Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia
Feyzullayev Bejpulat
Daghestan Selection Testing Station of Viticulture and Horticulture branch of the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution North Caucasian Federal Scientific Center of Horticulture, Viticulture, Winemaking
Articles in journal: (total 7)
The results of the work on study varieties of Eastern persimmon are presented. Agriculture technology methods increasing yield capacity of culture are given. Promising varieties for industrial development in the Southern Daghestan are allocated as a result of study
The natural edaphoclimatic conditions of the Republic of Dagestan are favorable for growing grapes of different ripening periods and different directions of use. The cultivated assortment in the region is mainly represented by introduced varieties, but the potential of local varieties is much higher, so in the future viticulture should rely on local, highly adaptive, high-quality, consistently productive and advanced varieties that give exclusive wine products. The breeding renewal of the domestic grape assortment will allow to successfully solve the problems of import substitution in the viticulture industry of the Republic of Dagestan. The selection of elite grape seedlings took place on the basis of five-year studies. The main criterion for the selection of elite seedlings is stable yield capacity, plant resistance to diseases and pests, tolerance to the root form of phylloxera. The created hybrid fund of grapes will serve as a basis for improving breeding work in accordance with the objectives of research. The purpose of the research is to breed high-quality, relatively resistant to phylloxera and fungal diseases, varieties adapted to edaphoclimatic conditions. The varieties should have varietal flavor, the optimal ratio of sugar content and acidity in berry juice, high content of biologically active substances. In the conditions of Dagestan, the Pervenets Magaracha variety shows high adaptability and yield capacity. This variety is widely involved in the breeding program of crosses of the station as a donor of stability. Agrobiological study of hybrid forms of grapes was carried out in the hybrid nursery of DBESV&VG. The article presents an agrobiological and economic and technological assessment of elite seedlings of the stations new breeding, bred by hybridization of native varieties and the PervenetsMagaracha variety as a donor of resistance to biotic and abiotic stressors. The selected elite seedling 13-6-13 (Khatmi x Pervenets Magaracha) is distinguished by high quality indicators, showed biological endurance in hybrid nursery against a strong infectious background for phylloxera and fungal diseases. The use of the PervenetsMagaracha variety in the breeding of new varieties, with the involvement of Dagestan native varieties, allows obtaining genotypes with high resistance to diseases and pests of grapes in Dagestan.
Use of growth regulators on seed varieties of grape allowed to increase the number of berries in the bunch, to get full seedless of bunch, and also to increase the yield capacity. In addition, used drugs improved several the process of maturation of shoots
In article the main attention is paid to esti-mation of damage degree of different sub-tropical fruit crops under winter frost in 2012 in the Southern Dagestan conditions