Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The modern choose of varieties in the industrial wine growing is directed on the varieties with high competitiveness in the consumer market, at the same time the new highly productive varieties capable to produce the original wines are of interest. For possibility of expansion of assortment of industrial viticulture in the Temryuk district of Krasnodar Region the areas for cultivate of the introduced technical grapes varieties of the Greek breeding are selected. These varieties are early bearing and differ in very high productivity (25-30 t/hectare and more). The varieties are undemanding to soils, grow well on poor, dry and lime soils, differ in high drought resistance. In comparison with the zoned technical varieties of the Black Sea area the grapes varieties of the Greek breeding are more winter-hardy, cold-stable and with high stability to mildew, gray decay and an oidium. Due to noted advantages these varieties are of undoubted interest to deeper studying of features of chemical and biochemical grapes com-position to determine a possibility of varieties cultivation in the conditions of the region and for the choice of the direction of their using. In this work the assessment of indexes of the quality of the grapes mash received from the new grapes varieties of the Greek breeding growing in the conditions of the Taman subband of the Krasnodar Region has been carried out. It is shown that the different terms of grapes harvesting considerably influence the mass concentration of sugars in a grapes mash from the studied varieties, however it is not essential changes the titrable acidity of a mash. The results of the analysis we have been compared with an organoleptic assessment of table dry wine materials, and it has allowed to select the new perspective grapes variety of Singros for production of qualitative table white wines.

Annotation

The paper presents the results of a vegetation experiment to study the effect of VL 77 on the regenerative capacity of two-buds cuttings of Moldova variety. The cuttings were soaked for 24 hours in working solutions of the studied preparation at concentrations of 0.005; 0.01; 0.05; 0.1 and 0.5 %. The cuttings of the control variant were soaked in water for the same time, and the cuttings of the standard variant were soaked in a 0.01 % IAA solution. The cuttings were germinated in plastic containers filled with water. The use of VL 77 had a positive effect on growth processes, increasing the length of the shoots by 1.8-5.0 cm or 43.9-122.0 %. A clear pattern of a decrease in the average length of shoots with an increase in the concentration of the drug from 0.005 to 0.5% was revealed. The highest intensity of opening of eyes, and the degree of their opening, as well as the highest total growth, were characteristic of cuttings in the variant with a concentration of the studied drug of 0.005%. Treatment of cuttings with VL 77 led to a significant improvement in virtually all the main indicators of their root-forming ability: rooting rate, length of the pre-root period, yield of cuttings with three roots or more, the number of roots, their total length. The greatest effect was obtained with the use of 0.005 % concentration of VL 77. In this variant, rooting increased by 18.5%, the proportion of cuttings with three roots or more by 32.5 %, the average number of roots of the cuttings by 39.6%, root length 4.1 times. The length of the pre-root period decreased by 4.5 days. Thus, the tested drug VL 77 can be attributed to effective stimulators of the regenerative capacity of grapevine cuttings.