Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In this article it has been established that the introduction in the vineyards soil of hydrogels with high degree of increase of volume in the conditions of the seaside plain of the Daghestan has had a positive effect on the grapes productivity. The most favorable conditions of water supply for Rkacitelli grapes were identified in a variant of hydrogel using at a dose of 40 kg/ha at a depth of 0,4 m. The application of hydrogel contributed to the increase in the average weight of bunches at 6,13% compared with the control, and it allowed to have 4-12 c/ha of additional products. It is shown, that the improvement of water supply of grapes plants in the case of hydrogel using has enhanced the efficiency of intro-duced nitrogen fertilizers. In a variant with fertilizers the increase in crop yield of grapes compared to control is 10 c/ha, and in the same option of hydrogel using additionally it was received the addition-al products of 15-27 c/ha. It is established that the improving of the conditions of vineyards cultivation through the agric and melliorative activities undertaken contributed to the increase in the mass sugar concentration in the berries juice by 6,15 g/dm3. It is shown that the relatively high prices of hydrogel caused the high costs to 74900 rub/ha for the grapes production in the first year of absorbent use and profit increase relative to control by 3850 rub/ha. However, in the second year the cost of hydrogel application in the vineyards soil were repaid in full and the additional income of 23700 rub/ha has been received in the hydrogel option, and 44625 rub/ha � in the option of hydrogel + fertilizer. The profitability of grapes production when using hydrogel was 163,2 %.