Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

Clonal rootstocks should contribute to improving the economic and biological characteristics of varieties, to show the adaptability to abiotic stress factors, to increase in the yield of plantations. Where guaranteed irrigation is not possible, the clonal rootstock for sweet cherry in Southern Russia can be Magaleb cherry or Antipka, which naturally show the high drought tolerance. The purpose of our work is the selection of a highly productive clonal rootstock for sweet cherry from the forms of Magaleb cherry selected by the high rooting rate with lignified cuttings. These clonal forms of Antipka, have been tested since 2015 for compatibility with the zoned Alexandria variety. 28 tested rootstock forms can be divided into groups according to the growth vigor, as dwarf, medium and vigorous growth. The rootstocks of C-85, C-3, ANT B/N 5, ANT 213, Jermuk 30, C 18, ANT A 30, ANT self-fertile 17 and ANT 14-21-33 stand out as dwarf. Testing of variety-rootstock combinations with the participation of Antipka forms showed that rootstock propagated by cloning contribute to early sweet cherry maturity, that is not the case with seed propagation. The manifestation of early maturity is noted in variety-rootstock combinations with the participation of ANT 1/148 9/10, ANT C 36, ANT b/n 13, ANT A 30, C-3, C-18, on the fifth year of growth a yield are of 9.8; 12.3; 10.4; 10.3; 12.3 and 15.1 kg, respectively, twice of the RVL 9 control rootstock � 6.5 kg. The analysis of the specific productivity of the stem cross section characterizes the trees on the tested rootstock forms C 18 � 0.27 kg/sm3, ANT self-fertile 17� 0.23 kg/sm3, ANT C 36 � 0.19 kg/sm3, ANT × Maaka 9-8 � 0.16 kg/sm3, as highly productive at a young age. The trees on these rootstocks correspond to the assigned 5×2 m planting scheme and the �KGB� formation system.