Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

As a result of study of Coccomyces populations the endophytic microbiota is defined and stability of stone fruit forms to disease is estimated. The necessity of a comprehensive study of population structure of the pathogen in the place of expected growing is established using the definition of endophytic microbiota

Annotation

The results of rooting the perspective clonal rootstocks for sweet cherry (P. avium) and sour cherry (P. cerasus) as well as was explored their compability with scion in the nursery are presented. The work was carried out at the base of the Krymsk EBS, VIR Branch in the rows, mist-forming systems for growing clonal rootstocks and nursery. The objects were clone forms that tested for rooting by lignified and green cuttings as well as their use as rootstocks of sweet cherries and sour cherries. The results of the research show that the tested forms have a high percentage of rooting the lignified and green cuttings. It was determined that the forms of C 56-12×VSL 2, C 39-4, A-9×VSL 2 (2341-1) and the LORY series have tolerance to cuttings which are infected by a ringspot virus. All tested forms in the nursery are well compatible with the varieties of sweet cherry and sour cherry, however, the Vstrecha cherry variety with rootstocks of VSL 2 and RVL 9 displays the mechanical incompatibility. Saplings that have been grafted on the exploratary forms begin to branch in the nursery, laying the first side-shoot at height of 50-70 cm. The tests with the sweet cherry variety of Lapins have shown that applying of RVL 8 rootstocks, which had been obtained by Krymsk EBS in 2000, contributes the better branching of saplings in the nursery and the increasing of inclination of the branch from stem over 75 �. It is shown that the rootstocks that were studied have different growth vigor: the characteristics of C 56-12 ×VSL 2, A-9 ×VSL 2 2341-1, RVL 8 and Grizela 6 are the semi-vigorous and semi-dwarfs rootstocks. The series LORY and RVL 9 are the vigorous rootstocks.

Annotation

Clonal rootstocks should contribute to improving the economic and biological characteristics of varieties, to show the adaptability to abiotic stress factors, to increase in the yield of plantations. Where guaranteed irrigation is not possible, the clonal rootstock for sweet cherry in Southern Russia can be Magaleb cherry or Antipka, which naturally show the high drought tolerance. The purpose of our work is the selection of a highly productive clonal rootstock for sweet cherry from the forms of Magaleb cherry selected by the high rooting rate with lignified cuttings. These clonal forms of Antipka, have been tested since 2015 for compatibility with the zoned Alexandria variety. 28 tested rootstock forms can be divided into groups according to the growth vigor, as dwarf, medium and vigorous growth. The rootstocks of C-85, C-3, ANT B/N 5, ANT 213, Jermuk 30, C 18, ANT A 30, ANT self-fertile 17 and ANT 14-21-33 stand out as dwarf. Testing of variety-rootstock combinations with the participation of Antipka forms showed that rootstock propagated by cloning contribute to early sweet cherry maturity, that is not the case with seed propagation. The manifestation of early maturity is noted in variety-rootstock combinations with the participation of ANT 1/148 9/10, ANT C 36, ANT b/n 13, ANT A 30, C-3, C-18, on the fifth year of growth a yield are of 9.8; 12.3; 10.4; 10.3; 12.3 and 15.1 kg, respectively, twice of the RVL 9 control rootstock � 6.5 kg. The analysis of the specific productivity of the stem cross section characterizes the trees on the tested rootstock forms C 18 � 0.27 kg/sm3, ANT self-fertile 17� 0.23 kg/sm3, ANT C 36 � 0.19 kg/sm3, ANT × Maaka 9-8 � 0.16 kg/sm3, as highly productive at a young age. The trees on these rootstocks correspond to the assigned 5×2 m planting scheme and the �KGB� formation system.