Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The article presents the results of the study and evaluation of bunches, berries and seeds of some technical grape varieties, as well as the Moldova variety, which has a universal use in Azerbaijan. Morphological, biological and technological features of the varieties selected as the object of research were studied according to the descriptors of the International Organization of Vine and Wine (OIV). Among the local and introduced grape varieties, Arna-grna, Khindogny, Gamashhara, Shirvanshahy and Moldova varieties outperformed the control and other tested varieties in terms of uvological parameters (weight, volume, bunch size, etc.). The yield of juice in the studied varieties varied within 63,5-86,8 %. The highest juice yield was noted in the Shirvanshahy variety (86,8 %), and the lowest in the varieties Carignan (63,5 %) and Syrah (63,8 %); the relatively low value of this indicator can be explained by the increased sensitivity shown by these varieties to local edaphoclimatic conditions, as well as climatic changes, when in the conditions of Azerbaijan in the areas of traditional rainfed viticulture, berries often do not gain enough juice without additional watering. By weight of 100 berries the studied varieties were mainly classified as small, and the varieties Arna-grna (481 g), Gyanjevi (341 g) and Moldova (317 g) were classified as medium. The sugar content of the berries of the studied grape varieties was assessed as medium, high and very high, in accordance with descriptor OIV 505; the highest indicator was noted in the Shirvanshahy variety (25,0 g/100 cm³).