Thematic electronic scientific online journal NCFSCHVW

Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia



Yakuba Galina


Candidate of Biological Sciences

Articles in journal: (total 18)

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1066 Кб
7 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 17.09.2012   Informregistr code: 0421200126/0070
UDC: 632.4 : 634.11
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, ANTHRACNOSE, SYMPTOM, CONIDIUM, CLIMATIC ANOMALIES

Annotation

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How to cite
Yakuba G. NEW SYMPTOMS OF APPLE ANTRACNOSE IN THE NORTH CACAUSES AND PROTECTIVE MEASURES AGAINST DISEASE [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2012. № 17(5). pp. 100–106. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/12/05/13.pdf. (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
690 Кб
15 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 17.09.2021
UDC: 632.4.01/.08:575.174.015.3:57.083.182
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-5-71-219-233
Keywords: APPLE TREE, ROT APPLE CORE, ROOT ROT, BIOLOGICAL DRUGS, FUSARIUM

Annotation

Over the past 15 years, the prevalence of pathogens of the genus Fusarium has increased in the gardens of the Krasnodar region, which are found both in the root rot pathocomplex and in the apple core rot pathocomplex. At present, much attention is paid to the biological method of plant protection, one of the directions of which is the use of microbiological drugs. In this connection, we studied the antifungal activity of microbiological preparations Rizoplan, Liq., Alirin B, WP, Fitosporin-M, P, Vitaplan, WP, registered on an apple tree to control scab, powdery mildew, moniliosis, as well as promising in relation to pathogens of rot roots and cores of apple fruits from the genus Fusarium Trichocin, WP and Biocomposite, Liq. As a result of the study of the antifungal activity of microbiological drugs against fungi of the genus Fusarium, causative agents of rot of roots and fruits of the apple tree, both weak and very strong mycoparasitism were noted, but in most variants of the experiment, competition for the area of nutrition prevailed. Under the influence of some drugs, the shape, edge and color of the fungus colony changed. In general, for the entire sample of pathogens, the best bioagents were the antagonists of the drug Trichocin, WP, which suppressed all five strains with BE 50-90 % and showed hyperparasitism in one strain, as well as the drug Alirin B, Liq, which inhibited the growth of three strains with BE 56 -85 %, showing antibiosis or fungistatic antibiotic antagonism with the formation of a sterile zone.

How to cite
Astapchuk I., Yakuba G., Nasonov A. ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY OF BIOLOGIES IN RELATION TO PATHOGENS OF ROOT ROT AND THE CORE OF APPLE FRUITS FROM THE GENUS FUSARIUM LINK [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2021. № 71(5). pp. 219–233. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/21/05/16.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2021-5-71-219-233 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
769 Кб
15 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 18.11.2019
UDC: 632.4.01/.08:575.174.015.3:57.083.182
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-6-60-148-162
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, ROTS OF FRUIT CORE, FUSARIUM, ALTERNARIA, ISOLATE, MORPHOTYPE

Annotation

Studying the rot of the seed chamber leads to the appearance of a micocomplex of 7 species fungi: 5 species of Fusarium Link and 2 species of Alternaria Nees. Presence of species on varieties in different gardens were heterogeneous. The set of plant species was unique for every variety and garden. The most number of species of pathogenic fungi was found on the Idared variety in the Timashevsky district. Two species of Fusarium was first discovered as rot causing agent of apple fruits in the Krasnodar Territory F. solani (Mart.) Sacc and F. semitectum Berk. & Ravenel. Both species were found in the Dinsky district: one at the Red Delicious variety, and the second at the Starkrimson variety. Infection of flowers at the same time with two or three pathogens, which later co-developed in the seed chamber of the fruit, was established. The species of F. sporotrichiodes Sherb. was the most common in pathocomplexes. A study of the morphological and cultural characteristics of isolates of selected species in this study showed that cultural characteristics corresponded to those described earlier for these taxonomic units. For some species, the differences in growth rate, height, structure and color of aerial mycelium were noted. Most isolates of the species F. solani, F. semitectum, F. proliferatum (Matsushima), A. tenuissima ex Nees et T. Nees: Fries, and A. alternata (Fries: Fries) Keissler were characterized by rapid growth rates. According to the structure of the colonial aerial mycelium, homogeneous isolates species F. solani, F. semitectum, F. avenaceum (Fr.) Sacc and heterogeneous isolates species F. proliferatum, F. sporotrichiodes, were found. The color of aerial mycelium in most cases was homogeneous.

How to cite
Yakuba G., Astapchuk I., Nasonov A. SPECIFIC STRUCTURE OF MICROMYCETES COMPLEXES, CAUSES OF ROTS OF APPLE FRUITS CORE IN THE KRASNODAR REGION [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2019. № 60(6). pp. 148–162. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/19/06/15.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2019-6-60-148-162 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
711 Кб
22 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 20.11.2022
UDC: 632.2:632.7:632.92
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-6-78-326-347
Keywords: APPLE, CHERRY, SWEET CHERRY, PEAR, DISEASES, PESTS

Annotation

The article presents the results of studies of bioecological features of the development of pathogens apple powdery mildew Podosphaera leucotricha (Ell. et Ev.) Salm., cherries and sweet cherries coccomycosis Blumeriella jaapii (Rehm) Arx; pests cherry fly Rhagoletis cerasi L., pear psylla Psylla pyri L. in changing weather conditions for the development of protection technologies. The research was carried out in different zones of the Krasnodar region in field and laboratory conditions using methodological approaches based on modern methods and techniques for the protection of perennial plantings. The most spread of powdery mildew was on highly susceptibility varieties specifically Idared 7.5 %, Jonagold 2.5 %, Florina 3.7 %; on mediumsentient varieties Geneva Early 6.0 %, Golden Delicious 2.2 %, Reinet Simirenko 4.6 %; on low-sentient varieties Gala 4.2 %, Crimson Crisp 0.7%, Slava peremozhtsam 2.0 %, Prikubanskoe 2.6 %. The period of the beginning of the spread of the primary infection of coccomycosis in optimal weather conditions is before the flowering of cherries and sweet cherries, the period of mass dispersal of ascospores was during flowering. Appearance of the first signs of the disease was in the phase of the beginning of fruit ripening. By the 3rd decade of August, the spread of coccomycosis on highly susceptible cherry varieties was up to 70.0 % with an intensity of 37.0 %. It was revealed that due to warming and the emergence of new frost-resistant varieties, the distribution area of the cherry fly Rhagoletis cerasi L. has expanded. In the growing season of 2022 the first individuals of the phytophagus in the cages were marked on May 19 years and mating at the end of the 3rd decade of May, oviposition was observed from the first decade of June. The maximum number of phytophages is 13 individuals/trap in 3 days, marked on June 6, the first damaged fruits were recorded on June 8. It has been established that two types of psyllas are found in the agrocenoses of pears in the south of Russia: Psylla pyri L. (common pear psylla) and Psylla pyrisuga Frst. (large pear psylla). The most harmful was P. pyri L., the number of phytophages in the last decade exceeds the economic threshold of harmfulness (10 eggs per 10 cm of branch) by 8-12 times. The first ovipositionof the pear psylla was marked on March 30 in the phenophase of the pear resting bud at the sum of the effective temperatures of 40.1 ºC which is 21 days later compared to 2021. Full cycle of development from imago to imago lasts with the accumulation of the sum of effective temperatures of 300 ºC, develops in 6 generations.

How to cite
Yakuba G., Podgornaya M., Prah S., Mishchenko I., Vasilchenko A., Didenko N., Marchenko N. SPECIFICS OF BIOECOLOGY OF THE MOST DANGEROUS MYCOSES AND PESTS OF ORCHARD CENOSES IN CHANGING WEATHER CONDITIONS [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2022. № 78(6). pp. 326–347. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/22/06/22.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2022-6-78-326-347 (request date: 29.03.2024).
pdf
1067 Кб
20 с.
Phytosanitary condition of plants
Date posted: 21.09.2020
UDC: 632.4.01/.08:575.174.015.3:57.083.182
DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2020-5-65-306-325
Keywords: APPLE-TREE, ROT APPLE CORE, FUSARIUM, NUTRIENT MEDIA

Annotation

Since 2013, in the Krasnodar Territory, fungi of the Fusarium Link genus have been the causative agents of rotting the apple fruits core, in 2019, 7 species of this genus have been identified as part of the pathocomplex. In order to effectively control the disease, in the pathogenesis of which a large number of species are involved, in vitro studies are required. It is necessary to achieve fast and guaranteed growth of each of the fungies. Significant variability of morphological and cultural characteristics of Fusaria is known during their cultivation under the influence of the composition of growing medium. In this regard, the selection for Fusarium fungi-pathogens of rot of the apple fruits core optimal for the cultivation of growing medium is actual. The studies were carried out by laboratorian and comparative analysis methods. We studied the growth of three pathogens of rotting the apple tree fruits core of the Fusarium Link genus in 10 growing medium. The radial colony growth rate and morphological and cultural characters were evaluated. As a result of studies in species F. semitectum (Mart.) Sacc., F. sporotrichioides Sherb. and F. solani (Mart.) Sacc. was found that not only the growth rate of the colonies was varied, but also their cultural characteristics depending on the growing medium. To cultivate the studied pathogenic fungi, carrot and tomato agar were isolated in the our experiments as universal medium on which the colony growth was most intense. Additionally, the growing medium were proposed for each species: for F. solani Murashige and Skoog medium; for F. semitectum medium Murashige and Skoog and wort agar; for F. sporotrichioides Nirenberg medium, potatoes-glucosal agar and wort-agar.

How to cite
Astapchuk I., Yakuba G., Marchenko N., Nasonov A. EVALUATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF VARIOUS NUTRIENT MEDIA THE GROWTH OF THE GENUS FUSARIUM LINK FUNGI [Electronic resource] // Fruit growing and viticulture of South Russia. 2020. № 65(5). pp. 306–325. URL: http://journalkubansad.ru/pdf/20/05/24.pdf. DOI: 10.30679/2219-5335-2020-5-65-306-325 (request date: 29.03.2024).