Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In the Krasnodar region over the past 20 years, during the summer vegetation period of fruit plants, the main abiotic stresses are increased air temperature exceeding the long-term climatic norm by up to 7 degrees, and prolonged droughts, the combination of which negatively affects the growth, development and yield capacity of fruit plants, especially in conditions of insufficient irrigation regime. The greatest manifestation of high-temperature stress is observed in two periods � in the first decade of July and the third decade of August. Considering that it is at this time that two most important stages of apple tree development take place simultaneously � the differentiation of fruit buds (July) and the ripening of the fruits of the current year's harvest (August), the resistance of fruit plants to high-temperature stresses is a necessary condition for the normal course of their production process. The effect of mycorrhization of apple young plants with a biopreparation based on symbiotic fungi of arbuscular mycorrhiza Glomus sp. on the drought-resistance of Prikubanskoe apple variety on the dwarf rootstock of SK 7 was studied. Mycorrhization of plants with a biopreparation based on symbiotic fungi Glomus sp. in most variants positively affected the resistance to high temperatures and drought of experimental apple trees. The best water-retaining ability of the leaves (for 2 and 4 hours of exposure) was shown by plants in the variant with root treatment at a dose of 1.0 g of a biological preparation. Mycorrhization of apple young plants can be recommended as a nature-like technology that increases the adaptive potential of apple plants by mobilizing the mechanisms of symbiotic interaction of arbuscular mycorrhiza fungi and the root system of plants.