Fruit growing
and viticulture of South Russia

Annotation

The damage of grapes wood organs by mycoses in various degree cause the deterioration in the general phytosanitary condition of vineyards up to irreversible. The systematic research on studying of this group of grapes diseases in the conditions of the Western Ciscaucasia weren't conducted throughout the entire period of crop cultivation. In this regard there was a need of deeper studying of the infection complex associated with weakening of productional potential of modern vineyards of the West Ciscaucasian region. The aim of our work was clarification of the reasons of defeat of grapes wood parts, the identification and the analysis of mycoflora of tracheomycoses patocomplexes. The grapes plants with various signs of growth weakening up to drying and microflora of the damaged wood parts were the objects of our research. The phytosanitary monitoring about 2,5 thousand hectares of grapes orchards has been carried out. It is shown that the development of the tracheomycoses complexes was preceded by strong stressful impact on grapes plants of abnormal weather conditions of 2014-2015. As a result, the conducting system of grapes plants has been broken and there the fungeus patoflora began to develop later. The weakening of a sap flow due to vessel stopping up has led to decrease in metabolism of grapes bushes in general. Extent of decrease in activity of metabolic processes in the plants depended on extent of stress influence and extent of mycopatoflora's develop-ment. The withering and the drying of grapevine organs (leaves, bunches, shoots) were the external manifestation of the revealed nonspecific tracheomycosises which have developed after winter and spring frosting of organs and they intensified after a summer drought. We made a conclusion that the monitoring at a stage of nurseries should be carried out not only on specific tracheomycoses infections, but also on nonspecific infections and it demands a special attention.