Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The orography of the Central Ciscaucasia regions, determines a high degree of diversity of the natural composition of vegetation, including fruit wild plants with nutritional, medicinal, technical, perfumery properties and many other economically significant signs. In this regard, a special place is occupied by a strip of the mid-mountain belt with altitudes of 500 - 1200 meters above sea level, which is extremely diverse in terms of geohydrological conditions. Due to the considerable remoteness of the Central Ciscaucasia Region from the Black Sea basin from the West and from the Caspian � from the East, a peculiar complex of tree and shrub plants with an abundance of endemic species of fruit wild plants has developed here, which are the important resource for receiving of quality and original on biochemical composition production. The methodological aspects of the study of natural thickets of fruit wild plants are presented and the main indicators for assessing the productivity and quality of the medlar harvest are revealed and presented in this article. The characteristic features of thickets and individual plants are given for the isolation of protoclone shoots from them, which have valuable economic properties. As a result of the studies carried out, it was established: the influence of individual landscape elements like height bend and slope exposure the abundance of German medlar plants in natural communities of tree and shrub species, as well as productivity and morphological indicators of fruits, including those with signs of cloning. The dependence of the yield of saplings on the species characteristics of rootstocks is revealed. The preservation of natural thickets and the introduction of the Germanic medlar in culture allows us to solve the social-economic issues of modern gardening in the regions of the Central Ciscaucasia.