOGICAL DOMESTIC PREPARATIONS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2017. № 44(2). pp. 56–73. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/17/02/06.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
198 Кб
16 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 15.11.2016
UDC: 634.8.047: 632.3/.7
Keywords: GRAPES, DISEASES, PESTS, INVASIVE SPECIES, FEATURE OF DEVELOPMENT, DISTRIBUTION, FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE

Annotation

The article reports the results of multi-year monitoring of zonal peculiarities of development of complex of diseases and pests on grapes plantations of the Crimea under the conditions of climate change, wide introduction of foreign grapevine planting material and significant change of the range of plant protection means. It has been established that the following pests and diseases are wide spread annually in all viticultural zones: downy mildew, powdery mildew, Botrytis cinerea, Lobesia botrana, thrips, Eriophyes vitis; focally develop Schizotetranychus pruni and Tetranychus urticae, Viteus vitifolii, bud pests (Otiorrhynchus spp., Theresia ampelophaga and others); while black rot, black spot, Alternaria spp. and Helicoverpa armigera are characterized by periodic injuriousness. Due to changes in the assortment of insecticides and acaricides applied in the vineyards we can observe the increase in sucking arthropod populations of planting: Eriophyes vitis Pgst., a complex of phytophagous thrips (Thripidae), leaf form of Phylloxera vastatrix. On the other hand, there was a decrease in the spread of spider mites (Tetranychidae). The decline in the level of agric and technical practices applied on industrial vineyards resulted in the tendency to accumulate the bud pests and pests that damage the perennial wood of grapes plants. In recent years the following invasive for the Crimea diseases and pests have progressively developed in the vineyards: Bois noir, leafhoppers (Stictocephala bubalus, Arboridia kakogawana, Scaphoideus titanus). It was found that the following identified aboriginal species of cycads pose have a potential hazard for the stable development of Crimean viticulture: Hyalestes obsoletus Sign., Hyalesthes luteipes Fieb., Reptalus melanochaetus Duf. They are capable to spread the phytoplasma infection.

How to cite
Aleinikova N., Borisenko M., Galkina E., Radionovskaya Y. MODERN TRENDS OF PESTS DEVELOPMENT IN THE AMPELOCENOSES OF CRIMEA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 42(6). pp. 119–134. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/06/12.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
693 Кб
14 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 26.11.2018
UDC: 634.85:632.4/.952(470.75)
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2018-6-54-110-123
Keywords: GRAPES, ETIOLOGY, ROT, FUNGI, BACTERIA, YIELD LOSSES, FUNGICIDES

Annotation

In the 2016-2017 the etiology of summer grape rots affecting Muscat Blanc grapes in conditions of the Southern coast of Crimea studied. These rots are becoming more and more important economically and can lead to the loss of up to 80% of the ripening harvest. It has been demonstrated that this phenomenon is a complex one and is caused by the development of such species as Botrytis cinerea Pers., Guignardia baccae (Cav.) Jasz., Aspergillus niger Tiegh., Rizopus nigricans Ehr., Cladosporium herbarum (Pers.) Link, Penicillium sp. It was established that sour rot prevails in the structure of berry rots affecting grapes by the harvest time (the third decade of August and the first and second decades of September). We studied how various affecting Muscat Blanc grapes berry rot pathogens depend on the temperature regime and berry juice sugar content. A strong correlation was established between the intensity of oidium development and damage to the grapes caused by thrips and the level of sour rot development. Laboratory and field experiments provided data on the biological effectiveness of modern specialized fungicides in controlling the development of grape rot pathogens. Fungicides application proved insufficient in preventing harvest loss of Muscat Blanc grapes from sour rot. To effectively control this disease, it is necessary to develop a separate set of measures, including those aimed at improving the mechanical strength of the grape berry skin, prevent oidium and herbivore thrips damage to the epidermis during berry growth, limit the development of fruit flies during the ripening of grapes.

How to cite
Aleinikova N., Galkina E., Andreev V., Bolotyanskaya E., Shaporenko V. ETIOLOGY AND ROT CONTROL OF BERRIES OF MUSKAT WHITE GRAPES IN THE CRIMEA SOUTHERN COAST CONDITIONS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2018. № 54(6). pp. 110–123. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/18/06/11.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2018-6-54-110-123 (request date: 29.03.2024).