Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

In this review the main physical and chemical, including sorption, properties of natural polymer of a chitozan and its application are reflected in the various areas of the industry. The chemical structure of chitin and a chitozan is given, the active centers are noted, the possible mechanisms of interaction of chitozan with chemical components of foodstuff, including the wine, are presented. The special attention is given to physical and chemical and electric properties of a chitozan. It is shown that the electric-cinetic potential of chitozan changes depending on active acidity of the environment. The data of a chitozan application are given in the various industry branches, including medicine, biotechnology, and the chemical and food industry. The use of chitozan in the food industry, as a thickener, a sorbent, a structure creater, a taste improver for production of products of dietary food, is offered. Much attention in the review is given to research of the possibility of chitozan application for processing of drinks, including the wine. It is offered to use a chitozan as means for regulation of wine acidity and stabilization of wine materials against protein and polyphenol and lipid dimness, as well as for prevention of metal kass, and sorption of micro organisms. It is shown that application of a chitozan in the beer industry as a food addition promotes the improvement of taste and foam-forming ability of beer. In the combination with bentonite, gelatin, silica gel, fish glue and other glue substances a chitozan is used for processing of kvass, beer, juice and the other non alcoholic drinks. Mech-anisms of interaction of a hitozan with proteins, polysaccharides and polyphenols of beer, wine, and kvass are given. Data on the sorption capacity of chitozan preparations are submitted. The clarification of communication of chemical structure and biological activity of a chitozan will allow us to create the substances keeping his properties and possessing of the new useful qualities.