Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The article presents the results of scientific research of the candidate of the Department of Commodity Science, Food Technology and Public Catering of the Dagestan State Agrarian University and her mentors on the commercial quality and structural and mechanical properties of fig fruits grown on the territory of the Republic of Dagestan. The article provides a description of 3 varieties of figs grown in the Magaramkent region of the Republic of Dagestan. Data on the mechanical properties of fig fruits in the conditions of Southern Dagestan are presented for the first time. The studies were carried out according to standard generally accepted methods in accordance with the research requirements of GOST 34322-2017. �Green figs. Specifications�. The result is the determination of commercial quality: organoleptic indicators � appearance, shape, condition of the fruit, taste, aroma, the presence of rotten, wilted, moldy, rumpled with excessive moisture berries; physical and chemical indicators � size and weight, cross diameter of the fruits of three studied varieties of figs (Urozhayny, Brunsvik, Cherny Pozdny). Based on the results, it can be concluded that all the studied varieties belong to the first commercial variety, and the Brunsvik variety is a large-fruited berry. The average weight for all varieties is 68.13 g. The study of the chemical composition of fig fruits suggests that along with fresh consumption, all the studied fig fruits are valuable raw materials for canned products. Fig fruits can be used to prepare various food products � preserve, compotes, jam, pastille, fruit pita bread, dried fruits, etc.

Annotation

The article presents the results of scientific research by postgraduate students of the Department of Commodity Science, Food Technology and Public Catering of the Dagestan State Agrarian University and their mentors on the nutritional value of fig fruits grown on the territory of the Republic of Dagestan. The authors studied the chemical composition of 3 varieties of fig fruits (Urozhaynyi, Brunsvik, Chernyi Pozdniy), grown in the Magaramkent region of the Republic of Dagestan. Data on the content of vitamins, micro-, macroelements and flavonoids of fig fruits in the conditions of Southern Dagestan are presented for the first time. The studies were carried out according to standard generally accepted methods in accordance with the research requirements of GOST 34322-2017. �The fresh figs. Technic specifications�. According to the results of studies, a sufficiently high content of flavonoids (from 251.62 to 310.01 mg%) and anthocyanins (from 227,24 and 285,12 mg%) was determined in fig fruits. Studies of the vitamin composition indicate that the Chernyi Pozdniy variety is rich in ascorbic acid, vitamin A, pantatenic and folic acids, choline, phylloquinone; the Brunsvik variety � β-carotene, niacin, folic acid; the Urozhaynyi variety � niacin and choline. According to the mineral composition: the Urozhaynyi variety contains a greater amount of phosphorus, iron, selenium, nickel, lead, iodine; the Brunsvik variety is distinguished by a high content of sodium, calcium, potassium, silicon, iron, zinc; the Chernyi Pozdniy variety has a high content of sodium, calcium, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, silicon, copper, zinc, chromium, aluminum, manganese. It is proved that fig fruits contain functional food ingredients and can be used for the production of functional products � pastilles, chips, preserves, compotes, jam, fruit pita bread, dried fruits, etc.