Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

At the All-Russian research institute of a lupine (Bryansk), the Astachovsky walnut variety is created and in 2015 it is allowed to use in the South of the Nonchernozem zone by the State register of breeding achievements. The new variety is created by A.I. Astakhov using the selection from posterity of the walnut in the third generation received from the Truskavets botanic garden. This article contains the results of an economic and biological assessment of variety of Astakhovsky walnut. Special attention is paid to winter hardness of a plant and quality of fruits. It is shown that the winter hardness of a tree is good. After winter of 2006 with the minimum temperature-29º� the freezing of trees has made 1,5-2 points, and trees were restored well. It is noted that trees don't slow the growth and in autumn before frosts they throw down the leaves. It promotes the good preparation of trees for winter and their rewintering. The Astakhovsky variety is more winter-hardy, than the well known variety of Ideal, and also surpasses him in the size of fruits. The trees begin to fructify since 5-6 years. Fructification is annual. Productivity from 7 to 10 years - 10-20 kg from a tree, at mature age - to 0,30 t/ha. The average mass of a walnut is 23,4 g, maximal mass is 27,1 g. Tasting assessment is 5 points. The walnut breeds by an inoculation and seeds, it is steady against diseases and vermins. The conclusion is made that Astakhovsky variety corresponds to climatic conditions of the Bryansk Region. High winter hardiness, resistance to diseases and vermins, productivity with high quality of fruits allow you to recommend this walnut variety for cultivation under the conditions of a midland of Russia.