Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Aleinikova Natalia

Federal State Budget Institution of Science "Russian National Scientific Research Institute of Viticulture and Winemaking" Magarach " RAS"

Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, associated professor

Articles in journal: (total 8)

pdf
370 Кб
19 с.
Date posted: 02.06.2023
UDC: 634.8.001.891.3313
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-3-81-101-119
Keywords: GRAPES, AMPELOCENOSIS, GENE POOL, GENOTYPING, GENERATIVE AND CLONAL BREEDING, STRESS-FACTORS, TISSUE CULTURE IN VITRO, BIOTECHNOLOGY, AGRO-CLIMATIC INDICES, DIGITAL CARTOGRAPHIC, MATHEMATICAL MODELS, AGROBIOLOGY, TECHNICAL FACILITIES, REQUISITION CARDS, PESTS, DISEASES, PHYTOSANITARY MONITORING, ORGANIC AGRICULTURE, BIOPHARMACEUTICALS, TOP DRESSING, STORAGE

Annotation

Fundamental scientific research of the FSBSI ARNRIVW Magarach RAS is focused on the conservation and mobilization, the study of the gene pool of grapes, the identification of gene sources for marker-associated breeding. Comparative characteristics of 50 varieties were obtained for the formation of a database; 4 potential sources of valuable traits. Microsatellite profiles of 50 unknown grape samples and 66 hybrids were obtained for the certification of genetic resources. Identification of 23 grape samples was performed; the genotypes of 50 wild grape samples of Crimea were evaluated by 3 SSR loci VC8g9, VMC1g3.2, VMC4f3.1 associated with the genes Rpv6, Rpv13, Run1. A system of induction of the development of various stages of somatic embryoids of grapes has been developed. Cytogenetic study of plants in vitro was carried out. A new gene pool was obtained in the amount of 6199 hybrid seeds and 733 hybrid seedlings. To determine the physiological and morphological criteria of heat resistance and to identify the varietal specificity of autochthonous grape varieties, the possibility of testing them for resistance to high temperatures in the leaf area in vitro was established; varieties that adapt better to heat conditions were identified: Alburla, Tanagoz and Tergulnek. The emphasis is on the creation of technology of clonal micro-propagation, the use in the production of a vegetative collection of grape varieties and clones in vitro, the development of biotechnologies for improving plants from phytopathogens, the development of technologies for testing planting material for latent infections of viruses, phytoplasmas and bacterial cancer. Recommendations on agroecological optimization of varietal composition and terroir specialization of viticulture and winemaking based on agroecological zoning of the territory have been developed. The best varietal-rootstock combinations were highlighted. A structured data set (photosets) has been formed, containing about 102 thousand photographs of parts of grape plants, including those with symptoms of lesion, damage by 11 infectious diseases, 12 phytophages and 8 non-infectious developmental pathologies. For organic viticulture, the effectiveness of 6 technological protection schemes and 6 microbiological preparations and biologically active substances was evaluated. Data on reducing losses and maintaining the marketable quality of table grapes during long-term storage were obtained. The obtained results are the basis for ensuring the innovative development of authentic viticulture, improving the quality and competitiveness of domestic products.

How to cite
Likhovskoy V., Aleinikova N. MAIN RESULTS OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF THE FSBSI INSTITUTE MAGARACH OF THE RAS IN 2022 IN THE FIELD OF VITICULTURE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2023. № 81(3). pp. 101–119. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/23/03/06.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2023-3-81-101-119 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
687 Кб
14 с.
Mineral nutrition of plants
Date posted: 14.07.2017
UDC: 34.85/.86:631.559.2/.816.12:632.4
Keywords: GRAPES, FOLIAR FERTILIZING, TANK-MIXTURE, YIELD CAPACITY

Annotation

The main feature and principal essence of the current stage of agricultural production is the need to increase its efficiency in the face of the need to reduce the consumption of energy resources, while not reducing, but increasing in the productivity of cultivated crops. Today, one way to increase in the quantity and quality of grapes yield and produced wine from it is to apply foliar fertilizers and surfactants in the tank mixtures of pesticides that increase in their efficiency. This article outlines the results of a study conducted in 2015-2016 on the biological regulation as to the application of a liquid complex fertilizer Nutri-Fait PK and surfactant Spartan in the orchards of winemaking and table grapes varieties in the South Coast and South-Western viticultural regions of the Crimea. The preparations of interest were added to tank mixture of pesticides during the chemical treatment of grapevines in the following phases of grapes plants development: "before bloom"; "after bloom" and "closure of berries into clusters." The results obtained in the course of carried out research evidenced the positive impact of Nutri-Fait PK and Spartan preparations on the yield and quality of winemaking grapes variety of Cabernet Sauvignon and Kesha table variety. It was found that the three-stage spraying of the vineyards with the preparations under investigation significantly increases in the biomass buildup of the above-ground grapes bush parts (up to 22% as compared to standard). The grapes yield capacity increases the yields up to 9-12 %, as well increases in accumulation of sugar in the juice of the berries by 0,5-0,6 g/100 sm3, thus speeding up the ripening of the grapes in the conditions of the South Coast and South-Western Crimea.

How to cite
Aleinikova N., Galkina E., Didenko P., Didenko L. BIOLOGICAL REGULATIONS OF "NUTRI-FAIT PK" AND "SPARTAN" PREPARA-TION'S APPLICATION ON WINE-MAKING AND TABLE GRAPES VARETIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE CRIMEA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2017. № 46(4). pp. 80–93. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/17/04/08.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
696 Кб
18 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 15.03.2017
UDC: 634.8:632.4/.937
Keywords: DISEASE DEVELOPMENT, GRAPE-VINE, MILDEW, OIDIUM, GREY MOULD, SOUR ROT, SPRAYING, BIOPREPARATIONS, FUNGICIDES

Annotation

At present, the prospect of increasing in the efficiency of protective measures in the vine orchards can be achieved with the development on the modern level of environmental approaches to the improvement of plant protection practices taking into account the features of the resort areas of Crimea. The purpose of our research was studying of efficiency of natural origin preparation of domestic production, the working off of regulations of their application for effective control of mildew, oidium, gray and sour decay, the increase in yilding of grapes orchards that is extremely urgent direction of research today. Laying of experiences and accounting were carried out using the standard techniques in the vine growing and protection of plants. Intensity of diseases defeat of a grapes bush organs in the experiment's options was compared to control option (without processings) and to a standard option (use of chemical fungicides by 100% to norm). The results of studying of the using effeciency of Bactofit, SK and Agat-25K, FP bio-logical agents for control of diseases in grapevine orchards of the South-Western and Southern coast viticultural zones of Crimea in the period of 2014-2016 are presented in this article. On the basis of carried out research the time-limit for the application of the biological protective agents in the integrated system of vines protec-tive measures has been established, taking into account the peculiarities of the culture and the pathogenic pathway of the epiphitotiously hazardous diseases. The data obtained in an experiment show that Baktofit application, SK and Agate-25K, TPS increase in the quantity of grapes harvest of the Muscat Yantarny (for 7,6%), Rkatsiteli (for 8,6% and 13%) and the Muscat Bely (for 11,6% and 10,7%) and improve the qualitative characteristics of these varieties.

How to cite
Aleinikova N., Galkina E., Andreev V., Shaporenko V. EFFECTIVE CONTROL OF GRAPES DISEASES DEVELOPMENT UNDER APPLICATION OF BIOLOGICAL DOMESTIC PREPARATIONS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2017. № 44(2). pp. 56–73. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/17/02/06.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
715 Кб
26 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 15.03.2017
UDC: 634.8.047:632.75:632.931/.937(470.75)
Keywords: GRAPEVINE, PHYTOPLASMA DISEASE BLACK WOOD OF GRAPES (BOIS NOIR), AGRICULTURAL METHOD, PLANT GROWTH BIOSTIMULATORS, BACTERICIDE, YIELD

Annotation

We carried out a two-year research in the affected by phytoplasma disease (Bois noir) Chardonnay vineyards in the South-West zone of Crimea. In 2014, when 26.8 % of the vine bushes have been demonstrated the symptoms of phytoplasma disease, and the damage degree constituted on average 2.5 affected shoots per bush, we found a significant reduction in the average number of bunches on the affected bushes, specifically by 34.5 %; the average bunch weight was reduced by 23.5 %; the estimated vine yield went down by 50.4 %. In 2015, when 62.7 % of vines showed the symptoms of the disease, and the damage degree constituted on average 3.7 affected shoots per bush, the reduction in the average bunch weight reached 61.7 %, that of the vine yield 66.7 %. Monitoring of Auchenorrhyncha revealed four native species that can act as phytoplasma vectors spreading the disease from the infected to healthy plants: Hyalesthes obsoletus, Hyalesthes luteipes, Reptalus panzer, Fieberiella florii. The number of the pests was 1-5 samples in a trap during June-September period. When studying the possibility of reducing the negative impact of Bois noir on grape-vines in case of using plant growth bioactivators K-Humate-Na + Gumasporin and Sana-Tam, as well as bactericide Fitoplazmin (water-soluble concentrate) we werent able to obtain reliable data on curbing the spread of phytoplasmos with the abovementioned drugs under test rates and frequency of treatments. Removing the affected vine shoots resulted in 14.8 % reduction of the number of affected by Bois noir plants and reduction in the damage degree by 1.2 times. Combining agricultural practices with experimental preparations had, to varying degrees, a positive impact on certain quantitative yield indicators; the influence on sugar content in the juice of the berries has not been established. The obtained results are preliminary; the research will be continued.

How to cite
Aleinikova N., Radionovskaya Y., Didenko L., Didenko P., Andreev V. GUEST OF REDUCING WAYS OF SPREAD AND DECREASE IN HARMFULNESS OF PHYTOPLASMA BLACK WOOD OF GRAPES (BOIS NOIR) DISEASE IN THE VINEYARDS OF CRIMEA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2017. № 44(2). pp. 74–99. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/17/02/07.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
198 Кб
16 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 15.11.2016
UDC: 634.8.047: 632.3/.7
Keywords: GRAPES, DISEASES, PESTS, INVASIVE SPECIES, FEATURE OF DEVELOPMENT, DISTRIBUTION, FREQUENCY OF OCCURRENCE

Annotation

The article reports the results of multi-year monitoring of zonal peculiarities of development of complex of diseases and pests on grapes plantations of the Crimea under the conditions of climate change, wide introduction of foreign grapevine planting material and significant change of the range of plant protection means. It has been established that the following pests and diseases are wide spread annually in all viticultural zones: downy mildew, powdery mildew, Botrytis cinerea, Lobesia botrana, thrips, Eriophyes vitis; focally develop Schizotetranychus pruni and Tetranychus urticae, Viteus vitifolii, bud pests (Otiorrhynchus spp., Theresia ampelophaga and others); while black rot, black spot, Alternaria spp. and Helicoverpa armigera are characterized by periodic injuriousness. Due to changes in the assortment of insecticides and acaricides applied in the vineyards we can observe the increase in sucking arthropod populations of planting: Eriophyes vitis Pgst., a complex of phytophagous thrips (Thripidae), leaf form of Phylloxera vastatrix. On the other hand, there was a decrease in the spread of spider mites (Tetranychidae). The decline in the level of agric and technical practices applied on industrial vineyards resulted in the tendency to accumulate the bud pests and pests that damage the perennial wood of grapes plants. In recent years the following invasive for the Crimea diseases and pests have progressively developed in the vineyards: Bois noir, leafhoppers (Stictocephala bubalus, Arboridia kakogawana, Scaphoideus titanus). It was found that the following identified aboriginal species of cycads pose have a potential hazard for the stable development of Crimean viticulture: Hyalestes obsoletus Sign., Hyalesthes luteipes Fieb., Reptalus melanochaetus Duf. They are capable to spread the phytoplasma infection.

How to cite
Aleinikova N., Borisenko M., Galkina E., Radionovskaya Y. MODERN TRENDS OF PESTS DEVELOPMENT IN THE AMPELOCENOSES OF CRIMEA [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2016. № 42(6). pp. 119–134. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/16/06/12.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).