Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

As the result of the intensive growth of greenhouse areas, the need in seeds of tomato hybrids corresponding to the demand of consumers is increased. Breeding scientistes of the company "Gavrish" are working for the creation and the assessment of large-fruited tomato hybrids with the complex of resistances to diseases and pests for the extended circulation. The main indexes determining the commodity quality of fruits are intensity and homogeneity of coloring, uniformity and mass of fruits as well. The objects of our research were the new tomato hybrids which were selected in the seed firm "Gavrish". As standards there were used the hybrid of russian breeding F1 Taganka and the hybrid of foreign breeding F1 Torrero. The following indexes - type of plant growth, leafing, load, type of inflorescence, mass of fruit (more 200 g), fruit color and form, yield capacity and etc, were taken into account for the research of large-fruited hybrids. The tomato firmness of fruits was measured by the classical penetrometer (Shor). The tomato firmness has a great significance at the transportation of products. The analysis of more perspective breeding material was carried out with the use of molecular-genetic methods on the presence of genes of resistance to Cf, TomVo0-2, Fol, For,Ol,Ve. Taking into account the results of phenological observations we came to a conclusion, that all tested hybrids of tomato, including the standards, on maturing terms are concern to middle-early ones (the time of ripening - from 100-115 days). The fruit-set fully depends on the successfully made process of pollination in every flower. The study of biological and morphological peculiarities of researched new large-fruited tomato hybrids allowed us to reveal the ecologically plastic, possessing the high potential productivity tomato hybrids.