Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The results of studying the mechanical composition of bunches and berries of a young vineyard of dark-berry technical grape varieties Vecherniy, Dmitriy and Kurchanskiy are presented. The research was carried out in a standard own-root vineyard located in the first department of the Kuban educational farm of KubSAU. Data on the average mass of a bunch and berry, as well as the mass of their constituent structural elements are given: the proportion of berries and stems in the bunch weight, the proportion of skin, seeds and pulp with juice in the berry weight, the structure index of the bunch and the berry index are calculated. It was revealed that the smallest bunch weight was obtained from the Vecherniy variety, and the largest from the Kurchanskiy variety. In both years, the smallest average berry weight was observed in the Dmitriy variety, and the largest in the Vecherniy variety. The proportion of berries from the bunch weight in the studied varieties turned out to be approximately the same and amounted to 96.1�97.7 %, which was within the normal range. In both years, the structure index had the highest values in the Kurchanskiy variety, and the lowest in the Vecherniy variety. The highest values of the berry index were observed in the Dmitriy variety, which has the smallest berries, and the lowest values in the Vecherniy variety, which has the largest berries. The proportion of skin in four out of six cases was significantly higher than the standard values. The proportion of seeds from the bunch weight between varieties ranged from 5.0-9.8 %, which exceeded the norm by 1.0-3.8 %. The proportion of pulp with juice in five out of six cases was 58.2-71.7 %, which was significantly less than the standard values (75-80 %). The share of structural indicators of berries depended not only on varietal characteristics, but also on the conditions of the year.