Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The observed increase in environmental pollution and more frequent climate stresses stimulate the introduction of nature-like technologies in all areas of agriculture. Preparations based on microorganisms are taken from natural communities and significantly increase the protective functions of plants against both biotic and abiotic environmental factors without causing damage to nature. One of the main advantages of preparations of biological origin is the preservation of natural soil fertility and an increase in the activity of soil microorganisms. There are a number of reasons hindering the growth of their use. These factors are related to the nature of their origin. There is a significant dependence of the effectiveness of the relationships of living organisms on biocenoses and biogeocenoses in specific environmental conditions. The development of technologies for the use of preparations based on microorganisms and their activity under certain conditions will make it possible to use natural resources wisely. As a result of studies of the effect biological preparations Gamair, Sporex Flavobacterin, Extrasol, Rizomax, FitActive Extra, Ribav Extra, combinations have been identified that positively affect the rooting of lignified cuttings of rootstocks BS-2, Evrika 99, Kuban� 86 (AP-1), Krasnaya lenta (KEBS VIR breeding), PKG-13/1, 534 d-16, 918/13, 921-2, 934, 935-13, PK SK-1, PK SK-2 (NCFSCHVW breeding) in the first field of the nursery. The combinations �rootstock � fungicidal preparation � growth-correcting preparation� were found, which give the highest yield of plants per linear meter. Their effect on the growth of rootstocks (diameter and height) has been proven. A three-factor variance analysis, where a combination of all these factors (genotype, biofungicide, growth stimulant) was used as a factor, established a significant effect of the latter on the height (27.4%) and diameter (24.6%) of rooted cuttings. Upon receipt of high-quality rootstock material, combinations of preparations based on fungi and bacteria were isolated, which were not inferior in their effectiveness to the options where IMC was used � these are Ribav-Rizomax, Ribav-Extrasol, Gamair-FitActive Extra, Extrasol-FitActive Extra.