Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

Creation and cultivation of economically feasible and environmentally safe orchard, especially important in a market economy. An important task for expanding the area of cultivation of subtropical fruit crops, in particular, oriental persimmon, is to increase the frost resistance of varieties and obtain planting material with a well-developed root system. In the fruits of subtropical crops (persimmon, fig, feijoa, black olive) with valuable medicinal and dietary properties, the sugar content (mainly fructose) is several times higher than that of conventional fruit crops (apple, pear, plum). Oriental persimmon fruits contain 0.025-0.0415 mg % of vitamin P, 0.15-11.8 mg % of carotenoid, l100-530 mg% of leucoanthocyanin, 45.6 mg% of vitamin �. Three types of persimmons have become widespread in Dagestan, - date plum persimmon with a well-developed fibrous root system, common persimmon with high frost resistance and oriental persimmon with high commodity fruit qualities. The idea to combine all three types of persimmon in one plant using vegetative hybridization was implemented in work: date plum persimmon (rootstock), oriental persimmon (scion) and common persimmon (intercalary insert). The resulting three-component planting material meets high requirements and can be used in regions with relatively cold climates. Practically, when growing such persimmon plants in areas with a cold climate, there is no need for transportation valuable fruits from the southern regions and, accordingly, the price will decrease and the quality indicators of this product will remain. Breeding studies are planned in the future with the participation of these oriental persimmon plants with intercalary insert of common persimmon.