Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The short history of berry crop`s collections creation in the branch Maykop Experimental Station of VIR is given. Species and varietal diversity of the genera Fragaria L., Rubus L., Ribes L., Grossularia Mill. is presented. The study of collection samples is carried out according to the generally accepted guidelines in the VIR. Particular attention is paid to plant condition of after wintering, phenological phases, growth and development, yield and quali-ty of berries, field assessment of resistance to hydrothermal stress, diseases and pests. It is shown that berry crops in the foothills of the Republic of Adygea generally overwinter well. The greatest damage is observed in severe and snowy winters, as well as under the influence of late spring frosts. For theoretical ground of some of the reasons for the decline in the yield and quality of berries the article reflects the results of the visual evaluation of plants, and their water exchange in an extremely hot and dry conditions. It was revealed that drought-and heat-resistant samples have increased water-holding capacity of leaves. According to visual observations, the resistance to summer stress factors manifest the thorn free blackberry varieties of Evergreen, Logan, Merton; and raspberry of Hussar, Shuntuk-skaya, Tarusa, Cumberland; black currants of Gracia, Lentyai, Kipiani, Uktus; red currant of Vica, Marmeladny; gooseberry of Besshipny and Houghton. The varieties of strawberry of local selection (Berchet, Kremlevskaya, Maikopskaya Rannya, Nelmes, Persikovaya, Predgornaya, Paryt, Shuntuk-skaya 6) and a number of introduced samples showed the field resistance to the complex of fungal diseases. Practically resistant to spots have the black currants of Delicates, Kipiani, Ladushka, R. americanum Mill. subsp. floridum ; red currant of Azora, Asya, Isumitelnaya, Krasnaya Andreichenko, Marmeladny; gooseberry � Haughton. Among blackberries are allocated: Agavam, Evergreen, Kittatinny, Whitford Thornless; raspberry � Turner, Shuntukskaya 6, Briliantovaya. When growing and compiling breeding programs for the Southern region of Russia, it is necessary to take into account the based characteristics of the studied samples.