Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In this work we have the purpose: to estimate the efficiency of use of resources of radiation and moisture in the ampelocenoses with different structure of plantings and architecture of plants. The article studies some physiological effects of plant productivity in vineyards with different plantation structure and plant architecture. It has been established that the receipt of photosynthetic active radiation under the conditions of South-ern Ukraine contents of 4,5-7,7 MJ/m2/day during vegetation. Depending of vineyard structure and plant architecture the absorption of photosynthetic active radiation is within the range from 33-59 GJ/ha/day; the use of water for transpire we concluded that the high values of absorbed photosynthetic active radiation's coefficient and coefficient of transpiration established in vineyards with surface of nutrition 3 x 1,25 m, especially on low horizontal cordon and Guyot bi-lateral. A method of evaluation of the arrival and the use of plants of photosynthetic active radiation allows us at relatively low labor expenses effort to identify the physiological criterions of grapes productivity and to reveal the efficiency of the productive process of ampelocenoses, including the use of the resources of radiation and water. The development of optimization criterions of radiation modes, depending on the factors of moisture will allow us at the stage of design decision, taking into account the varietal composition, the feeding area of plants, the formation of bushes and tendril, to create the ampelocenoses with maximum of efficiency of use of natural resources. Regulation of productivity of grapes plantations, on the basis of photometric characteristics of the crown of grapes plants will bring the yield capacity to potential opportunity of plants with the great efficiency.