Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

Both for the processing industry and for recommendations to consumers, a comprehensive study of the qualitative characteristics of berries of grape varieties and forms in specific natural and climatic conditions, including chemical composition, becomes important. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the main chemical components of the gene pool collection of grape varieties growing in the conditions of the Central chernozem region (Michurinsk). The studies were conducted in the period 2017-2021. Berries of the varieties grown on the experimental sites of the Laboratory of Private Genetics and Breeding of the I.V. Michurin Federal Research Center were used as objects of research. The collection is represented by varieties of various species origin obtained in Russia, Ukraine, USA, Moldova, Bulgaria, Hungary. Chemical analyses of the fruit were carried out on the basis of the Laboratory of Biochemistry and Food Technologies of the FSBSI �I.V. Michurin FSC� according to the standard methods: the content of soluble solids � refractometrically; the content of the sum of sugars, organic acids, ascorbic acid � by titrimetric methods; anthocyanins � by pH-differential spectrophotometry, mineral elements � by capillary electrophoresis. Valuable genotypes with improved parameters of the chemical composition of fruits have been identified: total sugar content (above 18.0 %) � Kishmish koktail, Rozalia; high sugar-acid index (above 35) � Vostorg, Baklanovskiy, Rozalia, Elf; ascorbic acid content (above 10.0 mg/100 g) � Asya, Denisovskiy, Kishmish vengerskiy, Platovsky; anthocyanins (above 70.0 mg/100 g) � Denisovskiy, Agat donskoy; mineral substances � Kodryanka (K+ � 144.2 mg/100 g, Na+ � 2.0 mg/100 g, Mg2+ � 9.3 mg/100 g, Ca2+ � 19.6 mg/100 g)