Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The article presents the results of three summer studies on the collection mother plot in the village of Uch-Dere. The characteristic of weather conditions by years for the research period is given. Thus, 2019 and 2021 were favorable years for the growth and development of the tea plant, compared to 2020. The total precipitation in 2019 was at the level of long-term data, and in 2021 this indicator was higher by 299 mm, which made it possible to compare the physiological response of tea plants to low levels of precipitation in 2020. The average monthly temperatures for 2019 and 2021 were within the normal range and are optimal for the tea bush in the humid subtropics of Russia. It has been established that 2020 has become a critical year in terms of the total precipitation during the tea leaf harvesting period and the temperature regime during this period. The conducted research made it possible to reveal the resistance of the studied varieties to abiotic factors of the growing environment; identify their susceptibility to drought and frost by the appearance of plants; determine points for each variety for drought resistance and winter hardiness; determine the degree of maturation of one-year growth during the growing season; establish the full number of tea leaf harvest per season, their seed productivity depending on the degree of pruning and weather conditions during the growth and development; select varieties that are donors for drought resistance and winter hardiness, in order to further involve them in the breeding process.