Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In the article are presented the results of studying the biological diversity of some indigenous grapevine varieties available in the Russian ampelographic collection using retrotransposon markers. In total, 10 indigenous grapevine varieties were selected for the study. These varieties belong to genotypes originating from the ecological-geographical groups of the Don and the Caucasus and, accordingly, are distant in origin. Thus, for the first time, genetic diversity and their relationship, obtained as a result of their description using retrotransposon markers, were investigated. As a result, a total of 1518 DNA bands were obtained, of which 67,69 % were polymorphic. At the same time, a different number of DNA bands per genotype was obtained as a result of amplification with all markers. The minimum amount (128) was shown by the Budai shuli variety, while the maximum (173) was found in the Kuldzhinskiy variety. The markers used in the work also generated a different number of DNA bands. In particular, the minimum amount was for Tvv-1 (79), while the maximum (171) was demonstrated by the marker 2373. Despite the relatively small total number of polymorphic bands, the Shannon Index (0.342) and the Diversity criterion (0.224) showed high indicators. These facts can be explained by the fact that the varieties selected for research have a distant origin. Nevertheless, the level of polymorphism may indicate that there is a certain relationship between genotypes due to the geographical location of their places of origin. Based on the results of the analysis, clustering of genotypes was carried out using the PCoA and Maximum Likelihood methods. At the same time, the close location in PCoA analysis and cluster tree of the Kuldzhinsky and Sibirkovy varieties was unexpected.