Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

Actual problem of modern gardening is improvement of quality of production. Along with the main indicators - productivity, winter hardiness, vitamin value of fruits - the new varieties must have the immunity to wreckers, viral and phytoplasma diseases. The Belgorod Region is the favorable agrarian territory of Russia for cultivation of the various fruit plants intended for industrial and amateur gardening. Research is conducted on the methodical managements. The assessment of plants on resistance to diseases was carried out under the field conditions visually dynamically on a natural rigid infectious background. The long-term dynamics of stability of types of the genus Cerasus L. is shown in the article under the conditions of the Belgorod Region to the most harmful diseases. Types of sort of Cerasus under the conditions of the Belgorod area are receptive to Coccomyces hiemalis, Clasterosporium carpophiylum and Monilia cenerea. With high stability to Coccomyces hiemalis the types of. C. vulgaris, C. maximowiczii, C. sachalinensis are distinguished, the types of C. besseyi and �. fruticosa are defeated. Clasterosporium carpophiylum defeats all studied types of Cerasus. Among them the more steady are the types of C. avium, C. maximowiczii, C. sachalinensis. The types of �. fruticosa and C. bessey are defeated in a strong degree. Monilia cenerea defeats in a greater degree the types of C. tomentosa, C. besseyi and �. fruticosa. The types of C. mahaleb, C. maximowiczii, C. sachalinensis, C. japonica and C. glandulosa have a high resistance to monilia desease. With complex stability to illnesses under the conditions of the Belgorod area the types of C. avium, C. vulgaris are selected. These Cerasus types are perspective for introduction in the farms and for use in the plant-breeding work.