Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In the structure of the perennial orchards of the Stavropol Region the apple-tree occupies more than 80% of the space. For development of Region fruit growing branch the correct selection of high-yielding variety-rootstock's combinations allowing to get the big and stable apple yield has a special importance. In this regard under the conditions of Stavropol zone of unstable moistening the research have been carried out on economic and biological assessment of apple varieties of summer maturing of Redfri (control), Krasny Yantar, Fortuna and Shchedrost grafted on a semi-dwarf SK-2 rootstock. As a result of the carried-out measuring it is found that the most intensive increasing of trees trunk is noted for Fortuna and Shchedrost varieties, much exceeding this indicator of Redfri and Krasny Yantar � on 0,9 and 3,3 cm2 respectively. The productivity of Krasny Yantar and Fortuna varieties was at one level, and the level of productivity of their varieties less significantly of Redfri control indicator � on 0,6 t/hectare. The maximal yield capacity in the experience has been got in the orcards of Shchedrost apple-trees and it significantly more (on 0,7-1,3 t/hectare) than those of control and other apple varieties. In this work the different reaction of the studied apple varieties to soil climatic area conditions of the Georgevskiy District is shown. Under these conditions the Krasny Yantar and Fortuna apple varieties have had the productivity significantly smaller Redfri control � on 0,04-0,05 kg/cm2. The productivity indicator of Shchedrost apple variety didn't differ from values of control. The average weight of Krasny Yantar apple fruits was at the level of control in our experience and it is significantly less than those of Fortuna and Shchedrost apple varieties� by 15 g and 32 g respectively.