Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The analysis of morphological signs of inter-varietal hybrids quince is carried out. Interac-tion between genes controlling certain signs is established.

Annotation

The article gives the results of the study of pear breeding of South Ural Scientific Research Institution of Horticultural and Potato growing (now South Ural Scientific Research Institution of Horticultural and Potato growing � branch of FSBSI �Ural Federal Agrarian Research Center UB RAS�). For the first time in the southern region of Krasnodar region, the reaction of new varieties was studied and the display of economic and valuable features depending on the biological features of the variety and the natural and climatic conditions of cultivation was established. The tasks of studying new varieties of the Ural breeding for the conditions of the South of Russia are described. The value of pear fruits for fresh consumption, as primary produce for processing and horticultural wood in general has been noted. Economic and biological features of the growth and development of pear plants are presented. Flowering of the test varieties in Krasnodar conditions takes place 1-2 weeks earlier than locally districted varieties. Following varieties of summer ripening, resistance to return frosts and with a good yield were selected: Krasulya, Skazochnaya, Raduzhnaya. The article gives a brief Economic and biological characteristic of seven varieties of pear breeded by the South Ural Research Institute of Horticulture and Potato including: early summer, summer and autumn period of maturation. They are recommended for cultivation, both in production department and in the private sector, to expand the assortment of early summer and autumn pear varieties suitable for both fresh consumption and high-quality processing products. Introduced pear varieties can be used in the breeding process to produce a disease-resistant genetic material. Optimization of pear assortment in the conditions of southern Russia with new introduced adaptive varieties will provide an opportunity to rationally increase the biological potential of pear production, will allow to receive fruits of high taste and commodity qualities, reduce chemical treatments from pests and diseases and, thus, will increase the ecological safety of the environment.