Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In recent years the scales of gardening of settlements have considerably increased in the Belgorod region. Respectively, it causes the necessity of increase in volumes of cultivation of landing material and introduction in the greening assortment of the new ornamental wood plants which includes the elder plants. Research objective was the identification of prospects degree of use of some representatives of the Sambucus L. sort under the conditions of an introduction of the Belgorod Region.The presented in this article results are got as a result of research that are carried out on the base of the Botanical garden of the Belgorod State university. The study is undertaken an on the types of Sambucus canadensis L., Sambucus canadensis 'Plumosa' L., Sambucus racemosa 'Aurea' L., Sambucus racemosa L., Sambucus nigra L., Sambucus racemosa 'Plumosa' L., Sambucus sibirica Nakai. and Sambucus coreana Nakai on the generally accepted methodologies in the breeding work. On prospects degree under the conditions of the Belgorod Region the s�ecies of elder are presented by two groups: the first group - the most perspective with an assessment of 101-115 points (S. nigra L., S. racemosa 'Aurea' L. and S. sibirica Nakai.), the making 38% of total number of the introduced s�ecies; the second - perspective s�ecies of elder with an assessment of 95-100 points (S. canadensis L., S. canadensis 'Plumosa' L., S. racemosa L., S. racemosa 'Plumosa' L. and S. coreana Nakai.), the making 62% of total number of the introduced s�ecies.

Annotation

Actual problem of modern gardening is improvement of quality of production. Along with the main indicators - productivity, winter hardiness, vitamin value of fruits - the new varieties must have the immunity to wreckers, viral and phytoplasma diseases. The Belgorod Region is the favorable agrarian territory of Russia for cultivation of the various fruit plants intended for industrial and amateur gardening. Research is conducted on the methodical managements. The assessment of plants on resistance to diseases was carried out under the field conditions visually dynamically on a natural rigid infectious background. The long-term dynamics of stability of types of the genus Cerasus L. is shown in the article under the conditions of the Belgorod Region to the most harmful diseases. Types of sort of Cerasus under the conditions of the Belgorod area are receptive to Coccomyces hiemalis, Clasterosporium carpophiylum and Monilia cenerea. With high stability to Coccomyces hiemalis the types of. C. vulgaris, C. maximowiczii, C. sachalinensis are distinguished, the types of C. besseyi and �. fruticosa are defeated. Clasterosporium carpophiylum defeats all studied types of Cerasus. Among them the more steady are the types of C. avium, C. maximowiczii, C. sachalinensis. The types of �. fruticosa and C. bessey are defeated in a strong degree. Monilia cenerea defeats in a greater degree the types of C. tomentosa, C. besseyi and �. fruticosa. The types of C. mahaleb, C. maximowiczii, C. sachalinensis, C. japonica and C. glandulosa have a high resistance to monilia desease. With complex stability to illnesses under the conditions of the Belgorod area the types of C. avium, C. vulgaris are selected. These Cerasus types are perspective for introduction in the farms and for use in the plant-breeding work.